This value can be calcula
This value can be calculated by the Evjen method, which is a direct summation of Coulombic potentials, or by the Ewald method, which uses integral transforms to validly calculate the Coulomb potential at any mathematical point. When this value cannot be obtained, one can still use the Kapustinskii Equation in order to make a reasonable estimate of energy. A term must be added to this value to account for the electron-electron repulsion of closed shells. Often represented by a capital or lower-case "A", for example in the Born-Mayer Equation, it is often calculated for sodium chloride to demonstrate its rapidly converging series. It depends on the relative distribution of cations and anions in a structure, and unlike lattice energy, it describes the energy of a single ion in a crystal. FTP, name this constant which depends on geometric arrangement of ions in a crystal, named for a German chemist.
This value can be calculated by the Evjen method, which is a direct summation of Coulombic potentials, or by the Ewald method, which uses integral transforms to validly calculate the Coulomb potential at any mathematical point.
Madelung Constant