It is the result of the combination of Hund's Rules and the Pauli Exclusion Principle, and it is used to determine electron configurations.
The Madelung rule can generally describe the same behavior that this predicts. A version of it can be used to predict the configuration of protons and neutrons in various atomic nuclei. The periodicity of ionization energy in relation to atomic number is a result of shielding from previously filled orbitals and a consequence of it. It is the result of the combination of Hund's Rules and the Pauli Exclusion Principle, and it is used to determine electron configurations. For 10 points, name this principle that governs orbital designations which is German for "to build up."
The Madelung rule can generally describe the same behavior that this predicts.
{Aufbau} principle