One kind of this phenomenon was studied by E. Morton Jellinek.
Besides founding Johns Hopkins Hospital, William Stewart Halsted famously experienced this phenomenon for most of his career. This phenomenon depends on the Delta FosB gene. One kind of this phenomenon was studied by E. Morton Jellinek. An experiment on this phenomenon was partially conducted by Barry Beyerstein, Robert Coambs, and Patricia Hadaway at Simon Fraser University. This phenomenon was studied using rational choice theory by Kevin Murphy and Gary Becker. Rats supposedly avoided this phenomenon if given nice living conditions in Bruce (*) Alexander's Rat Park experiment. One of these phenomena was once called "dipsomania." In this phenomenon, extra dopamine is gained by hijacking the reward pathway. When this phenomenon involves a dependence, ending it can involve painful withdrawal symptoms. For10 points, name this compulsion to repeat an enjoyable but destructive behavior like gambling or drugs.
Besides founding Johns Hopkins Hospital, William Stewart Halsted famously experienced this phenomenon for most of his career.
addiction [accept more specific answers like drug addiction; antiÂ­prompt on "alcoholism"]