Inheritance problems in this gene, along with CHEK2, can lead to Li-Fraumeni Syndrome.
Herzog et al. showed that this protein is activated by ATM kinase, and a different study showed it also activated by ATR kinase. Along with its regulator, an E3 ubiquitin ligase, this protein is controlled by the Wip1 gatekeeper. When the pathway named for this protein is damaged, the retinoblastoma pathway is often damaged as well. Inheritance problems in this gene, along with CHEK2, can lead to Li-Fraumeni Syndrome. When it binds with DNA, it generates a similarly named entity that inhibits cdk2. In humans, it is suppressed by HDM2, a homolog of mdm2. Its production can be stimulated by bombarding DNA with gamma or x-rays, requiring repair, and as a last resort, it induces apoptosis. For 10 points, name this tumor suppressing protein often mutated in cancer sufferers, "the guardian of the genome.
Herzog et al. showed that this protein is activated by ATM kinase, and a different study showed it also activated by ATR kinase.
{p53} [or Protein 53 or Tumor Protein 53]