The absence of these particles is posited by the Mermin-Wagner Theorem and Coleman's Theorem in 1+1-dimensional quantum theories, since they would have infrared divergent correlation functions.
The absence of these particles is posited by the Mermin-Wagner Theorem and Coleman's Theorem in 1+1-dimensional quantum theories, since they would have infrared divergent correlation functions. Types of these particles include schizons, axions, familons, and majorons; they are often named for Yoichiro Nambu who studied them with their usual namesake. They appear in pseudo-variety when symmetry is not exact, and ►they are "eaten" by gauge bosons. FTP, name these typically massless bosons generated when a continuous symmetry is spontaneously broken. 
The absence of these particles is posited by the Mermin-Wagner Theorem and Coleman's Theorem in 1+1-dimensional quantum theories, since they would have infrared divergent correlation functions.
Nambu-Goldstone bosons    