For 10 points, name this vector quantity defined as mass times velocity.
The conservation of this quantity is a consequence of the translational invariance of the Lagrangian, and this quantity is canonically conjugate to position. The kinetic energy of a particle is equal to this quantity squared divided by two times the mass. Impulse is the change in this quantity. Newton's second law states that the time derivative of this quantity is equal to net force. The net value for this quantity in a system, along with the value of kinetic energy, is conserved in an elastic collision. For 10 points, name this vector quantity defined as mass times velocity.
The conservation of this quantity is a consequence of the translational invariance of the Lagrangian, and this quantity is canonically conjugate to position.
linear {momentum} [do not accept or prompt on “angular momentum”]