For electrons in a metal, this value coincides with the Fermi level, while generally it is the derivative of free energy with respect to particle number.
The negative exponential of "this quantity over RT" appears in the denominator of the FermiÂ–Dirac integral. It's not magnetic flux, but this quantity can become "pinned" to a particular value near a metalÂ­semiconductor junction. This quantity, temperature, and volume are held fixed in the grand canonical ensemble. Dimensionless fugacity equals the exponential of this quantity over RT. This value is constrained to be exactly (*) zero below the critical temperature of a BoseÂ–Einstein condensate. This quantity, pressure, and temperature are equalized across a liquidÂ–vapor phase boundary. For electrons in a metal, this value coincides with the Fermi level, while generally it is the derivative of free energy with respect to particle number. For 10 points, name this energy cost of adding an additional particle to a system.
The negative exponential of "this quantity over RT" appears in the denominator of the FermiÂ–Dirac integral.
chemical potential [accept Fermi level or Fermi energy until "Fermi level" is read]