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Microbiology 2

First Aid: Microbiology 2

Which variant of Neisseria has a polysaccharide capsule? Meningococci
Can cause epiglottitis, meningitis, otitis media, and pneumonia. Haemophilus influenze; does not cause the flu however
This organism causes pneumonia in alcoholics, and diabetics, with a red currant jelly sputum. Also cause of nosocomial UTI's Klebsiella; 3 A's: aspiration pneumonia, abscess in lungs, alcoholics
3 lactose-fermenting enteric bacteria? Klebsiella, E.coli, Enterobacter; grow pink colonies on MacConkeys agar
Gram negative cocci? Neisseria
Gram negative "coccoid" rod which requires NAD and hematin for culture? H. influenzae; NAD is factor V and hematin is factor X
Coccoid rod with an ADP ribosylating toxin? Bordetella pertussis
Lactose non-fermenting rod, oxidase positive? pseudomonas
Lactose non-fermenting rod, oxidase negative, bloody diarrhea, motile? Salmonella; "salmon swim"
Lactose non-fermenting rod, oxidase positive, bloody diarrhea, immotile? Shigella
This organism can cause bloody diarrhea, and mimic Crohn's or a "pseudoappendicitis". Yersinia enterocolitica
Causes food poisoning through contaminated seafood? Vibrio parahaemolyticus and V. vulificus
Causes food poisoning through reheated rice? Bacillus cereus
Causes food poisoning in meats. (4 organisms) S. aureus, C perfringens (reheated meat), E.coli, Salmonella
These 3 viruses cause watery diarrhea? rotavirus, adenovirus, norwalk virus
This organism causes bloody diarrhea and pseudomembranous colitis? C. difficile
This protozoan can cause bloody diarrhea. Entamoeba histolytica
These protoza can cause watery diarrhea, but one strikes campers and the other the immunocomprimised. Giardia (campers) cryptosporidium (immunocompromised)
This organism can cause watery diarrhea and gas gangrene? C. perfringens
This organisms toxin permanently activates Gs causing rice water diarrhea? Vibrio cholerae
This organisms toxin disables Gi, causing a whooping cough? Pertussis
The toxin of this organism is composed of a bacterial adenylate cyclase (edema factor) which increases cAMP. Bacillus anthracis
This organism requires silver stain and has an aerosol transmission from environmental water source. (No person to person transmission) Legionella
This organism is associated with wound and burn infection and a common cause of pneumonia in those with cystic fibrosis. pseudomonas aeruginosa
This urease positive organism is associated with 90% of duodenal ulcers H. pylori
This bacteria is commonly spread by tick bite? Borrelia burgdorferi in lyme disease (francisella tularensis is also spread by tick bite)
This bacteria is associated with flea bite? Yersinia pestis; plaque
This bacteria is the cause of cellulitis with dog and cat bites. Pasteurella multocida
In vaginosis, greenish, vaginal discharge with fishy smell, what would be expected under the microscope? Gardnerella vaginalis; clue cells, or vaginal epithelial cells covered with bacteria
What are common presentations of pseudomonas aeruginosa? Burn and wound infections and "PSEUDO" Pneumonia (esp in CF), Sepsis (black lesions on skin), External otitis (swimmers ear), UTI, Diabetic osteomyelitis
What is the treatment of H. pylori? 1)bismuth, metronidazole, and TTC or amoxicillin 2) Metronidazole, omeprazole, clarithromycin (expensive)
This organism causes an undulant fever and is often acquired from dairy products. Brucella
What is the treatment for pseudomonas aeruginosa? aminoglycoside plus extended-spectrum penicillin (piperacillin, ticarcillin)
What is the treatment for legionella? Erythromycin
What is the treatment for G. vaginalis? Metronidazole
What is the treatment for H. influenzae? ceftriaxone (meningitis), rifampin (prophylaxis in close contacts)
What are the 3 causes of a positive PPD test? (excluding false positive) Current infection, past exposure, BCG vaccination
What is the Ghon complex? TB granulomas with lobar (usually lower) and perihilar lymph node involvement. Reflects primary infection.
What is Pott's disease? Extrapulmonary TB of the spine that presents as a sort of arthritis of the intervertebral joints.
What are the most commmon symptoms of TB? fever, night sweats, weight loss, and hemoptysis
Patients presents with loss of eyebrows, nasal collapse, a deformed earlobe, and multiple lesions of the face. Diagnosis? Leprosy; mycobacterium leprae
Patient presents with fever, headache, and rash. Diagnosis? Rickettsiae; classic triad of fever, headache and rash. Others my apply but if this is all you get, think Ricketts!
What is the treatment for all forms of Rickettsiae? TTC
Patient presents with rash on palms of hand and soles of feet. What is the differential? (Hint: 3 of them) Rocky mountain spotted fever (Rickettsia), syphillis, Coxsackie A (Hand, foot, and mouth disease)
What is the Weil-Felix reaction? antirickettsial antibodies, usually positive for rocky mountain spotted fever and typhus
What is the classic cause of "walking" pneumonia? (insidious onset, headache, nonproductive cough, diffuse interstitial infiltrate) Mycoplasma pneumoniae
What is the treatment for mycoplasma pneumoniae? tetracycline or erythromycin
What are the two forms of chlamydia? Elementary body which is extracellular form that enters cell by endocytosis; Reticulate body which replicates in cell by fission
What are the 3 spirochetes? Borrelia, leptospira, and treponema
Created by: rahjohnson










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