A theory of this phenomenon claims it is a way to maximize (*) utility under full certainty and perfect information; that theory has been criticized by Ole Rogeberg as an example of how absurd choice theories are used for welfare analysis.
Peter Cohen criticized an experiment about this phenomenon for defining a lifestyle as "substitute" instead of "genuine." That experiment placed its subjects in a space over 200 times larger than typical, and it found that the strength of this phenomenon varied if subjects were placed in a pleasant and stimulating environment versus a confining cage. A theory of this phenomenon claims it is a way to maximize (*) utility under full certainty and perfect information; that theory has been criticized by Ole Rogeberg as an example of how absurd choice theories are used for welfare analysis. The "personality" theory of this phenomenon relates it to mood disorders and and negative affect. Bruce Alexander studied it in Rat Park, and Gary Becker argues for a "rational" model of it. For 10 points, name this psychological phenomenon treated by various twelve-step programs.
Peter Cohen criticized an experiment about this phenomenon for defining a lifestyle as "substitute" instead of "genuine."
addiction [prompt on dependence]