For 10 points, name this scenario analyzed by Hilary Putnam, which involves an evil genius creating false experiences by electrical stimulation of a disembodied cortex.
Peter Smith and Tony Brueckner's namesake articles about this concept criticized the "disquotation" used to refute its possibility by the writer who compared it to a Martian seeing a painting that accidentally resembles a tree. By use of the "causal constraint" which says that a term can only refer to an object if there is an actual connection between the term and the object, a philosopher put forth the "semantic externalism" argument against the possibility of this scenario in 1981's Reason, Truth, and History. Ted Warfield's refutation of this idea relies on another thought experiment put forth by its creator, the Twin Earth argument. For 10 points, name this scenario analyzed by Hilary Putnam, which involves an evil genius creating false experiences by electrical stimulation of a disembodied cortex.
Peter Smith and Tony Brueckner's namesake articles about this concept criticized the "disquotation" used to refute its possibility by the writer who compared it to a Martian seeing a painting that accidentally resembles a tree.
brain in a vat [accept very similar answers, e.g. "brain in a jar," but not stuff that is further afield. "Ghost in the machine" or "HEY MAN THE MATRIX MAN" are not acceptable.]