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Cretaceous Period

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Camptosaurus was an herbivore dinosaur that lived during the Late Jurassic period, about 145 million years ago. It was a larger Ornithischian dinosaur that grew up to 25 feet in length. Camptosaurus had a horny beak, and a long snout with hundreds of teeth. Camptosaurus resembled iguanodontid dinosaurs, it had legs that were longer than its arms; it had four toed and five fingered arms, all with hooves. Its main way of locomotion was on four legs, but it could probably stand on two legs and walk for short distances. Researchers believe that Camptosaurus may have traveled and lived in herds. Fossil discoveries have been made in parts of North America such as Wyoming, South Dakota, Colorado and Utah. Fossils have also been discovered in parts of England, in Europe.

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Dimorphodon was an early pterosaur from the early Jurassic Period about 197-195 million years ago. Fossil remains of Dimorphodon have been found in southern England, near Lyme Regis. The first fossils were first dug out in 1828. It was later named in 1858 by the very scientist who also invented the name “dinosaur,” Richard Owen. When we look at Dimorphodon’s anatomy we clearly see that its head is much bigger than that of others of its kind, looking like it might have been transplanted from a larger, terrestrial theropod dinosaur. The mouth had four large teeth on each side at the front, in both the upper and lower jaws. The upper jaw had a row of smaller teeth behind them, and in the lower jaw there were small, sharp teeth. Compared to other pterosaurs the bill was tall from top to bottom but narrow from side to side. It seemed much too large simply to catch food, which is assumed was fish and other small sea animals. So why was the bill so big? Was it colorful or contained ornaments to possibly attract other members of the opposite sex? Dimorphodon’s head may have been large, making one quarter of its total length, but it was not heavy. The skull was made of thin struts of bone rather than large slabs, making it very light. Most of the head was made up of the large bill. Dimorphodon’s legs and feet were quite large and strong built for a pterosaur. It is possible that Dimorphodon was able to crawl well on all fours and maybe even stood up to run on its legs. Dimorphodon's wingspan was about 4.5 feet, and its total length was just over 3 feet. It was roughly the size of a goose.

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Anteosaurus was a large synapsid reptile that lived during the Middle Permian Period 260-265 million years ago in what is now South Africa. Anteosaurus was a semi aquatic reptile, it had a similar built as the modern crocodiles with a long tail and short limbs, which indicate that the reptile spent most of its time living in water. It is estimated that Anteosaurus measured up to 20 feet in length and it grew up to 1100 lbs. Some of the most noticeable characteristic include a skull which was tall and narrow 2.6 feet long. The skull shows signs of pachyostosis (thickening of the roof of the head), suggestive of head butting behavior, possibly protecting their territory and fighting over a mate. This feature indicates that these reptiles were active on land as well. There are 16 well preserved skulls of Anteosaurus. Anteosaurus is known to have existed during the time of Titanophoneus and Doliosauriscus.

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Agriotherium was one of the largest bears that ever lived. Grew up to 8 feet long and could reach weights of 1,000-1,500 pounds. It lived during the Late Miocene and Early Pleistocene Era approximately 10-2 million years ago. It roamed the plains of North America, Eurasia at the time and Africa. Agriotherium was an omnivorous prehistoric mammal. Its diet consisted of fish, fruits, and vegetables. One distinguishable characteristic about Agriotherium is that they had very long legs which gave it a dog-like build.

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Askeptosaurus belonged to a family of early diapsid reptiles known as thalattosaurus. It lived during the Triassic period, about 220 million years ago. Askeptosaurus specimens have been found in Italy and Switzerland, Europe. Askeptosaurus habits resemble those of the modern reptile; they spent most of their time in the water, only venturing on to land to lay their eggs. Askeptosaurus had a slender built, with a long neck, body and tail. It is possible that Askeptosaurus move in the water like modern eels do. Its diet consisted of fish, and it may have dive deep in search of its prey, which it snapped up with its long, toothy jaws.

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Cladoselache was a fast moving prehistoric shark due to its streamlined body and deep forked tail. This primitive shark grew to be a 6 feet in length and roamed the oceans of North America. Cladoselache is one of the best-known prehistoric sharks due to the well preserved fossils that were discovered on the Cleveland shale on the south shore of Lake Erie. The fossils were so well preserved that they included traces of skin, muscle fibers, and internal organs, such as kidneys. Cladoselache had smooth and blunt teeth, which weren't sharp and tearing like those of most sharks and indication that the shark swallowed fish whole after grasping them in its muscular jaws.

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Updated Dinosaur Pages

1. Camptosaurus
2. Carcharodontosaurus
3. Caudipteryx
4. Bactrosaurus
5. Caseosaurus

Paleo Artists

Visit our Paleo Artists Gallery where you will find great dinosaur illustrations among other prehistoric creatures which are now extinct. These artists are professionals and have created great depictions of what these prehistoric creatures may have looked like.

Updated Flying Reptiles Pages

1. Pteranodon
2. Preondactylus
3. Germanodactylus
4. Eudimorphodon
5. Dorygnathus

Updated Land Reptiles Pages

1. Petrolacosaurus
2. Milleretta
3. Longisquama
4. Lagosuchus
5. Euparkeria

Updated Mammal Pages

1. Triconodon
2. Smilodon (Saber Tooth)
3. Brontotherium (Megacerops)
4. Andrewsarchus
5. Amebelodon

Updated Marine Reptile Pages

1. Liopleurodon
2. Kronosaurus
3. Ichthyosaurus
4. Elasmosaurus
5. Askeptosaurus

Updated Prehistoric Shark Pages

1. Stethacanthus
2. Megalodon
3. Ischyrhiza
4. Falcatus
5. Cladoselache