In this work, the head of one character is buried by hand, and its location
In this work, the head of one character is buried by hand, and its location is later decorated with marble.  That character was killed following the discovery of one of his previous affairs by his future father-in-law, the Marquis de la Mole, who promised him a title and money after his daughter was impregnated.  Its protagonist, who was actually in love with his previous lover, Madame de Renal, met Mathilde after a stint in the seminary, as he believed that the church was a more useful tool for attaining power than the army. For 10 points, name this novel about Julien Sorel, a work by Stendahl in which the church and army are represented by the titular colors.
In this work, the head of one character is buried by hand, and its location is later decorated with marble.  
Le {Rouge et} Le {Noir} [or The {Red} and the {Black}; accept {clear knowledge} equivalents of the {color wheel}]