This technique produces two distinct peaks for methane, revealing an inadequacy of the hybridization model.
A time- and spin-resolved femtochemical variant of this technique can be used to study the dynamics of image-potential states at interfaces by measuring the difference between occupied and unoccupied states. This technique produces two distinct peaks for methane, revealing an inadequacy of the hybridization model. A helium discharge lamp is used in an angle-resolved variant of this technique that is applicable only to the valence region, unlike a (*) high-energy variant used to probe core levels from information about the top ten or so nanometers of a surface. Lone pairs display peaks without spin-orbit splitting in this technique, which for the hydrogen atom produces a sharp band at 13.6 eV. For 10 points, name this technique that measures the kinetic energy of ejected electrons in order to estimate the ionization energy of the orbitals of atoms or molecules that have been excited by photons.
A time- and spin-resolved femtochemical variant of this technique can be used to study the dynamics of image-potential states at interfaces by measuring the difference between occupied and unoccupied states.
PES [or photoelectron spectroscopy; or photoelectric spectroscopy; or photoemission spectroscopy; accept XPS or X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; accept UPS or UV/ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy; accept ESCA or electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis; accept 2PPE or femtosecond time-resolved two-photon photoemission; accept TRPIS or time-resolved photo-ion spectroscopy; accept ARPES or angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy; accept ARUPS or angle-resolved UV/ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy]