For 10 points, name this Asian country found south of Russia and north of China, which was the home of conquering horsemen in the late Middle Ages.
Eighty percent of this country's population took a surname meaning "master of the blue wolf" after last names were re-legalized here in 1995. Following this country's 1924 proclamation of a Communist state, its capital received a new name meaning "Red Hero." The desolate areas of this country's west and south are dominated by the (*) Altai Mountains and the Gobi Desert. For 10 points, name this Asian country found south of Russia and north of China, which was the home of conquering horsemen in the late Middle Ages.
Eighty percent of this country's population took a surname meaning "master of the blue wolf" after last names were re-legalized here in 1995.
{Mongolia} [or {Mongol Uls}]