The (*) trans-Planckian problem arises in considering a phenomenon predicted by this physicist; pair-production near the event horizon of a black hole, a process named for Penrose, can cause the emission of his namesake radiation.
With Thomas Hertog, this physicist suggested top-down cosmology as a way to address the anthropic principle. With Jim Hartle, this physicist suggested that the universe, despite being finite, has no spacetime boundary. The association of a temperature with every solution of the Einstein field equations that contains a causal horizon is named for him and for Gibbons. The (*) trans-Planckian problem arises in considering a phenomenon predicted by this physicist; pair-production near the event horizon of a black hole, a process named for Penrose, can cause the emission of his namesake radiation. For 10 points, name this recently retired Lucasian Chair, a British theoretical physicist.
With Thomas Hertog, this physicist suggested top-down cosmology as a way to address the anthropic principle.
Stephen William {Hawking}