That work that opposed this approach stated that it assumes that past politicians hold the views of current ones and that drawing (*) "lines of causation" leads to ignoring true cause and effect relationships; that work is by Herbert Butterfield, who intended this term as a pejorative.
A "new" version of this approach was advocated by Annabel Patterson in the book Nobody's Perfect. JGA Pocock stated that one person who derided this approach contradicts himself in a later work, which he dubbed the "problem" of that author. Lord Acton and George MacCauley Trevelyan were either directly or indirectly accused of using this approach in one work, which advocates the use of an "alternative line of approach". That work that opposed this approach stated that it assumes that past politicians hold the views of current ones and that drawing (*) "lines of causation" leads to ignoring true cause and effect relationships; that work is by Herbert Butterfield, who intended this term as a pejorative. For 10 points, name this interpretation of history opposed to Toryism, which states that societies inevitably move towards enlightenment, liberal democracy, and constitutional monarchy.
A "new" version of this approach was advocated by Annabel Patterson in the book
The {Whig} Interpretation of History or The {Whiggish} interpretation of history