In a 2007 paper, this man explained inflation using the no boundary proposal with volume weighting. Along with Hartle, this man names a proposal for the initial state of the universe. This man published a paper with Roger Penrose that argued the universe started with a singularity. The chapter "Black Holes Ain't So Black" appears in a book by this man, who is also the namesake of the radiation emitted by black holes. For 
In a 2007 paper, this man explained inflation using the no boundary proposal with volume weighting. Along with Hartle, this man names a proposal for the initial state of the universe. This man published a paper with Roger Penrose that argued the universe started with a singularity. The chapter "Black Holes Ain't So Black" appears in a book by this man, who is also the namesake of the radiation emitted by black holes. For 10 points, name this theoretical physicist who wrote A Brief History of Time despite being wheelchair bound as a result of the disease ALS.
In a 2007 paper, this man explained inflation using the no boundary proposal with volume weighting.
Stephen {Hawking}