They often fought the rival Diadochi Kingdoms of Seleucia and Macedon, and their namesake dynasty ended with the death of Cleopatra VII.
Beginning with the Battle of Raphia, the fourth ruler of this name heavily employed machimoi, the local militia, when making war. A monarch with this name and the surname Philadelphus was adopted after the first monarch with this name divorced his wife Eurydice and disinherited another son of this name; that latter son of this name was the assassin of Seleucus I. The first monarch of this name used his victory at the Battle of Gaza to control parts of Lebanon not already ceded to him following the Battle of (*) Ipsus in 310 BCE. Most rulers of this name had wives with names like Arsinoe or Berenice. They often fought the rival Diadochi Kingdoms of Seleucia and Macedon, and their namesake dynasty ended with the death of Cleopatra VII. For 10 points, give this common name for Egyptian pharaohs, the first of whom was a general of Alexander the Great.
Beginning with the Battle of Raphia, the fourth ruler of this name heavily employed machimoi, the local militia, when making war.
Ptolemy