See Gibson, Zhao, Lovrich and Gaffney, 2002; Sampson, 1991; Sampson, Morenoff and Earls, 1999. See Bellair, 1997; Carr, 2003; Lee and Bartkowski, 2004; Pattavina, Byrne and Garcia, 2006; Rosenfeld, Messner and Baumer, 2001; Rosenfeld, Baumer and Messner, 2007; Saegert, Winkel and Swartz, 2002; Saegert and Winkel, 2004; Sampson and Groves, 1989; Sampson, Raudenbush and Earls, 1997; Sampson and Raudenbush, 1999; Simons, Simons, Burt, Brody and Cutrona, 2005; Skogan, 1986; Snell, 2001; Taylor, 2001b; Velez, 2001. See Bursik, 1999; Kubrin and Weitzer, 2003a; Lee and Ousey, 2005; Sampson et al., 1997; Sampson, 2002; Stucky, 2003. See Belnar, Cerda, Roberts and Buska, 2008; Carr, 2003; Pattavina et al., 2006; Stucky, 2003; Taylor 2001a; Velez, 2001. See Velez, 2001 See Lee and Ousey, 2005. See Carr, 2003; Pattavina, 2006; Warner, 2007. Bursik & Grasmick, 1995; Carr, Napolitano and Keating, 2007; MacDonald and Stokes, 2006. Bursik & Grasmick, 1995. Browning, Feinberg and Dietz, 2004, p. 510. Patillo, 1998, p. 748. Kubrin and Weitzer, 2003b. Patillo, 1998.
Existen más de 20 localidades en Bogotá. Sánchez, Espinosa, y Rivas, 2007. Formisano, 2002. Ver Gibson, Zhao, Lovrich y Gaffney, 2002; Sampson, 1991; Sampson, Morenoff y Earls, 1999. Ver Bellair, 1997; Carr, 2003; Lee y Bartkowski, 2004; Pattavina, Byrne y Garcia, 2006; Rosenfeld, Messner y Baumer, 2001; Rosenfeld, Baumer y Messner, 2007; Saegert, Winkel y Swartz, 2002; Saegert y Winkel, 2004; Sampson y Groves, 1989; Sampson, Raudenbush y Earls, 1997; Sampson y Raudenbush, 1999; Simons, Simons, Burt, Brody y Cutrona, 2005; Skogan, 1986; Snell, 2001; Taylor, 2001b; Velez, 2001. Ver Bursik, 1999; Kubrin y Weitzer, 2003a; Lee y Ousey, 2005; Sampson et al., 1997; Sampson, 2002; Stucky, 2003. Ver Belnar, Cerda, Roberts y Buska, 2008; Carr, 2003; Pattavina et al., 2006; Stucky, 2003; Taylor 2001a; Velez, 2001. Ver Velez, 2001 Ver Lee y Ousey, 2005. Ver Carr, 2003; Pattavina, 2006; Warner, 2007. Bursik & Grasmick, 1995; Carr, Napolitano y Keating, 2007; MacDonald y Stokes, 2006. Bursik & Grasmick, 1995. Browning, Feinberg y Dietz, 2004, p. 510. Patillo, 1998, p. 748. Kubrin and Weitzer, 2003b. Patillo, 1998.