These particles cannot be isolated due to a property called confinement, and the force that governs them is weakest when they are nearest each other, a phenomenon called asymptotic freedom.
Foot and Lew proposed certain complementarity relations between these particles and another group of particles whose masses are related by the Koide formula. The relative likelihood of one type of these particles turning into another type is given by the CKM matrix. These particles cannot be isolated due to a property called confinement, and the force that governs them is weakest when they are nearest each other, a phenomenon called asymptotic freedom. That force is mediated by (*) gluons. For 10 points, name these particles with fractional electric charge named by Murray Gell-Mann, which combine in threes and twos to form hadrons and mesons, such as the pion and proton, examples of which include the strange, up, and down types.
Foot and Lew proposed certain complementarity relations between these particles and another group of particles whose masses are related by the Koide formula.
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