When deriving this phenomenon, noting that the system in question is equivalent to a Coloumb gas leads to the fact that the scale only contributes a constant.
When deriving this phenomenon, noting that the system in question is equivalent to a Coloumb gas leads to the fact that the scale only contributes a constant. A simpler derivation considers the fact that the equation for the delta-G of vortex formation is dominated by an entropy term at low temperatures. Based on the binding and unbinding of two vortices, this phenomenon takes a system from a regime in which the spin-wave approximation holds to a disordered one. In superfluid Helium-4 films this phenomenon is responsible for a discontinuity in the superfluid density, leading to a two- dimensional version of the lambda transition. Occurring from ground states with a continuous symmetry like in the XY model, for 10 points, name this infinite-order phase transition that sees the disappearance of long-range order in a low temperature regime, named for two physicists.
When deriving this phenomenon, noting that the system in question is equivalent to a Coloumb gas leads to the fact that the scale only contributes a constant.
{K}osterlitz-{T}houless transition