A change in this quantity causes a shift in the position of the near-edge of an X-ray absorption spectrum.
This quantity has a negative trend with isotope shift, and along with nuclear spin state, is the primary information obtained when using MÃ¶ssbauer spectroscopy on iron complexes. A change in this quantity causes a shift in the position of the near-edge of an X-ray absorption spectrum. The free energy of a species at various pH values is plotted against this quantity on a (*) Frost diagram. Albert Stock devised the modern nomenclature used to depict this quantity, which uses Roman numerals enclosed in parentheses. This quantity, which is similar to formal charge, has a value of +7 [plus seven] for manganese in the permanganate ion. For 10 points, name this typically integer quantity, which describes how many electrons have been removed from an atom. 
This quantity has a negative trend with isotope shift, and along with nuclear spin state, is the primary information obtained when using MÃ¶ssbauer spectroscopy on iron complexes.
oxidation state [or oxidation number]