In the last movement of the "Eroica" symphony, a famously difficult chromatic solo for one of these 
In the last movement of the "Eroica" symphony, a famously difficult chromatic solo for one of these instruments begins by arpeggiating an A7 chord. Beethoven's Fourth is scored with only one of these instruments. Mozart wrote four quartets for this instrument and strings. Mozart's D major second concerto for this instrument is an arrangement of his oboe concerto, and he wrote a concerto for this instrument and (*) harp. This instrument plays a nightingale call in the second movement of Beethoven's "Pastoral" symphony. Four of these instruments respond to the trumpet in The Unanswered Question. It is played by Jean-Pierre Rampal and James Galway. For 10 points, name this woodwind instrument, a lower cousin of the piccolo.
In the last movement of the "Eroica" symphony, a famously difficult chromatic solo for one of these instruments begins by arpeggiating an A7 chord.
flutes