Ismail Gaspirali was the first to advocate a collective identity for this people.  
Attempts to eliminate them and take their lands began in 1660 on the recommendation of Yuri Krizhanich.  Ismail Gaspirali was the first to advocate a collective identity for this people.  Given a Soviet Autonomous Republic in 1921, during World War II Stalin accused them of being Nazi collaborators, forbade the use of their language, and transported them to Uzbekistan and Kazakstan.  For 10 points, name this group of Turkic-speaking peoples located along the Volga river who made up most of the Golden Horde.
Attempts to eliminate them and take their lands began in 1660 on the recommendation of Yuri Krizhanich.  
Tatars