One of this man's results is a generalization of Gauss's "Eureka" Theorem, which proved that every integer can be written as a sum of three triangular numbers.
One of this man's results is a generalization of Gauss's "Eureka" Theorem, which proved that every integer can be written as a sum of three triangular numbers. Numbers like 561 and 1105 give false positives for his namesake primality test; those numbers are Carmichael numbers. That test is based on this man's theorem that a to the power of p is congruent to a modulo p. However, he is most famous for a result the proof of which the (*) "margin [was] too narrow to contain." That theorem claims there are no non-trivial solutions to the equation a to the n plus b to the n equals c to the n for n greater than two. For ten points, identify this French mathematician, whose work with primes led to his "little theorem" and whose "Last Theorem" was finally proven by Andrew Wiles.
One of this man's results is a generalization of Gauss's "Eureka" Theorem, which proved that every integer can be written as a sum of three triangular numbers.
Pierre de {Fermat} (accept {triangular numbers} or {polygonal number} theorem before mentioned)