For 10 points, name these self-contained explosives used to destroy ships and personnel during World War II.
This technology was the driving force behind Operation Wilfred, a plan to cut off Nazi Germany from Narvik iron ore. The "Crab," "Scorpion," and "Toad" were devices o㻈ten ftted with long chains that were designed to counter this technology. Charles Goodeve countered this technology by inducing an "N-pole up" field around his ships in a technique known as "degaussing." Bernard Montgomery opened the Second Battle of El Alamein with Operation Lightfoot, a plan to counter this technology, which historians have proven was responsible for the Britannic incident of 1916. A variant of this device was nicknamed the "Bouncing Betty." One of these devices, rather than a protege of Marcel Marceau, was responsible for the death of Lord Herbert Kitchener. For 10 points, name these self-contained explosives used to destroy ships and personnel during World War II.
This technology was the driving force behind Operation Wilfred, a plan to cut off Nazi Germany from Narvik iron ore.
landmines [or sea mines]