For 10 points, name this protein produced in the beta cells of the islets of Langerhans, whose secretion or function is impaired in diabetics.
An artificial form of this protein contains a myristic acid molecule bound to lysine B29. Mice with a particular mutation in carboxypeptidase E exhibit increased levels of the "pro-" form of this protein. This protein's signaling leads to the closure of the Kir6.2 potassium channel, which is also called the sulfonyurea receptor. Tumors secreting it can be diagnosed using a 72-hour fast. A disease in which this protein is lacking in the blood is caused by autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase. Measuring the C-peptide level is a way of distinguishing between artificial and natural forms of this hormone, which decreases the flux of fatty acids from adipose tissue and inhibits gluconeogenesis. For 10 points, name this protein produced in the beta cells of the islets of Langerhans, whose secretion or function is impaired in diabetics.
An artificial form of this protein contains a myristic acid molecule bound to lysine B29.
insulin