For 10 points, what ethical position developed by Jeremy Bentham advocates the greatest good for the greatest number?
Embracing the reductio ad absurdum conclusions that result from this position was coyly dubbed "outsmarting" by J. J. C. Smart, who advocated for an extreme form of this position; Bernard Williams debated Smart in a book titled for this position and subtitled "for and against." One objection to this position is that anyone trying to adopt it strictly would be frozen into inaction because it allows "no rest." A challenge to this position that results from the "mere addition paradox" was elucidated in the book Reasons and Persons by Derek Parɤt. There are "act" and "rule" formulations of this philosophical position, whose founder developed the "feliciɤc calculus." For 10 points, what ethical position developed by Jeremy Bentham advocates the greatest good for the greatest number?
Embracing the reductio ad absurdum conclusions that result from this position was coyly dubbed "outsmarting" by J. J. C. Smart, who advocated for an extreme form of this position; Bernard Williams debated Smart in a book titled for this position and subtitled "for and against."
utilitarianism [accept word forms of utilitarian; accept act utilitarianism or rule utilitarianism or Utilitarianism: For and Against]