Two methods for calculating this value are Dodgson condensation and cofactor expansion. This value   equals zero when a homogeneous equation has a nontrivial solution. This value gives the ratio of  the area of a shape after
Two methods for calculating this value are Dodgson condensation and cofactor expansion. This value   equals zero when a homogeneous equation has a nontrivial solution. This value gives the ratio of  the area of a shape after a linear transformation to the original area. This is evaluated to find a   characteristic equation, which is solved to find eigenvalues. Two of these values are divided to solve a  system of equations using Cramer's Rule. This is the product of main diagonal values for a triangular  matrix. Name this value for a square matrix sometimes given by the formula 𝑎𝑑 − 𝑏𝑐 ["𝑎  times 𝑑  minus 𝑏  times 𝑐"].
Two methods for calculating this value are Dodgson condensation and cofactor expansion.