h chapter of Exodus
The Mishnah states that Rabban Gamaliel posted diagrams of this object to assist the hediot, who were people who offered testimony about this object and were asked  ve questions about it. At a courtyard called Beit Ya'azek (beht yah-ahzek), the proclamation of "mekudash" (meh-koo-dahsh) was issued a er the Sanhedrin cross-examined people about this object. Prior to the reforms of Hillel II, a process of "sancti cation," or "kiddush kachodesh" (kih-DOOSH ka-HO-desh) required two people to see this object a er its "birth," or "molad" (moh-lahd). A period known as "Rosh Chodesh" (rohsh HO-desh) begins a er this object emerges from conjugation. In the twel h chapter of Exodus, God speaks to Moses on the  rst of Nissan and says that each month begins with the emergence of this object. For 10 points, what celestial body's "new" phase determines the Jewish calendar?
The Mishnah states that Rabban Gamaliel posted diagrams of this object to assist the hediot, who were people who offered testimony about this object and were asked  ve questions about it.
Moon [or Luna; or yerah-ah; or levanah; or sahar; accept new moon or crescent moon]