For 10 points, name this branch of philosophy focused on reasoning, such as in statements like "if p then q."
This field of philosophy was worked on by Arthur Prior, who created its temporal branch. A paradox involving a sea battle was proposed by Aristotle in his Organaon, which consisted of six works in this field. Saul Kripke worked on the (*) modal branch of this field, while its simplest forms are its first-order and propositional branches. De Morgan's Laws are statements in this field, and George Boole studied a branch of this field in which operands are combined with "AND" or "OR" and can be only true or false. For 10 points, name this branch of philosophy focused on reasoning, such as in statements like "if p then q."
This field of philosophy was worked on by Arthur Prior, who created its temporal branch.
logic (prompt on “philosophy”; prompt on “mathematics” or “algebra”; accept specific types such as modal logic as long as they mention “logic”)