Their behavior when uniformly spread is approximated by the jellium model.
At low densities, in a neutralizing, fixed background, Wigner predicted these objects would align into a lattice. Their behavior when uniformly spread is approximated by the jellium model. In one model, they experience an infinite periodic series of square potentials, wavefunction solutions to which can be found with the Bloch theorem. The Drude-Sommerfeld model describes their behavior in a (*) metal. They are assumed to be detached from the ions and only subject to a combined potential in this particle's namesake free gas. Their radial position is given in terms of Laguerre polynomials when describing the hydrogen atom. In an n-type semiconductor, these are the charge carriers. For 10 points, name these negatively charged particles that orbit nuclei.
At low densities, in a neutralizing, fixed background, Wigner predicted these objects would align into a lattice.
electrons [or electron gas; accept more specific answers]