For ten points, name this process which results in the formation of new species.
Goatsbeard plants of the genus Tragopogon are a model for one form of this process, which involves the formation of autopolyploid and allopolyploid organisms. Prezygotic and postzygotic barriers facilitate this process, one theory of which involves cladogenesis and is contrasted with phyletic (*) gradualism; Stephen Jay Gould helped develop that theory, called punctuated equilibrium. The sympatric and allopatric types of this phenomenon differ based on whether geographic barriers contribute to reproductive isolation. For ten points, name this process which results in the formation of new species.
Goatsbeard plants of the genus Tragopogon are a model for one form of this process, which involves the formation of autopolyploid and allopolyploid organisms.
speciation [accept specific types, such as allopatric, peripatric, sympatric, or parapatric speciation; prompt on "evolution"]