For 10 points - what is this quantity loosely characterized as a measure of "disorder" in a system?
Strominger and Vafa derived this for extremal black holes by counting the degeneracy of BPS soliton bound states, confirming the Bekenstein-Hawking formula for it.  The Boltzmann relation for plasma particle density may be used to directly relate this property to the scalar potential and Gibbs' paradox is that, when derived classically, this state function is not extensive. For 10 points - what is this quantity loosely characterized as a measure of "disorder" in a system?
Strominger and Vafa derived this for extremal black holes by counting the degeneracy of BPS soliton bound states, confirming the Bekenstein-Hawking formula for it.  
entropy