Given as the gradient of a scalar potential, for ten points, identify this physical quantity whose divergence is the free charge density and whose inverse-square force is given by Coulomb's law.
In the Kerr effect, the induced birefringence is proportional to the square of this quantity. Unlike its counterpart, it is symmetric under time inversion and anti-symmetric under space inversion, and boundary conditions state that its normal component must be zero across an interface between materials. For a dipole configuration, this quantity falls off in the far regime as the inverse cube of the distance, and the path integral around a closed contour of this quantity is zero, while its curl is equal to the time derivative of the magnetic flux. Given as the gradient of a scalar potential, for ten points, identify this physical quantity whose divergence is the free charge density and whose inverse-square force is given by Coulomb's law.
In the Kerr effect, the induced birefringence is proportional to the square of this quantity.
{electric} field