Garrett Mattingly's book about this effort links its outcome with Anne de Joyeuse's loss at Coutras the previous year.
Garrett Mattingly's book about this effort links its outcome with Anne de Joyeuse's loss at Coutras the previous year. In a botched response to this effort, John Norreys failed to install Antonio, Prior of Crato. Men in this effort feared Giambelli's "hellburners," which had terrorized forces during the Siege of Antwerp. This effort, preceded by the death of the Marquis de Santa Cruz, was orchestrated by Bernardino de Mendoza and inspired a speech at (*) Tilbury. Provoked by the Treaty of Nonsuch, and led by the Duke of Medina Sidonia, this force was rebuffed at the Battle of Gravelines by Lord Howard and Francis Drake, and by a storm labeled the "Protestant wind." For 10 points, name this force commissioned by Philip II in 1588 to invade England by sea.
Garrett Mattingly's book about this effort links its outcome with Anne de Joyeuse's loss at Coutras the previous year.
Spanish Armada [or \"Invincible Armada\"; accept reasonable equivalents such as Philip II\'s failed invasion of England]