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Summary sheet: 3-MMC
Chemical Nomenclature
Common names 3-MMC, Metaphedrone
Substitutive name 3-Methylmethcathinone
Class Membership
Psychoactive class Stimulant / Entactogen
Chemical class Cathinone
Routes of Administration


Threshold 50 mg
Light 50 - 150 mg
Common 150 - 250 mg
Strong 250 - 350 mg
Heavy 350 mg +
Total 4 - 6 hours
Onset 10 - 30 minutes
Come up 30 - 60 minutes
Peak 2 - 3 hours
Offset 1 - 1.5 hours
After effects 2 - 4 hours

Threshold 20 mg
Light 20 - 40 mg
Common 40 - 60 mg
Strong 60 - 120 mg
Heavy 120 mg +
Total 2.5 - 4.5 hours
Onset 5 - 10 minutes
Come up 10 - 20 minutes
Peak 1 - 1.5 hours
Offset 1 - 2 hours
After effects 1 - 1.5 hours


Serotonin releasers

3-Methylmethcathinone (also known as 3-MMC or metaphedrone[1]) is a novel stimulant-entactogen substance of the cathinone class. It is a structural analog of mephedrone (4-MMC). It is thought to produce its effects by promoting the release of dopamine and serotonin, although studies are lacking.

3-MMC first became available on the online research chemical market shortly after the banning of mephedrone. It is a prominent example of a contemporary designer drug specifically chosen to mimic and/or replace the functional and structural features of its recently-controlled predecessors.

Subjective effects include stimulation, anxiety suppression, disinhibition, enhanced empathy and sociability, relaxation, increased libido, and euphoria. 3-MMC's effects are reported to be similar to those of mephedrone, which is sometimes described as a hybrid of MDMA and cocaine. However, 3-MMC is described as being slightly less entactogenic and more stimulating, and some report more side effects. Like mephedrone and cocaine, it is associated with compulsive redosing and abuse.

Limited data exists about the pharmacological properties, metabolism, and toxicity of 3-MMC, and it has little history of human use.[citation needed] Preliminary evidence suggests it may possess neurotoxic and cardiotoxic properties. It is highly advised to use harm reduction practices if using this substance.


3-MMC, or 3-Methylmethcathinone, is a molecule of the substituted cathinone class. Cathinones are a sub-category of amphetamines, sharing the core amphetamine structure of a phenyl ring bound to an amino (NH2) group through an ethyl chain and an additional methyl substitution at Rα.

3-MMC and other cathinones are differentiated by their ketone substitution on the beta carbon of the amphetamine skeleton, meaning they are β-keto-amphetamines. 3-MMC has two methyl substitutions on its cathinone skeleton, one at R3 of the phenyl ring, and a second at the nitrogen group RN. 3-MMC is analogous to mephedrone; it is identical in structure except for the placement of the methyl group at R4 instead of R3

3-MMC contains a chiral centre at the C-2 carbon of the propane side-chain, so that two enantiomers exist: R-3-MMC and S-3-MMC. Due to the similarity with cathinone the S form is thought to be more potent than the R form.[2]

The hydrochloride salt of 3-MMC is a white crystalline powder. It has a melting point of 193.2 ± 0.2°C (hydrochloride salt) and a boiling point of 280.5 ± 23.0°C at 760 mm Hg. It is sparingly soluble in PBS; slightly soluble in ethanol, dimethyl sulfoxide, and dimethyl formamide.[2]



Subjective effects

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Physical effects

Cognitive effects

Visual effects

After effects
Aftereffects (3).svg

Experience reports


Additional experience reports can be found here:

Toxicity and harm potential


This toxicity and harm potential section is a stub.




Dependence and abuse potential



Dangerous interactions


  • Tramadol - Tramadol lowers the seizure threshold.[5] Combinations with stimulants may further increase this risk.

Serotonin syndrome risk


Legal status

  • Czech Republic: 3-MMC is banned in the Czech Republic.[9]
  • Germany: 3-MMC is controlled under Anlage I BtMG (Narcotics Act, Schedule I)[10] as of December 13, 2014.[11] It is illegal to manufacture, possess, import, export, buy, sell, procure or dispense it without a license.[12]
  • Sweden: 3-MMC is classified as a narcotic substance.[13]
  • Switzerland: 3-MMC can be considered a controlled substance as a defined derivative of Cathinone under Verzeichnis E point 1. It is legal when used for scientific or industrial use.[14]
  • Turkey: 3-MMC is a classed as drug and is illegal to possess, produce, supply, or import.[15] [16]
  • United States: 3-MMC is not formally listed but is categorized by the DEA as a Schedule I Positional Isomer. [1]

See also

External links

Forum discussion


  2. 2.0 2.1 https://www.who.int/medicines/access/controlled-substances/4.4_3-MMC_CritReview.pdf
  3. References The effects and toxicity of cathinones from the users' perspectives: A qualitative study. (2017, June 20). Wiley Online Library. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/hup.2610
  9. https://www.zakonyprolidi.cz/cs/2013-463
  10. "Anlage I BtMG" (in German). Bundesministerium der Justiz und für Verbraucherschutz. Retrieved December 25, 2019. 
  13. http://rkrattsbaser.gov.se/sfst?fritext=3-MMC&upph=false&sort=desc
  15. https://resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2014/01/20140125-3.htm
  16. https://resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2014/01/20140125-3-1.pdf