Charles Taylor, in Sources of the Self, argues that this thinker's use of the term "natural affection" shows the Enlightenment transformation of the Stoic ethic of harmony into an ethic of benevolence.
This thinker compared human society to organized systems like "a tree with all its branches"; and he separated out the "private good" of self-interest from the "real good" that benefits all of humanity. Charles Taylor, in Sources of the Self, argues that this thinker's use of the term "natural affection" shows the Enlightenment transformation of the Stoic ethic of harmony into an ethic of benevolence. He is the subject of the third dialogue of Berkeley's Alciphron, following that text's attack on (*) Bernard de Mandeville. Against his teacher's conception of externally-imposed morality, he argued that to be virtuous is to recognize and follow the objective ordering of the world in his treatise The Moralists, which joins An Inquiry Concerning Virtue or Merit in his major collection of five treatises. For 10 points, name this author of Characteristics of Men, Manners, Opinions, and Times, a student of John Locke, and the grandson of Locke's aristocratic patron.
This thinker compared human society to organized systems like "a tree with all its branches"; and he separated out the "private good" of self-interest from the "real good" that benefits all of humanity.
Anthony Ashley Cooper, 3rd Earl of Shaftesbury [accept either underlined portion]