Rural areas were disregarded until the Republic, when the Child Hygiene Service was created under the auspices of the Department of Public Health through its provincial delegations and health centers in 1932.
La Dirección General de Sanidad creó el Servicio de Higiene Infantil en 1932, con el objeto de llevar la atención puericultora al mundo rural a través de los centros de higiene comarcales y locales.