Most commonly, this reaction is heterogeneously catalyzed using solid palladium on carbon, platinum oxide, or Raney nickel.
Molecules which contain a stericallyÂ­hindered frustrated Lewis acidÂ­base pair, like phosphineÂ­boranes, can be used to catalyze a variant of this reaction through the formation of an active zwitterionic species. One catalyst of this reaction contains a pair of diphenyl∙phosphinoÂ­naphthyl groups attached at the 1Â­positions, gaining chirality due to an increased barrier to rotation in the naphthylÂ–naphthyl single bond. That BINAP ligand is used in the Noyori asymmetric variant of this reaction. Another homogenous catalyst for this process contains iridium(I) ("one") coordinated to pyridine, phosphine, and cyclooctadiene ligands; that is (*) Crabtree's catalyst, an improvement on Wilkinson's rhodiumÂ­based method. Most commonly, this reaction is heterogeneously catalyzed using solid palladium on carbon, platinum oxide, or Raney nickel. It often transforms double and triple bonds to single bonds. For 10 points, name this reaction that involves adding hydrogen gas to reduce multiple bonds.
Molecules which contain a stericallyÂ­hindered frustrated Lewis acidÂ­base pair, like phosphineÂ­boranes, can be used to catalyze a variant of this reaction through the formation of an active zwitterionic species.
hydrogenation 