Schwinger calculated that a strong one would cause pair production from the vacuum.
Schwinger calculated that a strong one would cause pair production from the vacuum. Surface defects concentrate it, leading to emission and breakdown. When added to the time derivative of the vector potential, it is curl-free. Relativistically it makes up half the components of the field strength tensor. Atomic spectral lines split when one is applied, a phenomenon known as the Stark effect. It exerts a force proportional to an object's charge and unrelated to its velocity. FTP, what is this concept introduced by Michael Faraday, proportional to the gradient of an electric potential?
Schwinger calculated that a strong one would cause pair production from the vacuum.
electric field