For 10 points, name this process that comes in a "fractional" type, which is often used in laboratories to separate components of a solution based on their boiling points.
The pressure of the air above the substance in question is reduced in the "vacuum" form of this process, and azeotropes, which are solutions that deviate from Raoult's law, are impervious to the "simple" form of this process. The number of theoretical plates achieved determines the effectiveness of this process, and oil refineries use this process to isolate gasoline from crude oil. For 10 points, name this process that comes in a "fractional" type, which is often used in laboratories to separate components of a solution based on their boiling points.
The pressure of the air above the substance in question is reduced in the "vacuum" form of this process, and azeotropes, which are solutions that deviate from Raoult's law, are impervious to the "simple" form of this process.
{distillation} [accept word forms like {distilling}; accept types of distillations like {vacuum distillation} or {fractional distillation} or {simple distillation}]