Signal versus noise in this phenomenon is the subject of a 1984 paper by Kevin Trenberth.
Signal versus noise in this phenomenon is the subject of a 1984 paper by Kevin Trenberth. Regions named for this  phenomenon include "one plus two," "three," "three-point-four," and "four." Total cloudiness fraction of the sky is one of  six variables used in a multivariate index of this phenomenon. With the redefinition of the criteria for this phenomenon in  2003, a "similar but different," or "Modoki," form of it was discovered. Due to the associated increase in vertical wind  shear, this phenomenon can depress the formation of (*) Atlantic hurricanes. Its atmospheric component is evaluated using the  air pressure difference between Tahiti and Darwin. It's caused by a weakened Walker circulation. This phenomenon suppresses  coastal upwelling off the coast of Peru, destroying anchovy harvests. For 10 points, name this phenomenon that causes a rise in  surface temperature in the eastern equatorial Pacific and whose name comes from the Spanish for "little boy."
Signal versus noise in this phenomenon is the subject of a 1984 paper by Kevin Trenberth.
El Niño Southern Oscillation [or Southern Oscillation before “1+2” (prompt after); or ENSO; don’t take “La Niña”]