Another pope of this name issued the only encyclical ever written in German, Mit brennender Sorge, to condemn Nazism, and an earlier pope of this name established as dogma the (*) immaculate conception of the Virgin Mary.
One pope of this name increased papal control of the French church by convincing Louis XI to repeal the Pragmatic Sanction of Bourges. That pope, the second of this name, also wrote a novel called The Tale of Two Lovers. Another pope of this name issued the only encyclical ever written in German, Mit brennender Sorge, to condemn Nazism, and an earlier pope of this name established as dogma the (*) immaculate conception of the Virgin Mary. For 10 points, give the name shared by these popes, the eleventh of whom gave up claims to the Papal States but secured the sovereignty of Vatican City in the Lateran Pact and the ninth and longest serving of whom defined the doctrine of papal infallibility.
One pope of this name increased papal control of the French church by convincing Louis XI to repeal the Pragmatic Sanction of Bourges.
Pius