Acute
 chest crises and vaso-occlusive crises are painful manifestations of this disease, which is caused by a
 glutamic acid to valine mutation in the beta chain of a certain protein.
One particular complication of this disease results from parvovirus B19 infection of bone marrow,
 which causes aplasia, and patients with this disease often have osteomyelitis caused by Salmonella. Patients
 with this disease have an increased risk of overwhelming sepsis from encapsulated organisms because they
 often auto-splenectomize, and this disease is diagnosed by gel electrophoresis of the affected protein. Acute
 chest crises and vaso-occlusive crises are painful manifestations of this disease, which is caused by a
 glutamic acid to valine mutation in the beta chain of a certain protein. It is believed to confer a
 heterozygote advantage against malaria. For 10 points, name this disease common in African Americans
 which causes red blood cells to assume a crescent-like shape.
One particular complication of this disease results from parvovirus B19 infection of bone marrow,
 which causes aplasia, and patients with this disease often have osteomyelitis caused by Salmonella.
{sickle}-{cell} anemia