For 10 points, name these Y-shaped immune proteins secreted by B cells, which recognize specific antigens.
The reduced sensitivity of assays in which unreactive types of these compounds are present is termed the hook or prozone effect. In a technique developed by Cesar Milstein, these molecules are collected from HGPRT-negative cells that can survive in media containing aminopterin ("am-in-OP-ter-in"). Using techniques such as phage display, these molecules can be "humanized." An indication of the species that these molecules were taken from and the species that they react specifically in, such as goat anti-mouse, is included in the naming convention for the fluorescently-labeled "secondary" varieties of them used in ELISAs or Western Blots. Hybridoma technology yields fused and immortalized cells that make "monoclonal" types of these proteins that are used in treating autoimmune diseases. For 10 points, name these Y-shaped immune proteins secreted by B cells, which recognize specific antigens.
The reduced sensitivity of assays in which unreactive types of these compounds are present is termed the hook or prozone effect.
monoclonal antibody [or monoclonal antibodies; or immunoglobulins] &lt;Biology&gt; Bonuses