Muzio Clementi wrote a collection of these titled Gradus ad Parnassum. One of these works begins with an E-E-E-E-F-E-C-E theme, while another was described by Robert Schumann as an "Aeolian Harp." Gyorgy Ligeti composed one titled after Brancusi's "Infinite Column," and Carl Czerny is remembered most for this type of composition. Frederic Chopin composed a notable one titled "Winter Wind," as well as one nicknamed "Black Key," but his most famous one appeared during the 
Muzio Clementi wrote a collection of these titled Gradus ad Parnassum. One of these works begins with an E-E-E-E-F-E-C-E theme, while another was described by Robert Schumann as an "Aeolian Harp." Gyorgy Ligeti composed one titled after Brancusi's "Infinite Column," and Carl Czerny is remembered most for this type of composition. Frederic Chopin composed a notable one titled "Winter Wind," as well as one nicknamed "Black Key," but his most famous one appeared during the November Uprising of 1831 and is titled "Revolutionary." For 10 points, name this type of musical composition often used to strengthen technique whose name comes from the French word for "study."
Muzio Clementi wrote a collection of these titled Gradus ad Parnassum.
etude