For 10 points, name this French author of The Spirit of the Laws.
This philosopher argued that the fertility of a country's soil affects its type of government, with barren soil leading to republics. His major work claims that differences in (*) climate lead to different national characteristics, and uses the Ottoman Empire as an example of a state ruled by fear. His theory that the legislative, executive, and judicial branches of government should be separated inspired America's founding fathers. For 10 points, name this French author of The Spirit of the Laws.
This philosopher argued that the fertility of a country's soil affects its type of government, with barren soil leading to republics.
Charles-Louis de Secondat, Baron de {Montesquieu}