Foucault used one to demonstrate Earth‘s rotation.
One was a component of a seismometer used by Han dynasty scientist Zhang Heng. Robert Hooke suggested one could  be used to measure the force of gravity.Pierre Bouguer used one the produce measurements used to estimate the density  of the Earth. Foucault used one to demonstrate Earth‘s rotation. Galileo found their periods were independent of both  swing amplitude and mass. FTP, name this device, commonly found in metronomes and grandfather clocks, consisting  of a freely swinging weight on a rod.
One was a component of a seismometer used by Han dynasty scientist Zhang Heng.
pendulum