Maxwell proposed a thought experiment in which sorting air molecules seems to violate this law.
One version of this law states that heat cannot flow spontaneously from low temperature to high temperature. Another version of this law states that it is impossible to convert heat completely into work in a cyclic process. Maxwell proposed a thought experiment in which sorting air molecules seems to violate this law. For 10 points, identify this law, credited to French physicist Sadi Carnot, which states that in a closed system, a process that occurs will tend to increase the total entropy of the universe.
One version of this law states that heat cannot flow spontaneously from low temperature to high temperature.
Second Law of Thermodynamics [those versions were by Lord Kelvin (William Thompson) and Rudolf Clausius, respectively]