His compositions were collected by his widow in Orpheus Britannicus, whose preface was written by a son of this man's contemporary and friend John Playford.  
Benjamin Britten based his Young Persons's Guide to the Orchestra on the theme of this man's Abdelazar.  This man's mentor composed the masque Venus and Adonis and was named John Blow.  His compositions were collected by his widow in Orpheus Britannicus, whose preface was written by a son of this man's contemporary and friend John Playford.  He composed operas based on King Arthur and Spenser's The Faerie Queen, and another of his operas contained the noted aria "When I am Laid in Earth."  For 10 points, name this English Baroque composer of Dido and Aeneas.
Benjamin Britten based his Young Persons's Guide to the Orchestra on the theme of this man's Abdelazar.  
Henry {Purcell}