This molecule is converted into a neurotransmitter that hyperpolarizes neurons by opening up chloride channels, and it is also the principal excitatory neurotransmitter.
System xc- [X-C-minus] includes an antiporter that facilitates a 1:1 exchange of cysteine and this compound in glial cells, while the uptake of this compound into glial cells is facilitated by EAAT proteins. Vitamin K is required to post-translationally carboxylate this molecule which is found in blood coagulation proteins such as prothrombin, and that modified form strongly chelates calcium. Receptors for this molecule are involved in long-term potentiation and those ionotropic receptors for this molecules have specific agonists named kainate, (*) AMPA, and NMDA. This molecule is converted into a neurotransmitter that hyperpolarizes neurons by opening up chloride channels, and it is also the principal excitatory neurotransmitter. Much like aspartate, it has a carboxylate group in its side chain. For 10 points, name this amino acid that is decarboxylated to form GABA, and is used in some food additives.
System xc- [X-C-minus] includes an antiporter that facilitates a 1:1 exchange of cysteine and this compound in glial cells, while the uptake of this compound into glial cells is facilitated by EAAT proteins.
{glutamate} [or “{glutamic} acid” or “{Glu}” or “{E}”]