Electro-magnetically induced transparency, atom lasing, and ultra-slow light have been observed in it, and in the first demonstration of it, rubidium atoms were loaded in a magneto-optical trap and laser cooled to just above absolute zero.
The Gross-Pitaevskii equation is used to model it, and in a 2002 Science paper, semiconductor quantum wells were used to study it in exciton-polaritons. Observing the second-order coherence properties can give optical evidence of it, and when placed in an optical lattice, it can show a superfluid to Mott-insulator phase transition. Electro-magnetically induced transparency, atom lasing, and ultra-slow light have been observed in it, and in the first demonstration of it, rubidium atoms were loaded in a magneto-optical trap and laser cooled to just above absolute zero. For 10 points, identify this distinct form of matter, named for an Indian and a German physicist.
The Gross-Pitaevskii equation is used to model it, and in a 2002 Science paper, semiconductor quantum wells were used to study it in exciton-polaritons.
Bose-Einstein condensate [prompt on BEC]