One type of these phenomena is subject to Onsager-Feynman quantization and is the product of a phase discontinuity between the "zero" and "pi" regions of a long Josephson junction. In another type of these phenomena, the B-field is proportional to a zeroth-order Bessel function of the quotient of radial distance and London penetration depth. The Lamb-Oseen model describes dissipative effects in these phenomena, which can produce oscillations with frequency proportional to the (*) Strouhal number. Type II superconductors exhibit a magnetic variety of these phenomena named for Abrikosov. For 10 points, Helmholtz's theorems apply to fluid flows in the vicinity of what phenomena, which can form 
One type of these phenomena is subject to Onsager-Feynman quantization and is the product of a phase discontinuity between the "zero" and "pi" regions of a long Josephson junction. In another type of these phenomena, the B-field is proportional to a zeroth-order Bessel function of the quotient of radial distance and London penetration depth. The Lamb-Oseen model describes dissipative effects in these phenomena, which can produce oscillations with frequency proportional to the (*) Strouhal number. Type II superconductors exhibit a magnetic variety of these phenomena named for Abrikosov. For 10 points, Helmholtz's theorems apply to fluid flows in the vicinity of what phenomena, which can form a von KÃ¡rmÃ¡n street and are characterized by a namesake quantity equal to the curl of the velocity field?
One type of these phenomena is subject to Onsager-Feynman quantization and is the product of a phase discontinuity between the "zero" and "pi" regions of a long Josephson junction.
vortices [or a vortex; accept "fluxons" before "Lamb-Oseen model," but do not accept or prompt thereafter]