For 10 points, identify this discipline of the social sciences which commonly involves excavation.
Lewis Binford applied Merton's middle-range theories to this activity, whose methodologies are governed by the eponymous Wheeler-Kenyon Rules. A businessman who partook in this discipline was funded by Frank Calvert and took a picture of his wife Sophia after working at Hisarlik. The Antikythera mechanism was first studied by practitioners of the maritime type of this field. Subfields of this discipline include garbology. This discipline links Austin Henry Layard with Nineveh, Sir Arthur Evans with Knossos and the amateur Heinrich Schliemann with Troy. For 10 points, identify this discipline of the social sciences which commonly involves excavation.
Lewis Binford applied Merton's middle-range theories to this activity, whose methodologies are governed by the eponymous Wheeler-Kenyon Rules.
archaeology [on the first clue, accept garbology, but that's kind of unlikely. Prompt on excavating things before the end, or similar answers. Gleefully accept amateur archaeology]