It explains length contraction, and time dilation using the aforementioned Lorentz factor.
In this theory, the dot product must be redefined in order to make it an invariant. In it, total energy and momentum are unified into a 4-vector. Tests for this theory include particle lifetime experiments and space isotropy measurements. Many effects that occur as a result of this theory involve a term equal to the inverse square root of one minus beta squared. It explains length contraction, and time dilation using the aforementioned Lorentz factor. It states that there is no absolutely stationary frame of reference, and an equation relating energy and mass is derived from this theory. For 10 points, name this theory which states that the speed of light is the same in all inertial reference frames, proposed by Albert Einstein before general relativity.
In this theory, the dot product must be redefined in order to make it an invariant.
special relativity [prompt on relativity, but do NOT accept or prompt on "general relativity"]