Types of Water


Sparkling water


Mineral water

Must contain no less than 250 parts per million (ppm) total dissolved solids (TDS) with the solids being the minerals in the water. Is distinguished from other types of water by the regular mineral and trace elements present. It is distinguished from other types of water by the regular mineral and trace elements present types of water.

 Artesian water

From a well in a confined aquifer. Water level in well must stand at some height above the top of the aquifer. May also be known as “artesian well water”.

 Well water

Comes from a hole that is bored, drilled or otherwise constructed in the ground, tapping the water of an aquifer.

 Fuoridated water

Contains fluoride that is added within the limitations set by Federal Regulations. Some spring and artesian sources have naturally occurring fluoride in trace amounts.

 Purified water

Produced by distillation, deionization, reverse osmosis or other suitable processes that meet the legal definition of "purified water". May also be known as "demineralized water".

Reverse Osmosis 


De-ionized Water 

De-ionized Water. A process of exchanging "hard" ions for "soft." The total ions are still present. The end result is the same. But the water has the appearance of being distilled. Since water leaving the sodium-cation exchanger has little hardness, it contains sodium salts. 

Distilled Water 


Hard water 


Soft water 


Boiled water


 Raw water

 This has not been boiled. Raw water may be hard (as calcium hardened water) or soft as rain water. It contains millions of germs and viruses in every densely inhabited drop. Some of these viruses and bacteria may adversely affect the thyroid gland, the liver and other vital body organs.

 Rain water


Filtered water


 Spring water


Fresh water


Brakish water


Within harbors, bays, and other estuaries, marked differences can exist in the amount and type of fouling agents present in the water. The main environmental factors responsible, singly or in combination, for these differences are the salinity, the degree of pollution, and the prevalence of silt. Moreover, the influence of these factors can be very specific to the type of organism involved. Apart from differences that can develop between different parts of the same estuary, there can also be differences between fouling in enclosed waters and on the open coast. In this respect the extent of offshore coastal fouling is strongly determined by the accessibility to a natural source of infection. Local currents, average temperature, seasonal effects, depth, and penetration of light are operative factors. The presence of pollutants can also be quite important and highly variable in coastal areas.

 Sea water

Seawater typically contains about 3.5% sodium chloride, although the salinity may be weakened in some areas by dilution with fresh water or concentrated by solar evaporation in others. Seawater is normally more corrosive than fresh water because of the higher conductivity and the penetrating power of the chloride ion through surface films on a metal. The rate of corrosion is controlled by the chloride content, oxygen availability, and the temperature. The 3.5% salt content of seawater produces the most corrosive chloride salt solution.

Potable water

Potable water is fresh water that is sanitized with oxidizing biocides such as chlorine or ozone to kill bacteria and make it safe for drinking purposes. By definition, certain mineral constituents are also restricted. For example, the chlorinity will be not more than 250 ppm chloride ion in the United States or 400 ppm on an international basis.

Waste water

By definition, waste water is any water that is discarded after use. Sanitary waste from private or industrial applications is contaminated with fecal matter, soaps, detergents, etc., but is quite readily handled from a corrosion standpoint. Industrial wastes from chemical or petrochemical sources can contain strange and specific contaminants which greatly complicate materials selection, especially in the uses of plastics and elastomers.

Thus the consumption water by human can be divide into external use and internal use. Acidic water can be used for external/topical purpose while alkaline water can be used internally.