A very half-hearted siege was conducted during this war by John Hope, who was captured in this war's final battle. One commander in this war mistook the dust raised by departi
A very half-hearted siege was conducted during this war by John Hope, who was captured in this war's final battle. One commander in this war mistook the dust raised by departing baggage trains as a sign of retreat, resulting in a foolish attack that Bertrand Clausel unsuccessfully tried to salvage. After a crushing defeat, an army in this war was allowed a full retreat with all spoils by Hew Dalrymple in the Convention of Cintra. During the outbreak of this war, John IV escaped with his court to Brazil and the Bayonne Statute replaced Ferdinand VII with a foreign ruler. The Lines of Torres Vedras were built to defend Lisbon from Andre Massena in this war, which included the Duke of Wellington's victory at Salamanca. For 10 points, name this Napoleonic war fought in Spain and Portugal.