For 10 points, name this Chinese dynasty that made Beijing the capital, succeeded the Mongols, and was itself supplanted by the Manchus in the 1640's.
The final ruler of this dynasty severed his daughter's arm in an attempt to kill his entire family during its final days. In one criminal case, this dynasty saw an expansion of the "Nine Exterminations" to also include the killing of friends as well as family members. The Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception was founded in this dynasty's capital by one of its advisors, Matteo Ricci. This dynasty dispatched the treasure ships of the admiral Zheng He and moved the empire's capital from Nanking. It was founded by a former leader of the Red Turban rebellion, the Hongwu Emperor. For 10 points, name this Chinese dynasty that made Beijing the capital, succeeded the Mongols, and was itself supplanted by the Manchus in the 1640's.
The final ruler of this dynasty severed his daughter's arm in an attempt to kill his entire family during its final days.
{Ming} Dynasty [accept {Empire} of the {Great Ming}]