Hydrolysis of ATP yields ADP + Pi. The usable energy released by this process is 11 –
13 kcal/mole. Why is the useful energy given as a range instead of a single value? The
phosphoanhydride bond between two phosphate groups (that is broken during hydrolysis)
has a standard free energy of -7.3 kcal/mol. Why is ?G smaller than ?Go?

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