Many of these systems were divested from utility companies by the Wheeler-Rayburn Act. The African-American schoolteacher Elizabeth Jennings Graham was defended by Chester Arthur in a case which desegregated these systems in Man- hattan. An attempt by William McAdoo to expand one of these systems led to a battle with C.C. Howell in Knoxville, Tennessee, which forced McAdoo out of Tennessee. Edwin J. Quinby and Bradford Snell alleged that Alfred Sloan created a special unit to work on destroying these systems, in what they called the "Great American" scandal. These systems were oper- ated by "traction magnates," who included Charles Tyson Yerkes on the North side of Chicago. Many of these sys
Many of these systems were divested from utility companies by the Wheeler-Rayburn Act. The African-American schoolteacher Elizabeth Jennings Graham was defended by Chester Arthur in a case which desegregated these systems in Man- hattan. An attempt by William McAdoo to expand one of these systems led to a battle with C.C. Howell in Knoxville, Tennessee, which forced McAdoo out of Tennessee. Edwin J. Quinby and Bradford Snell alleged that Alfred Sloan created a special unit to work on destroying these systems, in what they called the "Great American" scandal. These systems were oper- ated by "traction magnates," who included Charles Tyson Yerkes on the North side of Chicago. Many of these systems were dismantled by a consortium owned by General Motors, Standard Oil, and Firestone. For 10 points, name this form of public transportation superseded by buses and exemplified by the cable-cars of San Francisco.