This law explains why the theory of Berthelot and Thomsen was incorrect, and Loschmidt's Paradox pointed out that a problem with another scientist's H-theorem could lead to a situation in which this was violated.  Using the Stirling approximation solved another potential violation of this law, in which a partition is removed between two identical samples of gas, known as the Gibbs Paradox.  An imaginary creature sorting particles based on energy, Maxwell's Demon, could not violate it even though it was designed to.  Originally stated by both Ke
This law explains why the theory of Berthelot and Thomsen was incorrect, and Loschmidt's Paradox pointed out that a problem with another scientist's H-theorem could lead to a situation in which this was violated.  Using the Stirling approximation solved another potential violation of this law, in which a partition is removed between two identical samples of gas, known as the Gibbs Paradox.  An imaginary creature sorting particles based on energy, Maxwell's Demon, could not violate it even though it was designed to.  Originally stated by both Kelvin and Clausius, who said that heat could not flow from a cold object to a hot one spontaneously, FTP name this law of thermodynamics commonly stated as for any spontaneous process, the entropy of the universe increases.
This law explains why the theory of Berthelot and Thomsen was incorrect, and Loschmidt's Paradox pointed out that a problem with another scientist's H-theorem could lead to a situation in which this was violated.  
Second Law of Thermodynamics