Most of the patients 91% had received 3 or more antibiotics, among which were included third generation cephalosporins, fluorochinolones and clindamycin, that have been related with this pathology.A study showed that the new fluorochinolones induced, in a model of a human intestine, the sporulation and an increase in the production of cytokinin in C. difficile, despite the resistance to these antibiotics, and epidemiologically they have been directly related with the outbreaks of this new strain.Pépin et al evidenced in the outbreak analyzed in Canada, that the probability of developing CDAD was from 3 to 7 times greater if fluorochinolones were used, and from 1 to 3 times, if third generation cephalosporins were used.
En un estudio se demostró que las nuevas fluoroquinolonas indujeron, en un modelo de intestino humano, la esporulación y un aumento en la producción de citotoxinas en C. difficile, a pesar de la resistencia a estos antibióticos,y epidemiológicamente se les ha relacionado de manera directa con los brotes de esta nueva cepa. Así, Pépin et al demostraron en el brote estudiado en Canadá, que la probabilidad de desarrollar EDACD fue de 3 a 7 veces mayor si se usaban fluoroquinolonas, y de 1 -3 veces, si se empleaban cefalosporinas de tercera generación.