FTP, name this effect in which an electric field causes a quadratic change in a material's index of refraction, which is named for a Scottish physicist.
For pulses outside of a certain bandwidth range, a deviation from this phenomenon, known as self-steepening, occurs. The z-scan technique uses self-focusing of a beam of light to measure this effect's magnitude, while lensing effects arising from the AC type of this effect can be used in passive mode locking for a laser. Nitrobenzene is a common substance used in cells utilizing this effect for light modulation, though such cells require a higher voltage than those that leverage the linear Pockels effect. FTP, name this effect in which an electric field causes a quadratic change in a material's index of refraction, which is named for a Scottish physicist.
For pulses outside of a certain bandwidth range, a deviation from this phenomenon, known as self-steepening, occurs.
Kerr effect