For vaporization, this quantity is equal to the (*) change in enthalpy over the boiling temperature.
Internal energy is minimized under conditions of constant particle number, volume, and this quantity. For an ideal gas undergoing an isothermal step, the change in this quantity is n R times the log of the ratio of volumes, and its change is zero for an adiabatic step. For vaporization, this quantity is equal to the (*) change in enthalpy over the boiling temperature. Boltzmann wrote this state function as his namesake constant times the log of the number of microstates, and it is symbolized uppercase S. For 10 points, name this state function that cannot decrease in any spontaneous process according to the Second Law of Thermodynamics.
Internal energy is minimized under conditions of constant particle number, volume, and this quantity.
entropy (accept S before read)