For 10 points, name this chivalrous Muslim ruler who in 1187 retook Jerusalem and defended it against Richard the Lionheart in the Third Crusade.
This leader's rise to power came with the death of Shirkuh and the assassination of Shawar, and his title was malik, or "king", instead of "sultan". This man's much larger force was routed by young King Baldwin at the battle of Montgisard. He was unable to take Tyre after defeating Baldwin's later successor King Guy at Hattin, and he suffered one of his largest defeats at Arsuf. His domains eventually stretched from Egypt to Syria as part of the Ayyubid Empire. For 10 points, name this chivalrous Muslim ruler who in 1187 retook Jerusalem and defended it against Richard the Lionheart in the Third Crusade.
This leader's rise to power came with the death of Shirkuh and the assassination of Shawar, and his title was malik, or "king", instead of "sultan".
{Saladin} [accept {Salah} ad-Din Yusuf ibn Ayyub]