Their Hamiltonians contain a term proportional to particle density, resulting in the nonlinear (*) Gross-Pitaevskii equation.
Lene Hau has created substances of this type wherein the speed of light is zero, while a variety dominated by repulsive forces in one dimension is named for Tonks and Girardeau. Their Hamiltonians contain a term proportional to particle density, resulting in the nonlinear (*) Gross-Pitaevskii equation. The first example of one of these substances was produced using laser cooling on rubidium by Eric Cornell and Carl Wieman. For 10 points, identify this state of matter in which particles collapse into the lowest quantum state on a macroscopic scale, named for an Indian and a German physicist.
Lene Hau has created substances of this type wherein the speed of light is zero, while a variety dominated by repulsive forces in one dimension is named for Tonks and Girardeau.
{Bose}-{Einstein} condensate