FTP, name this man who was a pioneering opponent of the death penalty, an Italian thinker best known for his 1764 work On Crimes and Punishment.
Chapter 9 of this man's most famous book argues that honor was produced after the formation of society, so whenever we act under its influence we revert to a state of nature.  Chapter 23 of that book suggests that infamy and ridicule should be employed sparingly, while the book ends with a "theorem" which states that one of the titular things should be "public, immediate, and necessary."  This man developed many of his ideas in contributions to the rationalist periodical The Coffeehouse, and they became popular throughout Europe after Abb?Morellet translated his most famous work.  Along with Pietro and Alessandro Verri, he formed a circle called the "Academy of Fists," and argued that deterrence is best achieved by swift, lenient, and consistent enforcement of the laws.  FTP, name this man who was a pioneering opponent of the death penalty, an Italian thinker best known for his 1764 work On Crimes and Punishment.
Chapter 9 of this man's most famous book argues that honor was produced after the formation of society, so whenever we act under its influence we revert to a state of nature.  
Cesare Beccaria (prompt on an early buzz of On Crimes and Punishments or Dei delitti e delle pene)