Shor's algorithm performs this on a quantum computer.
One algorithm that performs this procedure is Dixon's algorithm, while another is the general number field sieve. Shor's algorithm performs this on a quantum computer. One number that was recently subject to this procedure was RSA-768, so named because RSA encryption relies on the hardness of this. In general, objects that cannot undergo further this are called irreducible, but a special name applies for irreducible integers. For 10 points, name this mathematical procedure whose aim is to decompose a number into its constituent prime multiples.
One algorithm that performs this procedure is Dixon's algorithm, while another is the general number field sieve.
{factorization} (accept word forms)