A state exhibitsthis property if its Schmidt rank is strictly greater than 1, and Fitzi et al. exploited this phenomenon to solve the Byzantineagreement problem.
A standard way of realizing this phenomenon with photons is through the use of spontaneous parametric down-conversion.This phenomenon cannot increase when performing transformations which fall into the LOCC paradigm class. A state exhibitsthis property if its Schmidt rank is strictly greater than 1, and Fitzi et al. exploited this phenomenon to solve the Byzantineagreement problem. Nielsen and Harrow showed in 2003 that it is possible to classically simulate separable gates, which aregates that do not induce this phenomenon, which is generated by the c-not and Hadamard gates. The "dense coding" strategyin quantum communication theory relies on using this phenomenon. The simplest states which maximally exhibit this phenomenonare known as Bell states, and EPR pairs exhibit this phenomenon, which Einstein derisively called "spooky action ata distance." For 10 points, identify this phenomenon in which quantum systems are correlated in such a way that their statesare described by reference to each other.
A standard way of realizing this phenomenon with photons is through the use of spontaneous parametric down-conversion.
quantum entanglement