For 10 points, name this type of reasoning employed by Hume in which one infers a conclusion based on specific examples, unlike in deductive reasoning.
A critique of this concept based on an urn full of black balls that taste like licorice was put forward by Wesley C Salmon. Reichenbach provided a pragmatic justification of this concept, which is amplitative but not demonstrative. One philosopher argued that this concept relies on nature being governed by unchanging laws, which does not have a basis in demonstrative or probable reasoning. That philosopher proposed a skeptical solution to the (*) "problem" of this concept. Richard Rudner argued that this concept should be used to form a sufficient reason. For 10 points, name this type of reasoning employed by Hume in which one infers a conclusion based on specific examples, unlike in deductive reasoning.
A critique of this concept based on an urn full of black balls that taste like licorice was put forward by Wesley C Salmon.
induction [or inductive reasoning; or inductive inference]