FTP, name these wars in which Britain and France easily defeated Chinese forces.          
The second of these wars, also known as the Arrow War, began when a pirate vessel, the Arrow, was stopped by the authorities, who reportedly pulled down the British flag. The first had resulted from the seizure of the namesake drug by Lin Zexu. The treaties of Nanjing and Tientsin, ending the first and second respectively, forced China to open several ports to Britain and pay an indemnity, as well as to cede Hong Kong. FTP, name these wars in which Britain and France easily defeated Chinese forces.          |
The second of these wars, also known as the Arrow War, began when a pirate vessel, the Arrow, was stopped by the authorities, who reportedly pulled down the British flag.
{Opium} Wars