In their least ordered phase, molecules lie in the same direction but have ends that are not aligned, which is called nematic, and more ordered phases include cholesteric and smectic.
George Gray developed the cyano-bipheny type of these, which were surprisingly stable considering their phase type. The Onsager model predicts phase transitions of these based on concentration, and Friedrich Reinitzer is considered their discoverer. In their least ordered phase, molecules lie in the same direction but have ends that are not aligned, which is called nematic, and more ordered phases include cholesteric and smectic. These rod- shaped materials flow, but are packed with a high degree of order. For ten points, name these substances found in its namesake display in computer and television screens.
George Gray developed the cyano-bipheny type of these, which were surprisingly stable considering their phase type.
{liquid crystal}s