Acid-catalyzed addition of this compound to an acetal gives a carbonyl.  
The partition coefficient is commonly defined using octanol and this compound. Reaction of a protonated nitrile with this compound gives an imidic acid, which tautomerizes to an amide. Acid-catalyzed addition of this compound to an acetal gives a carbonyl.  This compound can be removed from a sample by using silica gel, which is an example of a desiccant. The solid-liquid line on the phase diagram of this compound slopes downwards, and it expands in volume as it freezes. The reaction of an Arrhenius base with an Arrhenius acid will always produce one molecule of this compound. For 10 points, name this compound with a pH of 7 and chemical formula H2O.
The partition coefficient is commonly defined using octanol and this compound.
water