The presence of these substances turns red litmus paper blue.
Substrates unstable in the presence of these substances should be reduced using the Clemmensen reaction. These substances catalyze the Michael reaction and the Claisen condensation. The Schiff types of these substances are imines. They are defined as proton acceptors in the Bronsted-Lowry theory and as electron donors in the Lewis theory. The presence of these substances turns red litmus paper blue. Examples of them include sodium hydroxide and ammonia. For 10 points, name these chemical substances that have a pH greater than 7, the opposite of acids.
Substrates unstable in the presence of these substances should be reduced using the Clemmensen reaction.
bases [prompt on alkali]