For 10 points, name this German chemist who names an exhaustive methylation reaction and a rule contrasted with that of Zaitsev.
A reaction in which heating of the hydrochloric acid salt of an arylalkylamine results in migration of the alkyl group is named for this man and Martius. This scientist also lends his name to a reaction with an N-haloamide intermediate, in which reaction with sodium methoxide and NBS give a primary amine; that reaction also involves an intermediate shared by the Lossen and Curtius rearrangements. That reaction named for this man includes an isocyanate intermediate and typically involves the reaction of an unsubstituted amide with sodium hypobromite to produce an amine with one fewer carbon. This man also names a reaction in which methyl iodide is reacted with an amine to produce the least substituted alkene, in accordance with this man's namesake rule. For 10 points, name this German chemist who names an exhaustive methylation reaction and a rule contrasted with that of Zaitsev.
A reaction in which heating of the hydrochloric acid salt of an arylalkylamine results in migration of the alkyl group is named for this man and Martius.
{August Wilhelm von Hofmann}