The outgoing intensity of Rayleigh scattering of light off a molecule is proportional to this power of the molecule's polarizability.
The outgoing intensity of Rayleigh scattering of light off a molecule is proportional to this power of the molecule's polarizability. For each component of a system's Hamiltonian proportional to a degree of freedom raised to this power, there exists one-half times Boltzmann's constant times temperature amount of energy in the system according to the equipartition theorem. This is the total number of quarks and antiquarks in a (*) meson, and it's also the number of up quarks in a proton. In classical mechanics, the kinetic energy of a particle is equal to one half times the mass times the velocity raised to this power. The law of thermodynamics of this number states entropy always increases in a closed system. For 10 points, Newton's law of what number states F equals M A.
The outgoing intensity of Rayleigh scattering of light off a molecule is proportional to this power of the molecule's polarizability.
2 [or second, etc.]