For 10 points, name this program responsible for Sputnik and Yuri Gagarin's (guh-GAHR-in) spaceflight.
Description Acceptable. Sheldon names were used by some to refer to the achievements of this endeavor, while other names include East and Sunrise. One participant in this program, Arnaldo Tamayo (tuh-MY-oh) Mendez, later joined the Cuban National Assembly. A motorcade celebrating participants of this program was attacked by an army deserter wielding two pistols. The largest conventional detonation at the time occurred during a test of the (*) N1 for this program. One effort of this program, whose earliest participants were called the Vanguard Six, was timed with the International Geophysical Year; that effort led to the founding of ARPA in the United States. This program was based from the Baikonur (BYE-koh-nur) Cosmodrome, and its missions included Vostok 1 and Soyuz. For 10 points, name this program responsible for Sputnik and Yuri Gagarin's (guh-GAHR-in) spaceflight.
Description Acceptable. Sheldon names were used by some to refer to the achievements of this endeavor, while other names include East and Sunrise.
Soviet space program [accept Cosmonaut program; accept more specific answers like Sputnik before they're mentioned; accept Russian instead of Soviet because who are we kidding]