For 10 points, name these words that Saul Kripke claimed were rigid designators, and which are exemplified by the word "Scott" in reference to "the author of Waverley."
A Gareth Evans paper titled for a theory of these things challenges earlier theories by citing Marco Polo's first visit to Madagascar. Keith Donnellan used the example of Santa Claus to show how the "historical chains" for these things could end in a block. John Searle presented a "cluster theory" of these entities in a paper that argued they are associated with a "sufficient but so far unspecified number" of statements. Russell argued that these things were (*) "disguised definite descriptions," in contrast to the "Millian" theory of these things, according to which they have reference and not sense. A key doctrine in Confucian philosophy concerns the "rectification" of these words. For 10 points, name these words that Saul Kripke claimed were rigid designators, and which are exemplified by the word "Scott" in reference to "the author of Waverley."
A Gareth Evans paper titled for a theory of these things challenges earlier theories by citing Marco Polo's first visit to Madagascar.
proper names [prompt on answers like proper noun; if somebody buzzes in with references or referents, prompt them on the grounds that some people do think they're the same as references]