Literally meaning "charcoal burners", these were members of a secret organization that emerged in southern Italy during the Napoleonic Wars.
Literally meaning "charcoal burners", these were members of a secret organization that emerged in southern Italy during the Napoleonic Wars. Although involved in a number of insurrections from 1817-31, they never developed a clear program, and with other organizations like the Adelfi and Federati it was superceded by better organized groups.
Literally meaning "charcoal burners", these were members of a secret organization that emerged in southern Italy during the Napoleonic Wars.
Carbonari (or Carbonaria)