King Ugyen.
This modern-day country was first united by the Shabdrung, and it paid annuities to Britain for decades after losing the Duar War. This country was ruled for centuries by  desis and  je khenpos until a monarchy was declared by (*) King Ugyen. This country requires all citizens to wear its traditional loose robes, an issue for Hindu migrants living in its semi-tropical South. This country transitioned to democracy under King Jigme Namgyal Whangchuck, whose father coined the term "gross national happiness". This country's name comes from a Sanskrit word meaning "land bordering Tibet". For Ten Points, name this country with its capital at Thimphu.
This modern-day country was first united by the Shabdrung, and it paid annuities to Britain for decades after losing the Duar War.
Kingdom of  Bhutan