Francesco Torti encouraged Europeans to use this good in his text, Therapeutice Specialis.  
The price of this good drastically fell in the 19th century after Clements Markham brought seeds from the plant it's derived from to southern India.  Francesco Torti encouraged Europeans to use this good in his text, Therapeutice Specialis.  Gilbert Stork, who successfully synthesized this compound, argued that Woodward and Doering hadn't actually done so during World War II.  A failed attempt to synthesize this compound led to the creation of (*) Perkin's mauve, the first synthetic dye.  This substance comes from a plant commonly named for either Jesuits or Peru.  After World War II, this substance was still used against a certain falciparum variant, although because it only targets red blood cells, in general cases symptoms tend to reoccur.  This compound is made from the bark of the cinchona tree.  For 10 points, name this anti-malarial drug.
The price of this good drastically fell in the 19th century after Clements Markham brought seeds from the plant it's derived from to southern India.  
quinine