The antibiotic chloramphenicol is one of the few naturally occurring compounds containing one of these groups.
An alkane containing this group can react with a carbonyl compound in a nearly identical mechanism to the aldol reaction. Pyridine reacts with a compound with two of these groups in the first step of the Zincke reaction. The antibiotic chloramphenicol is one of the few naturally occurring compounds containing one of these groups. An alkane containing this group is hydrolyzed into a carbonyl in the (*) Nef reaction. The Bartoli indole synthesis starts with a molecule of toluene with one of these groups. The presence of this group on a ring promotes nucleophilic aromatic substitution, and is the strongest deactivating group that isn't a quaternary amine. Aniline forms as a result of the reduction of benzenes containing this group, which is added using a mixture of sulfuric and nitric acid. Picric acid contains three of these groups, and three of these groups are found on toluene derivative TNT. For 10 points, name this group with a propensity to explode, with formula -NO2.
An alkane containing this group can react with a carbonyl compound in a nearly identical mechanism to the aldol reaction.
nitro group [accept NO2 before mention; do not accept "nitrite"] 