For 10 points, name this economic quantity that represents the benefit that one obtains by consuming a good.
John von Neumann  (NOY-mahn)  and Oskar Morgenstern developed a function for this quantity that is used when its value is subject to chance. To derive functions named after John Hicks and Alfred Marshall, one must minimize expenditures while holding this quantity constant, or maximize this quantity subject to a budget constraint, respectively. Francis Ysidro Edgeworth developed a graph whose axes represent goods and whose points are placed where this quantity is equal for both axes; that graph is the (*)  indifference curve. According to the optimal consumption rule, this quantity is maximized when the marginal form of this quantity per dollar is equal for each good in a consumption bundle. For 10 points, name this economic quantity that represents the benefit that one obtains by consuming a good.
John von Neumann  (NOY-mahn)  and Oskar Morgenstern developed a function for this quantity that is used when its value is subject to chance.
utility  [accept marginal  utility ; accept number of  util s] 