General American has five rising, closing ones; four of those developed from Middle English long vowels in the Great Vowel Shift.
Marshallese has 24 of these sounds because back and round became secondary articulations on adjacent sounds, leaving a vertical system of height and ATR. On a spectrogram, these sounds show a gradual slope in F1 or F2. Breaking produces these sounds. Chomsky and Halle postulate in SPE that these underlyingly tense sounds are transformed synchronically by 3-way shift and glide insertion rules. Canadian raising affects these sounds before voiceless obstruents. Like geminates, these sounds take two timing slots; unlike (*) hiatus, which requires two syllables, they have a branching nucleus. Non-rhotic British dialects have centering ones. These sounds are drawn as arrows on a trapezoid diagram. General American has five rising, closing ones; four of those developed from Middle English long vowels in the Great Vowel Shift. For 10 points, give the term for a complex vowel in one syllable that transitions between two vowels.
Marshallese has 24 of these sounds because back and round became secondary articulations on adjacent sounds, leaving a vertical system of height and ATR.
diphthongs [prompt on vowels or long vowels until "hiatus" is read]