Subsequently Athens sacked the city, executed its men, enslaved its women and children, and established a cleruchy.
This was the main source of obsidian in the ancient Aegean, and uniquely among its neighbors in the Cyclades, it was independent until the Peloponnesian War. Both its weakness and its proximity to Sparta attracted the attention of Athens first in 426 BC. A second infamous Athenian campaign in 416-415 was the contemporary inspiration for Euripides' play The Trojan Women and was recounted by Thucydides as a namesake "dialogue," in which the natives argue that Athens should respect their neutrality while Athens insists that her intentions would remain peaceful so long as resistance was abandoned. Subsequently Athens sacked the city, executed its men, enslaved its women and children, and established a cleruchy. For ten points, name this island, the source of a famous Hellenistic statue of Aphrodite.
This was the main source of obsidian in the ancient Aegean, and uniquely among its neighbors in the Cyclades, it was independent until the Peloponnesian War.
{Melos} (accept {Milos} or {Milo})