As an attack on Adam Smith, Jeremy Bentham wrote a "Defense of" it.  
This was called a "sin against nature" and was said to "rusteth the chisel" in Ezra Pound's Canto XLV [45].  Martin Luther wrote a Long Sermon on this, and Aristotle condemned it as unnatural in his Politics.  As an attack on Adam Smith, Jeremy Bentham wrote a "Defense of" it.  Pound's Canto XLVI [46] attacks the Bank of England for this, and in The Divine Comedy, people who practiced this profession were committed to the seventh circle of hell.  For 10 points, name this profession of Shylock in The Merchant of Venice, the making of money by charging interest on loans.
This was called a "sin against nature" and was said to "rusteth the chisel" in Ezra Pound's Canto XLV [45].  
{Usury} (Accept word forms; Accept {Usura} before {Martin}; prompt on {Moneylender} and word forms)