For 10 points, name this field of philosophy concerned with deductive reasoning.
Topics like "Opposites," "Cases," and "More and Less and Likewise" appear in one tract on this subject. William of Ockham laid out his nominalism in his  Summa of  this subject. The square of opposition is based on a treatise of this subject called  On Interpretation , which uses a sea battle to illustrate the problem of future contingents. A tree that represents the definition of species in terms of genera and differentia appears in a textbook on this subject, Porphyry's  Isagoge , which is based on a prior philosopher's (*)   Categories . Peter Abelard's work on this subject was inspired by the rediscovery of the Prior Analytics  from Aristotle's  Organon , which expounded on non-modal syllogism. For 10 points, name this field of philosophy concerned with deductive reasoning.
Topics like "Opposites," "Cases," and "More and Less and Likewise" appear in one tract on this subject.
logic