This man's military was first led by Saint Arnaud, and his advisors included the dukes of Persigny a
This man's military was first led by Saint Arnaud, and his advisors included the dukes of Persigny and Morny.  He was satirized in a work plagiarized to form The Protocols of the Elders of Zion, Maurice Joly's Dialogue in Hell Between Machiavelli and Montesquieu.  His rule saw a boom in railway construction and the implementation of Baron Haussmann's plan to renovate the streets of Paris.  He assisted Victor Emmanuel II against Franz Joseph at Solferino and he was able to briefly annex Mexico under Maximilian, but he was defeated and captured by Moltke at Sedan, ending the Franco-Prussian War.  For 10 points, name this French emperor, the nephew of his namesake.
This man's military was first led by Saint Arnaud, and his advisors included the dukes of Persigny and Morny.  
Napoleon III [or Charles Louis Napoleon Bonaparte; do not prompt on "Napoleon"]