" This thinker is the alphabetically-prior creator of a theory that states that A is explained by B, if and only if B contains at least one general law and A can be deduced from B. This author of "Vagueness and Logic" co-created the (*) "covering law" or deductive-nomological model of explanation with Paul Oppenheim.
One of this thinker's papers attempts to adapt Max Black's "consistency of application" gradation test for the title concept, while still accounting for its "purely semiotic character." He attempted to repair the problem of the "ambiguity of statistical explanation" through his criterion of "maximal specificity." This thinker is the alphabetically-prior creator of a theory that states that A is explained by B, if and only if B contains at least one general law and A can be deduced from B. This author of "Vagueness and Logic" co-created the (*) "covering law" or deductive-nomological model of explanation with Paul Oppenheim. This philosopher's most famous paper rejects Nicod's criterion by demonstrating that using it would result in every observation providing evidence either for or against a hypothesis. For 10 points, identify this logical empiricist and author of "Studies in the Logic of Confirmation," in which was formulated his namesake "raven paradox."
One of this thinker's papers attempts to adapt Max Black's "consistency of application" gradation test for the title concept, while still accounting for its "purely semiotic character."
Carl Gustav Hempel