Allyl derivatives of this element can be reacted with ketones in the presence of Lewis acids to generate betaÂ­gammaÂ­unsaturated alcohols in the Sakurai reaction.
Electrophilic arylÂ­derivatives of this element can undergo ipso substitution where the sigmaÂ­complex is broken down by nucleophilic attack on this element. Allyl derivatives of this element can be reacted with ketones in the presence of Lewis acids to generate betaÂ­gammaÂ­unsaturated alcohols in the Sakurai reaction. The Hiyama reaction couples RÂ­groups attached to this element to aryl and vinyl iodides under palladium catalysis. This element stabilizes carbo∙cat∙ions that are beta to it. The strength of the single bond between this element and (*) fluorine is 582 kilojoules per mole, which is why hydrofluoric acid attacks compounds of this element so well. Enol ethers of this element can be used as nucleophiles in aldol and Michael reactions. Hydrogens attached to this element commonly have negative chemical shifts in NMR, where a tetramethyl derivative of this element is used as a reference standard. For 10 points, name this element whose oxide composes glass, the second element in the carbon group.
Electrophilic arylÂ­derivatives of this element can undergo ipso substitution where the sigmaÂ­complex is broken down by nucleophilic attack on this element.
silicon [or Si]