He also found a special case of the Holder inequality, which parallels the triangle inequality but uses products rather than sums.
The general case of Fermat's conjecture that all positive integers are the sum of at most three triangular numbers, four square numbers, and so on was proved by this man. He found the first general proof that the Euler characteristic of vertices - edges + faces for a convex polyhedron is 2. The first to rigorously prove Taylor's theorem, his namesake remainder applies to Taylor series, and a more general form of the Navier-Stokes equations is his momentum equation. He found that if a function is holomorphic along two different paths between points, the path integrals will be the same in his namesake integral theorem. He also found a special case of the Holder inequality, which parallels the triangle inequality but uses products rather than sums. For 10 points, name this French mathematician who gives his name to that inequality along with Hermann Schwarz.
The general case of Fermat's conjecture that all positive integers are the sum of at most three triangular numbers, four square numbers, and so on was proved by this man.
Augustin-Louis {Cauchy}