For 10 points, name this British computer scientist.
With an old college friend named D. G. Champernowne, this man developed one of the first chess programs. Alan Perlis won the first annual award named for this person, who was working at the National Physical Laboratory when he designed the ACE, or automatic computing engine. A busy beaver is an example of a construct named for this man that combines a finite set of instructions with an infinitely long tape. CAPTCHAs are examples of a type of test named for this man that tries to distinguish between humans and machines. While working at Bletchley Park, this homosexual cracked the Enigma machine. For 10 points, name this British computer scientist.
With an old college friend named D. G. Champernowne, this man developed one of the first chess programs.
Alan Turing 