For 10 points, name this Eastern European country that, from 1569 to 1795, was part of a commonwealth with Lithuania with capitals at Kraków and Warsaw.
This country became famous for its ornate winged hussar cavalry during the 16th through 18th centuries. A king of this nation that extended royal protection to Jews and invested in his country's first university was Casimir III. This country's failure to turn back a Russian invasion led to its occupation in (*) 1795, and while Napoleon freed this nation in 1807, it saw itself partitioned again in 1815 during the Congress of Vienna. For 10 points, name this Eastern European country that, from 1569 to 1795, was part of a commonwealth with Lithuania with capitals at Kraków and Warsaw.
This country became famous for its ornate winged hussar cavalry during the 16th through 18th centuries.
Republic of Poland [accept “Rzeczpospolita Polska”]