Levels of this element's ions are elevated when signaling by phospholipase C results in IP3, which binds to its transporter.
Phorbol esters and ionophores of this element can be used to activate Protein kinase C in the absence of any upstream signals. Levels of this element's ions are elevated when signaling by phospholipase C results in IP3, which binds to its transporter. In the immediate aftermath of fertilization, levels of its ions rapidly increase, which helps prevent other sperm cells binding the fertilized egg. After its levels spike when its ions are released from the (*) sarcoplasmic reticulum, it binds troponin-C, which changes the conformation of muscle proteins and aids in muscle contraction. For 10 points, identify this element whose divalent cation widely functions as a second messenger in signaling.
Phorbol esters and ionophores of this element can be used to activate Protein kinase C in the absence of any upstream signals.
{ca}lcium