For 10 points name this late 18th century Hapsburg ruler, who succeeded his mother Maria Theresa.
Under this ruler, religious toleration was established through the Patent of Toleration, and a single flat tax on land was promoted. His attempts to gain control of Bavaria resulted in the formation of an alliance led by Prussia against him. As result of this opposition, he instead undertook a disastrous war with the Ottoman Empire in conjunction with Russia. His reform policies, including the standardization of German as an official language, the abolition of feudalism, and several attacks on church power, encountered opposition, which was especially strong in Hungary. Consequentially, under his successor, Leopold II, the majority of this man's reforms were repealed. For 10 points name this late 18th century Hapsburg ruler, who succeeded his mother Maria Theresa.
Under this ruler, religious toleration was established through the Patent of Toleration, and a single flat tax on land was promoted.
{Joseph II}