A variant on the Michelson interferometer is named for this man and Ludwig Zehnder. His criterion mandates that only certain propositions be employed in physical theory. His principle speaks of the applicability of such concepts as inertia and acceleration relative to absolute space. The distribution of light across a gradient results in an effect on illumination at regions that are known as his bands. For 10 points, name this scientist who most 
A variant on the Michelson interferometer is named for this man and Ludwig Zehnder. His criterion mandates that only certain propositions be employed in physical theory. His principle speaks of the applicability of such concepts as inertia and acceleration relative to absolute space. The distribution of light across a gradient results in an effect on illumination at regions that are known as his bands. For 10 points, name this scientist who most famously lends his name to the ratio of fluid velocity to the speed of sound in that fluid, known as his number, which is above 1 in supersonic transport.
A variant on the Michelson interferometer is named for this man and Ludwig Zehnder.