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This person's smoothing procedure was designed to predict the probability that an object belongs to an unknown species given some past observations; its result is a frequency distribution named for Good and this thinker. This scientist invented a unit called a ban to describe the results of his Banburismus procedure, which was later made obsolete by his and Welchman's design of "Bombes." One procedure named for this scientist was the subject of attack by the Blockhead, which Block claims can induce type I error; a more fundamental attack on the same criterion is John Searle's Chinese room experiment. For ten points, name this computer scientist who defined as intelligent any system that can fool an interrogator into thinking that it is human in his namesake test.
This person's smoothing procedure was designed to predict the probability that an object belongs to an unknown species given some past observations; its result is a frequency distribution named for Good and this thinker.
Alan Mathison {Turing}