Most of his books, such as the alchemical Archidoxa, were published posthumously.  
Giordano Bruno remarked, "Seeing how much this inebriate knew, what should I think he might have discovered had he been sober?"  This man once chastised a crowd for not staying to "hear the mysteries of putrefactive fermentation" after he presented to them a literal bowl of shit.  This one-time Tatar hostage believed in the macrocosm / microcosm correspondence.  This "forest-ass of Einsiedeln" formulated the similia similibus or theory of similars in order to cure disease, and he publicly burned the books of Avicenna and Galen.  Most of his books, such as the alchemical Archidoxa, were published posthumously.  This so-called "Medical Luther" advocated using mercury to cure syphilis and was once the town physician of Basel.  This man's name derives from the (*) Roman author of De re medicina.  For 10 points, name this 16th century German-Swiss eccentric who detailed how to make a homunculus.
Giordano Bruno remarked, "Seeing how much this inebriate knew, what should I think he might have discovered had he been sober?"  
Paracelsus [or Theophrastus Bombastus von Hohenheim]