The formation of these substances is described by the Saha equation, and they can be modeled with the Vlasov equation.
The quasiparticle that represents excitations in these entities are localized due to charge-transfer complexes in surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. Warm electrons in these substances follow a dispersion relation named for Bohm and Gross, and Bennett pinches are filamentary structures that form in them. A type of low-frequency oscillation in these substances is known as an (*) Alfven wave. The formation of these substances is described by the Saha equation, and they can be modeled with the Vlasov equation. Their characteristics may be determined by a special electrode called a Langmuir probe, and they exhibit a characteristic interaction length named for Debye. Exemplified by lightning, for 10 points, name this fourth phase of matter composed of an ionized gas.
The quasiparticle that represents excitations in these entities are localized due to charge-transfer complexes in surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy.
{plasmas}