For 10 points, name this country, the home of Muzio Clementi, Giovanni Perluigi da Palestrina, and Claudio Monteverdi.
Austrian composer Johann Fux was a disciple of a composer from this country, whose ideas he used to write the treatise Gradus ad Parnassum. Another composer from this country, who immigrated to London, was an early master of the piano who wrote the 1826 collection of keyboard studies also called Gradus ad Parnassum. A composer from this country wrote the opera The Return of Ulysses and nine books of (*) madrigals. Another composer from this country apocryphally saved polyphony with the publication of his Pope Marcellus Mass. For 10 points, name this country, the home of Muzio Clementi, Giovanni Perluigi da Palestrina, and Claudio Monteverdi.
Austrian composer Johann Fux was a disciple of a composer from this country, whose ideas he used to write the treatise Gradus ad Parnassum.
Republic of Italy [or Italian Republic; or Repubblica Italiana]