Lindenberg and Ross examined it "and Industrial Organization," while Salinger studied the relation between it and barriers to entry, which prevents this value from converging to a constant.
A 1982 paper by Fumio Hayashi offers a "Neo-Classical Interpretation" of the average value of this economic quantity and its marginal value, concluding that the average value suffices for empirical testing in certain conditions. Lindenberg and Ross examined it "and Industrial Organization," while Salinger studied the relation between it and barriers to entry, which prevents this value from converging to a constant. First introduced as part of a theory expounded by William Brainard, this is defined as the market value of a given firm divided by the replacement value of its assets – when it's less than 1, the market is undervaluing a company's recorded assets and low investment levels are predicted. It was proposed by a man who also developed a ►namesake tax on currency transfers. FTP, name this measure invented by James Tobin in 1969, a ratio titled after a certain letter.
A 1982 paper by Fumio Hayashi offers a "Neo-Classical Interpretation" of the average value of this economic quantity and its marginal value, concluding that the average value suffices for empirical testing in certain conditions.
{Q} ratio