An enzyme that catalyzes the formation of this compound has erythrocyte, liver, and muscle isoforms, and is deficient in a condition that creates "burr cells." An oxidized lipoate species with a "swinging arm" is attacked by an anionic carbon in a TPP cofactor in the three-enzyme complex that dehydrogenates this compound. This compound's carboxylase catalyzes the formation
An enzyme that catalyzes the formation of this compound has erythrocyte, liver, and muscle isoforms, and is deficient in a condition that creates "burr cells." An oxidized lipoate species with a "swinging arm" is attacked by an anionic carbon in a TPP cofactor in the three-enzyme complex that dehydrogenates this compound. This compound's carboxylase catalyzes the formation of oxaloacetate in the first step of (*) gluconeogenesis. In anaerobic conditions, NAD+ can be regenerated by converting this compound to lactate. In respiration, this compound is made into acetyl-CoA, which then enters the citric acid cycle. For 10 points, name this three-carbon compound that is the end-product of glycolysis.