dilemong tse mashome a mmalwa tse fetileng, batjha ba ile ba lwana dintwa tse ngatanyana kgahlanong le tlhokeho ya toka, ho tloha boipelaetsong ba baithuti ba paris ka 1968, ho ya ntweng e kgahlanong le bokoloniale dinaheng tse ngata tsa afrika le asia, e be ntwa e kgahlanong le kgethollo, hammoho le mehwanto e kgahlanong le mebuso ya maarab.

kule minyaka idlulileyo, ulutsha belusilwa amadabi amaninzi okukhaba intswelabulungisa, ukusukela kuvukelo lwabafundi ngowe1968 eparis, ukuya kwiintshukumo ezichasene nemfazwe emelika ngeminyaka yowe1960, ukuya kumzabalazo wokulwa nobukoloniyali kumazwe amaninzi aseafrika nawaseasia, ukuya kwidabi lokulwa nocalucalulo, ukuya kutsho kwiintshukumo zoqhankqalazo lokulwela ulawulo lwentando yesininzi kumazwe amaarabhu, iarab spring.
