In 1943, a civilian plane
In 1943, a civilian plane that took off from this country carrying Leslie Howard was mistakenly shot down by the Nazis. The last king of this country earned the epithet "the Unfortunate" upon ascending the throne after his father and elder brother were assassinated in 1908. This country's ruling National Union party collapsed after a coup led by the Armed Forces Movement. Operation Vijay targeted a colony of this country, against which Eduardo Mondlane led the socialist group FRELIMO. This country underwent the Carnation Revolution, and used to have colonies at Goa and Mozambique. For 10 points, name this country whose Estado Novo was established by Antonio Salazar.
In 1943, a civilian plane that took off from this country carrying Leslie Howard was mistakenly shot down by the Nazis.
Kingdom of Portugal [or the Portuguese Republic; or Republica Portuguesa; or Reino de Portugal]