For Morning in the Bowl of Night / Has flung the Stone that puts the Stars to Flight," and like the masnavi, it is purely a Persian genre.  
Its basic rhyme scheme is aaba, and in extant manuscripts these are customarily arranged alphabetically according to the letter concluding the rhyme.  The first edition translation of one set begins "Awake! For Morning in the Bowl of Night / Has flung the Stone that puts the Stars to Flight," and like the masnavi, it is purely a Persian genre.  FTP, identify this verse form, whose name means "quatrains," the most famous set of which were translated by Edward FitzGerald and written by a son of a tent-maker.
Its basic rhyme scheme is aaba, and in extant manuscripts these are customarily arranged alphabetically according to the letter concluding the rhyme.  
rubaiyat  or  ruba'i (singular)