The maximum heat capacity of a solid is held by the law of Dulong and Petit to be three times this constant, while the difference between the heat capacity at constant pressure and at constant volume is approximately this.  
The osmotic pressure of a solution is proportional to both the solute concentration and this number. The maximum heat capacity of a solid is held by the law of Dulong and Petit to be three times this constant, while the difference between the heat capacity at constant pressure and at constant volume is approximately this.  Equal to Avogadro's number multiplied by Boltzmann's constant, it appears in a law relating pressure, volume, and temperature. FTP, what is this constant approximately equal to 8.314 Joules per Kelvin moles, symbolized by capital R?
The osmotic pressure of a solution is proportional to both the solute concentration and this number.
ideal (or universal) molar gas constant (prompt on R)