DOH-mee-nee) restricted papal elections to the College of Cardinals.
In this century, 200 new monasteries were founded following the Hirsau Reforms devised by the monk William of Hirsau (rhymes with "BEER now"). During this century, Erlembald publicly smashed a cup consecrated by the palace chaplain Godefrey in a display of power for a lower-orders movement called the "ragpickers." During this century, Peter Damian enumerated the forms of sodomy in his Liber Gomorrhianus (go-moh-ree-AH-nus). The Patarene (PAH-tah-reen) movement took over Milan during this century, in which the bull In Nomine Domini (in NOH-mee-nay DOH-mee-nee) restricted papal elections to the College of Cardinals. During this century, "anti-king" Rudolf of Swabia's death at the Elster ended the Saxon rebellion, which was endorsed by a longtime ally of Matilda of Tuscany. The issuer of the Dictatus Papae (dik-TAH-tus PAH-"pie") sought to root out clerical marriage and simony with namesake "reforms" during this century, forcing a recalcitrant emperor to wait for him in a hairshirt in the snow. For 10 points, name this century in which Gregory VII initiated the Gregorian Reforms and Henry IV walked to Canossa.
In this century, 200 new monasteries were founded following the Hirsau Reforms devised by the monk William of Hirsau (rhymes with "BEER now").
Eleventh Century C.E. [or the 1000s C.E.]