This non-Jewish philosopher's belief that all humans share a single consciousness, which is called (*) "monopsychism," was attacked by Thomas Aquinas in
According to Giles of Rome, this philosopher's sons spread his ideas to the court of Frederick II Hohenstaufen, where they lived. The school of thought named for him was coined by Ernest Renan's doctoral thesis. He claimed that humans were generated by the actualization of earth by celestial bodies, against an opponent's support of spontaneous generation. He wrote a treatise claiming that the study of philosophy was commanded by Divine Law, and therefore not blasphemous. This non-Jewish philosopher's belief that all humans share a single consciousness, which is called (*) "monopsychism," was attacked by Thomas Aquinas in On the Unity of the Intellect. This author of the Decisive Treatise was commissioned by Ibn Tufayl to summarize Aristotle in the commentaries he produced over three decades. For 10 points, name this Arabic philosopher who defended philosophy against the attacks of Al-Ghazali in his The Incoherence of the Incoherence.
According to Giles of Rome, this philosopher's sons spread his ideas to the court of Frederick II Hohenstaufen, where they lived.
Averroes [or Abū l-Walīd Muḥammad Ibn ʾAḥmad Ibn Rushd] 