1. Where is the abdominal cavity located?
    • Below the diaphragm. extends thoracic cavity pelvic
    • (FUN. pg 343)
  2. What is located in the small abdominal cavity?
    Stomach, Small Intestine, Large Intestine, Kidneys, Liver, Spleen, and gallbladder. pancreas (FUN. pg 343)
  3. What are the names of the 9 quadrants of the abdomen and the names of the 4 abdominal quadrants?
    • (left & right) hypochondriac
    • (left & right) lumbar
    • (left & right) inguinal
    • epigastric, umbilical, hypogastric
    • upper left quadrant (UL)
    • upper right quadrant (UR)
    • lower left quadrant (LL)
    • lower right quadrant (LR)
  4. How do you document abuse in the nursing note?
    use direct quotations. nurses notes, "incident report completed" should not be included in nurses notes. incident reports are for agency use.
  5. How does diffusion work in regards to the respiratory system (the
    transfer of O2 and CO2)?
    • Deoxygenated blood travels into the vein
    • into the heart through the pulmonary vein into the lings where diffusion
    • between CO2 and O2 then it will travel back into the heart out of the
    • aorta and deliver oxygen to the body.
  6. How does osmosis work?
    • Movement of water to areas of higher
    • concentration to lower concentration
  7. How does diffusion work?
    Movement of solutes from higher concentration to lower concentration to equalize and balance
  8. How does filtration work?
    Transfer of water and dissolved substances from a region of high pressure to low pressure. filtration moves in one direction due to hydrostatic pressure and results in water and electrolytes moving from capillaries to interstitial fluid.
  9. How does active transport work?
    its occurs when electrolytes are needed to move from an area of lower to higher concentration.Energy is released from the cell in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to enable substances to pass through the cell membrane.
  10. What do you do if someone is stuck with a dirty needle?
    milk the puncture and test for any diseases
  11. Describe the structure of the ear
    external, mid, inner ear
  12. 12. What are sordes?
    accumulation of foul matter
  13. 13. What do you have to do for sordes?
    teach or provide regular oral cleaning.
  14. 14. Describe the epiglottis and what it does and its location
    airway to the larynx that closes during swallowing, routing food to the esophagus.
  15. 15. Describe false imprisonment and what constitutes fasle imprisonment in the nursing field.
    “unlawful restraint of detention of another person against his or her will or wishes.”
  16. Describe how to do an intradermal injection and what it is used for?
    15° bevel up on either lower-arm, upper chest, pack of scapulae. used for allerfy and tuberculin (always on the left arm) tests.
  17. How do you assess your client?
    head to toes, focused assessment, observation, question.
  18. What are normal vitals?
    T: 98.6°F - 100.4°F / 37°C - 38°C P: 60 - 100 BP: 120/80 RR:12-20
  19. If the patient request last rites what should the nurse do?
    Provide time and privacy to carry out ritual to show respect for client. Allow spiritual counselors private time with client and family.
  20. How do you take an adult temperature from the ear?
    Pull pinna up and back
  21. How do you take a child’s temperature from the ear?
    Under age 3: pull pinna back and down.
  22. Describe how you would provide eardrops for both a child and an adult
    • a. warm drops for 5 minutes
    • b. place client on unaffected side or tilt head to unaffected side
    • c. Partially fill ear dropper.
    • d. use non-dominant hand to straighten ear canal.
    • e. instill # of drops prescribed and keep client on side for 5 minutes.
    • f. place small cotton in opening for 15-20 minutes
  23. Know your med math for PO medications
    Desired / have desired : x = have: 1tab
  24. What does vitamin A do for the body?
    normal bone growth and reproduction. healthy eyes, skin, and immune system. has antioxidants that protects cells from free radicals.
  25. What does vitamin C do for the body?
    increases immune system, supporting wound healing and resistance to infection. iron absorption. protects from food oxidation. helps the formation of collagen and absorption of non-heme iron. prevent scurvy.
  26. Why does the body need vitamin D and where does the body get it from?
    Promotes calcium and phosphorus absorption in the body. Sources: milk fish liver oils, egg yolk, butter, and fortified margarine. Sunlight changes provitamin to vitamin D.
  27. Why does the body need protein?
    muscle growth and promote healing. composed of amino acids.
  28. What does the body need to heal itself?
    nutrients, protein, vitamin c, zinc
  29. What provides energy for the body and which source is the best for the body to utilize?
    Carbs, Protein, fat, cereal, grains, veggies, fruits, nuts, sugars
  30. How can the nurse advocate for a client?
    Protect the client, Be assertive, how their rights and values, Political Action.
  31. What are the diffferent types of cholesterol and which ones are good and which ones are bad and why?
    Bad: LDL/triglyceride Good:HDL liver produces cholesterol. High Cholesterol = heart disease, coronary artery disease.
  32. What is the best position for a client to cough in for after surgery and getting a sputum sample?
    High fowlers.
  33. What can the nurse do o promote coughing for a client that is in pain to allow the client to cough forcefully?
    controlled cough. deep breathing, hold pillow by abdomen say “control cough”
  34. what should the nurse do to intervene for a client suffering from depression?
    0-10 Pain scale. Face, Body Gesture, Sweating.
  35. What should a nurse do to intervene for a client suffering from depression?
    Therapeutic Communication
  36. What does the nurse have to be aware of with codeine?
    Cause Constipation. lowers respiration rate.
  37. What does the nurse need to be aware of with cough syrups with codeine added to them?
    suppresses cough reflex. fluid could build up. can cause pneumonia.
  38. Name IM injection sites and how many mLs can be injected into each site.
    Ventrogluteal, Vastus Lateralis(3ml), Deltoid(1ml), Dorsal Gluteal(4ml)
  39. What are the lengths and sizes of the needles used for IM injections?
    • 1-1.5 inches
    • 25-20 gauge needles
    • higher number is smaller needle, lower number is bigger needle.
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