One essay cites this thinker's image of "the iron hand of necessity shaking the dice-box of chance" to describe the boundary of the "effective" form of history.
One essay cites this thinker's image of "the iron hand of necessity shaking the dice-box of chance" to describe the boundary of the "effective" form of history. That essay claims that this thinker fought against an "apocalyptic objectivity" by using the concepts of "emergence" and "descent." This thinker criticized Eduard von Hartmann for a teleology that entails the "sacrifice of individuality." This thinker referred to his countrymen as "wandering encyclopedias," pointing to their excessive "inwardness" in comparison to the Ancient Greeks. This thinker articulated the (*) "critical," "monumental," and "antiquarian" approaches to historical study, in an essay titled for its "uses and abuses," which appears as the second of his Untimely Meditations. For 10 points, name this philosopher of history, whose concept of "eternal recurrence" appears in his book The Gay Science. 
One essay cites this thinker's image of "the iron hand of necessity shaking the dice-box of chance" to describe the boundary of the "effective" form of history.
Friedrich (Wilhelm) Nietzsche