In the 20th-century a second form of it has been championed by Alvin Plantinga, Norman Malcolm, and Charles Hartshorne.  
In the 20th-century a second form of it has been championed by Alvin Plantinga, Norman Malcolm, and Charles Hartshorne.  It was first criticized by Pierre Gassendi and later by Kant who, in the Critique of Pure Reason, argued that the analysis of a concept can never lead to its object.  Godel's version used modal logic to symbolize its various premises as truth statements, and Descartes' version is predicated on the premise that existence itself is a necessary perfection.  First systematized by St. Anselm, FTP, name this theory that posits the reality of God based on his essence.
In the 20th-century a second form of it has been championed by Alvin Plantinga, Norman Malcolm, and Charles Hartshorne.  
ontological argument