If a diagnosis of a gastric NET is finally made. A pathologist must perform immunohistochemistry tests with chromogranin A and synaptophysin, as well as routinely determine the proliferation index of Ki-67. For lesions larger than 1cm endoscopy is needed to establish the lesion's depth and to decide upon endoscopic treatment based on this information. This endoscopic treatment is safe and effective as demonstrated by our work. 1. Modlin IM, Oberg K, Chung DC, Jensen RT, de Herder WW, Thakker RV, et al. Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. Lancet Oncol 2008; 9: 61-72. 2. Modlin, IM, Lye, KD, Kidd, M. A 50-year analysis of 562 gastric carcinoids: small tumor or larger problem? Am J Gastroenterol 2004; 99: 23. 3. Lubarsch O. Uber den primaren Krebs des Ileum nebst Bemerkunge uber das gleichzeitige Vorkommen von Krebs und Tuberkulose. Virchows Arch 1888; 3: 280-317. 5. Burkitt, Pritchard. Review article: pathogenesis and management of gastric carcinoid tumors. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2006; 24: 1305-1320. 6. Solcia E, Klöppel G, Sobin LH. Histological Typing of Endocrine Tumors: In Collaboration with 9 Pathologists from 4 Countries. Berlin, New York: Springer, 1999. 7. Gilligan CJ, Phil M, Lawton GP, Tang LH, West AB, Path MRC, Modlin IM. Gastric Carcinoid Tumors: The Biology and Therapy of an Enigmatic and Controversial Lesion. Clinical Reviews. Am J Gastroenterol 1995; 90: 338-52. 9. Alhman H, Wangberg B, Nilsson O. Aspects on diagnosis and treatment of the foregut carcinoid syndrome. Scand J Gastroenterol 1992; 27: 459-71. 11. Massironi S, Sciola V, Spampatti MP, Peracchi M, Conte D. Gastric carcinoids: between underestimation and overtreatment. World J Gastroenterol 2009; 15: 2177-83. 12. Borch K, Skarsgard J, Franzen L, Mardh S, Rehfeld JF. Benign gastric polyps: morphological and functional origin. Dig Dis Sci 2003; 48: 1292-7. 13. Castaño R, Ruiz MH, Jaramillo P, Sanín E, Botero ML, Cárdenas A, Juliao F, Erebrie F. Pólipos gástricos: aspectos epidemiológicos y su relación con el consumo de bloqueadores de bomba. Rev Col Gastroenterol 2005; 204: 48-59. 15. Borch K, Ahrén B, Ahlman. Gastric carcinoids: biologic behavior and prognosis after differentiated treatment in relation to type. Ann Surg 2005; 242: 64-73. 16. Havu, N. Enterochromaffin-like cell carcinoids of gastric mucosa in rats after life-long inhibition of gastric secretion. Digestion 1986; 35Suppl 1: 42. 17. Rindi G, Bordi C, Rappel S. Gastric carcinoids and neuroendocrine carcinomas: pathogenesis, pathology and behavior. World J Surg 1996; 20: 168-72. 19. Gilligan, CJ, Lawton, GP, Tang, LH, et al. Gastric carcinoid tumor: The biology and therapy of an enigmatic and controversial lesion. Am J Gastroenterol 1995; 90: 338. 21. Solcia E, Fiocca R, Villani L, Luinetti O, Capella C. Hyperplastic, dysplastic, and neoplastic enterochromaffin-likecell proliferations of the gastric mucosa. Classification and histogenesis. Am J Surg Pathol 1995; 19 Suppl 1: S1-S7. 23. Gómez M, Otero W, Arbeláez V. Tratamiento endoscópico de cáncer gástrico temprano en Colombia con seguimiento a cinco años. Rev Col Gastroenterol 2009; 24: 347-352. 24. Scherubl H, Cadiot C, Jensen RT, Rosch T, Stolzel U, Klopel G. Neuroendocrine tumors of the stomach Gastric carcinoids are on the rise: small tumors, small problems? Endoscopy 2010; 47: 664-71. 25. Ellis L, Shale MJ, Coleman MP. Carcinoid Tumors of the Gastrointestinal Tract: Trends in Incidence in England Since 1971. Am J Gastroenterol 2010. 28. Gladdy R, B V, Coit D, Allen P, Gerdes H. Defining Surgical Indications for Type I Gastric Carcinoid Tumor. Ann Surg Oncol 2009; 16: 3154-3160. 29. Borch K, Ahren B, Ahlman H, et al. Gastric carcinoids: biologic behavior and prognosis after differentiated treatment in relation to type. Ann Surg 2005; 2421: 64-73.
Si finalmente se hace el diagnóstico de TNE gástrico, es necesario que en patología se haga inmunohistoquímica con cromogranina A, sinaptofisina, así como también, de manera rutinaria, la determinación del índice de proliferación Ki-67.