This operation involves subtracting the time derivative of an arbitrary scalar function from the scalar potential and adding the gradient of that scalar function to the vector potential.
When deriving the Aharonov-Bohm effect, it is noted that the difference in phase between the two electron beams is invariant under this operation. This operation corresponds with rotating a vector for a given quark in color space in Yang-Mills theory. This operation, which corresponds to moving between two different sections of a principal bundle, leads to the conservation of (*) charge according to Noether's theorem. These operations, which form a Lie group of their associated theory, leave the action invariant. This operation involves subtracting the time derivative of an arbitrary scalar function from the scalar potential and adding the gradient of that scalar function to the vector potential. For 10 points, name this type of operation used in field theory which modifies the potentials without changing the fields.
When deriving the Aharonov-Bohm effect, it is noted that the difference in phase between the two electron beams is invariant under this operation.
gauge transformation [or changing your gauge]