They were slaughtered in great numbers after their surrender at the Colline Gate and Praeneste, which led to their decline, and many of them were killed at Bovianum and Beneventum despite the efforts of C. Papius Mutilus and later Pontius Telesinus, the latter a descendant of the man who performed their most famous exploit against the Romans in 321 BC.  
The definitive modern work on this people was written in 1967 by E.T. Salmon, who describes their Oscan dialect, their practice of the Sacred Spring, and their role in engineering a defeat on P. Cornelius Rufinus at the Cranite Mountains. They were slaughtered in great numbers after their surrender at the Colline Gate and Praeneste, which led to their decline, and many of them were killed at Bovianum and Beneventum despite the efforts of C. Papius Mutilus and later Pontius Telesinus, the latter a descendant of the man who performed their most famous exploit against the Romans in 321 BC.  FTP, name this Italian people, perhaps best known for defeating the Romans and compelling them to go under the yoke at the battle of the Caudine Forks.
The definitive modern work on this people was written in 1967 by E.T. Salmon, who describes their Oscan dialect, their practice of the Sacred Spring, and their role in engineering a defeat on P. Cornelius Rufinus at the Cranite Mountains.
the Samnites