The classical equation for calculating this quantity includes terms for Avogadro's number, the Born exponent, and the (*) anionic and cationic charge numbers.
One equation for calculating this quantity was derived by replacing a certain constant from the classic method of calculating this quantity with 0.87 times the number of ions in the empirical formula. That modified equation for finding this quantity is fixed for mono-valent radii, includes a term for the averaged MadÂ·eÂ·lung constant, and is named for KaÂ·pusÂ·tinÂ·skii. The classical equation for calculating this quantity includes terms for Avogadro's number, the Born exponent, and the (*) anionic and cationic charge numbers. Since this quantity cannot be measured directly, it may also be calculated by subtracting four terms from the net enthalpy of formation in the Born-Haber cycle. This quantity becomes more negative for ions with higher charge values and that are closer together. For 10 points, name this quantity, symbolized U, equal to the energy released by a crystal forming from infinitely separated ions.
One equation for calculating this quantity was derived by replacing a certain constant from the classic method of calculating this quantity with 0.87 times the number of ions in the empirical formula.
lattice energy [or lattice enthalpy, or energy of crystallization, or enthalpy of crystallization; prompt on "energy"; do not prompt on or accept any other type of "enthalpy" other than what is listed] 