A small fraction of infections with this enterovirus result in infection of anterior horn motor neurons, which causes spinal paralysis.  
Its 3A protein depletes tumor necrosis factor receptor expression on the cell membrane of its host, while its 3C protein cleaves TATA-binding protein to shut off host RNA synthesis.  Reference strains of this pathogen include Mahoney and MEF-1, and the Nomoto group's development of the TgPVR mouse created the first non-primate model organism system for studying it.  SV40 was first identified in co-culturation with this pathogen in monkey kidney cells, and the first discovery of an internal ribosomal entry sequence occurred in this picornavirus's genome.  A small fraction of infections with this enterovirus result in infection of anterior horn motor neurons, which causes spinal paralysis.  For 10 points, name this small RNA virus against which vaccines were developed by Sabin and Salk.
Its 3A protein depletes tumor necrosis factor receptor expression on the cell membrane of its host, while its 3C protein cleaves TATA-binding protein to shut off host RNA synthesis.  
poliovirus (do not accept poliomyelitis)