This was the first crusade to be carried out without papal support, since its leader had been excommunicated by Gregory IX for his constant delays.
During this crusade, its leader received an embassy under the command of his friend Fakhr-ad-Din, and sent back a series of questions on geometry and number theory, which that leader's counterpart gave to his scholars to answer. This crusade's leader forcibly took over John of Ibelin's control of Cyprus, leading to the War of the Lombards. Prior to this crusade, its leader repeatedly obtained postponements from Honorius III, despite having taken the cross during his coronation. That leader of this crusade would later take the cross again from Ugolino of Ostia, with whom he would clash when the latter became pope. While this crusade was getting underway, the death of al-Mu'azzzam, (*) the governor of Damascus, prompted French crusaders to fortify the island of Qal'at al-Bahr. This was the first crusade to be carried out without papal support, since its leader had been excommunicated by Gregory IX for his constant delays. This crusade mostly passed without any actual battles, as its leader, Frederick II, negotiated with al-Malik, the Sultan's nephew, for possession of Jerusalem. For 10 points, name this crusade which both preceded and followed crusades focusing on Damietta.
During this crusade, its leader received an embassy under the command of his friend Fakhr-ad-Din, and sent back a series of questions on geometry and number theory, which that leader's counterpart gave to his scholars to answer.
Sixth Crusade