Home to the 12th-century 
Home to the 12th-century monk Anthony, author of the Pilgrim's Book, in 1611, it was captured by the Swedes, who held it for seven years. In 1019, it was granted a charter of self-government, according to which a town assembly, or veche, would elect a burgomaster. A team led by Artikhovsky and Kolchin took 13 years to excavate the 9,000 square meters occupied by this city's 1,150 log buildings. It was also home to Gennadius, the first to translate all of the Old and New Testaments into Old Church Slavonic, and in 1240, its army defeated a Swedish force, leading its prince Alexander to receive the epithet "Nevsky." Sacked in 1570 by Ivan the Terrible, FTP, name this Russian city- state on the Volkhov river, sometimes confused with its "lower," or "Nizhny" counterpart.
Home to the 12th-century monk Anthony, author of the Pilgrim's Book, in 1611, it was captured by the Swedes, who held it for seven years.
{Novgorod}