Note: Only papal name, not given name, is acceptable. One pope with this name was besieged at Nocera after he excommunicated Charles the Short. That pope legendarily complained he couldn't hear enough screaming when rebellious cardinals were being tortured. It isn't Stephen, but the seventh pope with this name reigned just 13 days, a record for shortest tenure as pope. After the death of Gregory XI, the Avignon-based Clement VII opposed the sixth pope with this name at the beginning of the Western Schism. The most recent pope with this name was satirized as "Simplicio" in the text Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems, which was written by that pope's one-time friend, Galileo. The most well-known pope with this name legendarily in
Note: Only papal name, not given name, is acceptable. One pope with this name was besieged at Nocera after he excommunicated Charles the Short. That pope legendarily complained he couldn't hear enough screaming when rebellious cardinals were being tortured. It isn't Stephen, but the seventh pope with this name reigned just 13 days, a record for shortest tenure as pope. After the death of Gregory XI, the Avignon-based Clement VII opposed the sixth pope with this name at the beginning of the Western Schism. The most recent pope with this name was satirized as "Simplicio" in the text Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems, which was written by that pope's one-time friend, Galileo. The most well-known pope with this name legendarily inspired a crowd to chant "God wills it!" after talking about reclaiming the Holy Land at the Council of Clermont. For 10 points, give this name of eight popes, including the one who called for the First Crusade.
Note: Only papal name, not given name, is acceptable. One pope with this name was besieged at Nocera after he excommunicated Charles the Short.