When this existed, some of its pioneers were Ron Stoughton at UCSB, Leonard Kleinrock at UCLA, Elmer Shapiro at the Stanford Research Institute, and Lawrence Roberts in Utah.
When this existed, some of its pioneers were Ron Stoughton at UCSB, Leonard Kleinrock at UCLA, Elmer Shapiro at the Stanford Research Institute, and Lawrence Roberts in Utah. They used Kleinrock's research on packet switching to improve on the circuit switching found in earlier efforts. Its nodes used Interface Message Processors, which are similar to modern-day routers. This technology also used Network Control Programs, which are analogous to communication protocols, and its applications increased with the development of file transfer protocol, though the majority of its early usage was for e-mail. Name this predecessor of the internet, developed by a part of the Defense Department.
When this existed, some of its pioneers were Ron Stoughton at UCSB, Leonard Kleinrock at UCLA, Elmer Shapiro at the Stanford Research Institute, and Lawrence Roberts in Utah.
(D)ARPANET [prompt on the internet before it is mentioned]