This practice was protested against by the Catonsville Nine.
This practice was protested against by the Catonsville Nine. A jacket with a vulgar statement referencing this practice written on it was declared protected free speech in the Supreme Court case Cohen v. California. Soldiers led by John Wool put down a riot against this practice that burned down an African-American orphanage. Partially because wealthy Americans could avoid it by paying $300, an 1863 riot occurred against this practice in New York City. Jimmy Carter controversially pardoned people who "dodged" this practice by living in Canada. For 10 points, name this practice that provided most of the American army's personnel during the Vietnam War. 
This practice was protested against by the Catonsville Nine.
the military draft [or conscription; or the Selective Service System] 