For 10 points, name this quantity measured in Joules per Kelvin, which is symbolized S and represents disorder.
The mechanical balance equation over this quantity is actually an inequality. A Carnot cycle is a rectangle on a plot of it against temperature. Processes where this quantity changes don't obey time reversal symmetry. The change in this quantity for a reservoir equals the heat over the (*) temperature of the reservoir. Separating a tepid stream into a hot and a cold stream decreases this quantity without added work. Irreversible processes cause it to increase due to inefficiencies, as shown by the Second Law of Thermodynamics. For 10 points, name this quantity measured in Joules per Kelvin, which is symbolized S and represents disorder.
The mechanical balance equation over this quantity is actually an inequality.
entropy [or S until it is read]