It's not work, but the German "arbeit" provides the origin of the letter A used to denote this quantity.
The Bennett acceptance ratio technique estimates the difference in this quantity between states. This quantity is located opposite one symbolized H in the Born square mnemonic. Subtracting chemical potential times particle number from this quantity gives the grand potential. In the canonical ensemble, computing negative kT times the natural logarithm of the partition function gives this quantity, whose natural variables are temperature and (*) volume. It's not work, but the German "arbeit" provides the origin of the letter A used to denote this quantity. This quantity, which is defined as internal energy minus temperature times entropy, measures the amount of useful work that can be extracted from a system at constant volume and temperature. For 10 points, name this type of energy, which is equal to PV plus a similar quantity named for Gibbs.
The Bennett acceptance ratio technique estimates the difference in this quantity between states.
Helmholtz free energy [prompt on free energy; prompt on F; prompt on A before mention; do not accept "Gibbs free energy"]