In humans, these processes are regulated by inputs from photosensitive ganglion cells in the retina that are passed to a structure in the hypothalamus.
A key gene in humans that governs these processes is Arntl, which is a homolog of the Drosophila gene cyc. In Drosophila, Konopka and Benzer discovered the gene per, mutations in which can alter the duration of these processes. Errors in the protein TIM lead to an inability to respond to environmental cues called zeitgebers, which help entrain their associated behaviors. In humans, these processes are regulated by inputs from photosensitive ganglion cells in the retina that are passed to a structure in the hypothalamus. That structure, the suprachiasmatic nucleus controls these processes by sending signals to other hypothalamic nuclei and to the pineal gland to control the production of melatonin. For 10 points, name these approximately 24-hour cycles of behavioral and biochemical processes in organisms.
A key gene in humans that governs these processes is Arntl, which is a homolog of the Drosophila gene cyc.
circadian rhythms