For 10 points, name this action, where people are required to serve in the military.
A Supreme Court decision upholding this practice relied on a Pennsylvania state decision in Kneedler v. Lane and heavily cited Emerich de Vattel's The Law of Nations. U.S. v. O'Brien determined laws against one method of protesting this practice to be illegal, and when introduced in the U.S., it could be avoided by paying a(*) $300 fee or hiring a substitute, leading to a riot in New York City. Vietnam War protesters opposed this practice by burning the cards requiring them to participate in it. For 10 points, name this action, where people are required to serve in the military.
A Supreme Court decision upholding this practice relied on a Pennsylvania state decision in Kneedler v. Lane and heavily cited Emerich de Vattel's The Law of Nations.
{Conscription} [or “the {draft},” or obvious equivalents like “{forcing people to join the military}, prompt on “{joining the army},” “{enlisting},” or equivalents]