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A papal approval for a crusade prompted the Desmond rebellion in this polity. Its National Land League sought rights for tenant farmers, and its "National Invincibles" killed Thomas Henry Burke and Lord Cavendish in this country's Phoenix Park murders. One event here hit its low point during "Black '47" and saw its citizens escape via (*) "coffin boats." The Troubles, a terrorist struggle over six counties in its north, led to the formation of its namesake Republican Army. For 10 points, name this island, home to the Easter Uprising and a namesake potato famine.
A papal approval for a crusade prompted the Desmond rebellion in this polity.
Ireland