This work discusses the advantages of founding new colonies and uses a comparison of French and Portuguese wine to argue against protectionist tariffs in its fourth book, "Of Systems of Political Economy," which argues against the mercantilist system.  
This work discusses the growing importance of burghers in a section that explores the rise of towns after the fall of the Roman Empire.  This work discusses the advantages of founding new colonies and uses a comparison of French and Portuguese wine to argue against protectionist tariffs in its fourth book, "Of Systems of Political Economy," which argues against the mercantilist system.  Its first section supports the division of labor and discusses a pin factory, while it later argues that individuals acting due to self interest will benefit the market via the "invisible hand."  For 10 points, name this major work of Adam Smith.
This work discusses the growing importance of burghers in a section that explores the rise of towns after the fall of the Roman Empire.  
An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations