It's not refractive index, but handheld devices for measuring this quantity are often calibrated using a specific gravity reference value of 1.0264.
McDougall et al. developed a global algorithm to estimate this quantity's "absolute" form, which is used with the TEOS-10 standard. It's not refractive index, but handheld devices for measuring this quantity are often calibrated using a specific gravity reference value of 1.0264. Gradients in temperature and this quantity drive the Meridional Overturning Circulation. This quantity's "practical" form has a typical value of thirty-five and is defined as the ratio of the (*) conductivity of a given sample to that of a reference solution of potassium chloride. This quantity increases dramatically when traveling from the tidal limit of a river to the mouth of an estuary. For 10 points, identify this quantity that remains constant along isohaline lines and measures the concentration of dissolved ions in seawater.
McDougall et al. developed a global algorithm to estimate this quantity's "absolute" form, which is used with the TEOS-10 standard.
salinity [accept equivalents, such as  salt concentration or the  amount of salt dissolved in water]