Exempted from obedience to local laws by one of Pope Innocent II's papal bu
Exempted from obedience to local laws by one of Pope Innocent II's papal bulls, this group was aided by Saint Bernard of Clairvaux, who advocated the creation of the Council of Troyes. After they were involved in several unsuccessful campaigns, including the defeat at the Battle of the Horns of Hattin, this group lost Acre, Tortosa, and finally Arwad Island. At the Battle of Montgisard, they helped defeat (*) Saladin's army, and they were founded after the First Crusade by Hugues de Payens and Godfrey de Saint-Omer to protect pilgrims traveling to the Holy Land. Pope Clement V was bullied into instructing monarchs to arrest all belonging to this group, and Philip IV of France led in the arrest and execution of its Grand Master Jacques de Molay. For 10 points, name this military order, which wore distinctive white mantles with red crosses.
Exempted from obedience to local laws by one of Pope Innocent II's papal bulls, this group was aided by Saint Bernard of Clairvaux, who advocated the creation of the Council of Troyes.
Knights {Templar}