The ruler of this empire proclaimed himself the protector of 300 million Muslims and ceremoniously rode through the Jaffa Gate during an 1893 trip to Jerusalem.
This empire built a Dome of the Rock-style mosque in the "Half Moon Camp," where efforts to get POWs excited about waging a jihad were directed by the archaeologist who unearthed Tell-Hallaf. The ruler of this empire proclaimed himself the protector of 300 million Muslims and ceremoniously rode through the Jaffa Gate during an 1893 trip to Jerusalem. A consortium of banks from this empire financed the Baghdad Railway. Troops of this (*) European empire were defeated at the Battle of Beersheba by Edward Allenby. This empire's ruler met with Sultan Abdulaziz in 1905, and it sent the gunboat Panther to Agadir in 1911, sparking the First and Second Moroccan Crises respectively. For 10 points, name this European empire that, under Wilhelm II, allied with the Ottomans during World War I.
This empire built a Dome of the Rock-style mosque in the "Half Moon Camp," where efforts to get POWs excited about waging a jihad were directed by the archaeologist who unearthed Tell-Hallaf.
German Empire [or Germany; or Deutschland]