The first self-assembling monolayers were formed by alkane-thiols bonding to this metal. Colloidal particles of this element are used to stain in electron microscopy. A cross-section proportional to the fourth power of the cosecant was first proposed for elastic scattering off this element. This metal has +1 and +3 oxidation states. This metal does not dissolve in nitric acid, but does (*) dissolve in a 1:3 mixture of nitric and hydrochloric acids. This element was described as a piece of tissue paper, deflecting a cannonball, into a ring of zinc sulfide, during the experiment which discovered the nucleus. It is the most malleable and ductile metal. For 10 points, name this element with symbol Au.
The first self-assembling monolayers were formed by alkane-thiols bonding to this metal. Colloidal particles of this element are used to stain in electron microscopy. A cross-section proportional to the fourth power of the cosecant was first proposed for elastic scattering off this element. This metal has +1 and +3 oxidation states. This metal does not dissolve in nitric acid, but does (*) dissolve in a 1:3 mixture of nitric and hydrochloric acids. This element was described as a piece of tissue paper, deflecting a cannonball, into a ring of zinc sulfide, during the experiment which discovered the nucleus. It is the most malleable and ductile metal. For 10 points, name this element with symbol Au.