This king's scriptorium produced an illuminated manuscript on strategy in dice, backgammon, and chess called the Book of Games.
This king established a caste of urban-dwelling "villein knights" who were granted exemption from taxes in exchange for military service. This king finally gave up on ambitions to become Holy Roman Emperor due to Marinid invasion, after which he fought a civil war against his nobles and son. This king's scriptorium produced an illuminated manuscript on strategy in dice, backgammon, and chess called the Book of Games. This king consolidated revenue by granting a monopoly in exchange for tax collection to a guild of (*) sheep herders called the Mesta. This king gathered scholars to produce a series of astronomical tables that were the most popular in Europe for 300 years. He wrote poetry in Galician, but is better known for encourage the use of Castilian as a language of higher learning. For 10 points, identify this king of Castile called "The Wise."
This king established a caste of urban-dwelling "villein knights" who were granted exemption from taxes in exchange for military service.
Alfonso X [or Alfonso the Wise or Alfonso el Sabio until "Wise" is read]