For 10 points, name this German-born enlightened despot who led the Russian Empire for 32 years.
This leader smashed the Ottoman Empire at the battle of Chesma, eventually taking Azov and the Crimea. After placing Stanislaw Poniatowski on the Polish throne, this protector of the Union of Lublin founded Hermitage Museum. This leader, who offered asylum to Denis Diderot so that he could finish his encyclopedia, took such men as Prince Zubov and Count Orlov as lovers. For 10 points, name this German-born enlightened despot who led the Russian Empire for 32 years.
This leader smashed the Ottoman Empire at the battle of Chesma, eventually taking Azov and the Crimea.
Catherine the Great [or Catherine II; prompt on Catherine]