marie stopes wikipedia

Stopes continued her research. [100][101][102], In 1923, Marie Stopes bought the Old Higher Lighthouse on the Isle of Portland, Dorset, as an escape from the difficult climate of London during her court case against Halliday Sutherland. You are his priests. Marie Charlotte Carmichael Stopes, nada o 15 de outubro de 1880 e finada o 2 de outubro de 1958, foi unha autora, paleobotánica, investigadora, euxenicista escocesa, defensora dos dereitos da muller e pioneira no eido da planificación da natalidade. Following attacks on "the essential fallacies of Malthusian teaching", Sutherland's book attacked Stopes. (1992). [45], In 1925, the Mothers' Clinic moved to Central London, where it remains as of 2015[update]. The Trial of Marie Stopes. Her sex manual Married Love (1918) was controversial and influential, and brought the subject of birth control into wide public discourse. The Trial of Marie Stopes. [citation needed] As a child Marie had met Francis Galton, one of the founders of modern eugenics, through her father. Fichier; Historique du fichier; Utilisation du fichier; Métadonnées; Taille de cet aperçu : 800 × 570 pixels. The classification scheme and terminology she devised for coal are still being used. In mid-1912 she delivered her results, finding for the Pennsylvanian period of the Carboniferous. [12] Scott died during the 1912 Terra Nova Expedition, but fossils of plants from the Queen Maud Mountains found near Scott's and his companions' bodies provided this evidence. Marie Charlotte Carmichael Stopes (15 d'ochobre 1880 – 2 d'ochobre 1958) foi una autora, paleobotánica, investigadora, eugenicista escocesa, defensora de los derechos de la muyer y pionera nel ámbitu de la planificación de la natalidá. Haire brought up the gold-pin episode,[44] even though Stopes' clinic had never used it. With her second husband, Humphrey Verdon Roe, Stopes founded the first birth controlclinic in Britain. It is part of the Early Pennsylvanian epoch Lancaster Formation. [citation needed], Stopes became enthusiastic about a contraceptive device called the "gold pin", which was reportedly successful in America. I speak to you of the mysteries of man and woman. [11], During Stopes's time at Manchester, she studied coal and coal balls and researched the collection of Glossopteris (Permian seed ferns). Nom dans la langue maternelle: Marie Charlotte Carmichael Stopes. The first of these was ignorance and the second was the "inborn incapacity which lies in the vast and ever increasing stock of degenerate, feeble-minded and unbalanced who are now in our midst and who devastate social customs. But, to judge from her condition, Around the start of her divorce proceedings in 1913, Stopes began to write a book about the way she thought marriage should work. La dernière modification de cette page a été faite le 2 février 2020 à 18:29. [89], In July 1931 the Women's Co-operative Guild at their conference passed a resolution advocating compulsory sterilisation for the mentally or physically unfit. Box, M. [108], British birth control campaigner and paleontologist, For the modern organisation that was named after her, see, The Marie Stopes International organisation, Fraser, H. E. & C. J. Cleal, "The contribution of British women to Carboniferous palaeobotany during the first half of the 20th century", in. Your mind in anguish gropes, He proposed all patients would be married and that no abortions would be done, but his offer was declined. [29] The Catholic Church's reaction was more strident,[30] marking the start of a conflict that lasted the rest of Stopes's life. Rose, J. Marie Stopes International was established a year later as an international non-governmental organisation (NGO) working on sexual and reproductive health. Wikipedia Wikisource ... Media in category "Marie Stopes" The following 28 files are in this category, out of 28 total. The success of Married Love encouraged Stopes to provide a follow-up; the already written Wise Parenthood: a Book for Married People, a manual on birth control that was published later that year. Marie Charlotte Carmichael Stopes (1880 ko urriaren 15a- 1958 ko urriaren 2a) idazle, paleobotanikari, ikertzaile, eugenizista eta emakumeen eskubideen defendatzailea izan zen. Page 76. Page 153. Stopes also wrote a popular book on palaeobotany, "Ancient Plants" (1910; Blackie, London), in what was called a successful pioneering effort to introduce the subject to non-scientists.[16]. Stopes gradually built up a small network of clinics across Britain, working to fund them. Sie galt als engagierte Vorkämpferin für eine höhere Ausbildung von Frauen. Stopes edited the newsletter Birth Control News, which gave explicit practical advice. [35] Stopes explained that the object of the Society was: " counteract the steady evil which has been growing for a good many years of the reduction of the birth rate just on the part of the thrifty, wise, well-contented, and the generally sound members of our community, and the reckless breeding from the C.3 end, and the semi-feebleminded, the careless, who are proportionately increasing in our community because of the slowing of the birth rate at the other end of the social scale. Her father, Henry Stopes, was a brewer, engineer, architect and palaeontologist from Colchester. [46], The clinics continued to operate after Stopes' death, but by the early 1970s they were in financial difficulties and in 1975 they went into voluntary receivership. Her mother was Charlotte Carmichael Stopes, a Shakespearean scholar and women's rights campaigner from Edinburgh. [98] Later, believing "he had betrayed her by this marriage", Stopes cut him out of any substantial inheritance. During the First World War, Stopes was engaged in studies of coal for the British government, which culminated in the writing of "Monograph on the constitution of coal" with R.V. Marie Stopes wurde als Tochter des archäologisch interessierten Architekten Henry Stopes (18521902) geboren. Stopes's passion to prove Suess's theory led her to discuss the possibility of joining Scott's next expedition to Antarctica. Gates left England the following year and did not contest the divorce, although he disputed Stopes’s claims, describing her as "super-sexed to a degree that was almost pathological". [76] He was not persuaded. She did not join the expedition, but Scott promised to bring back samples of fossils to provide evidence for the theory. [84], In Chapter XX of her 1920 book Radiant Motherhood Stopes discussed race and said that the "one central reform" was: "The power of the mother, consciously exerted in the voluntary procreation and joyous bearing of her children, is the greatest power in the world". London: Femina Books Ltd. [92], In 1934, an interview published in the Australian Women's Weekly disclosed Marie's views on mixed-race marriages: she advised correspondents against them and believed that all half-castes should be sterilised at birth... "thus painlessly and in no way interfering with the individual's life, the unhappy fate of he who is neither black nor white is prevented from being passed on to yet unborn babes. [52] On 20 July, the Court of Appeal reversed the previous decision (2–1), awarding the £100 to Stopes. [97] Stopes disliked Harry's companion, Mary Eyre Wallis, who was the daughter of the noted engineer Barnes Wallis. She made significant contributions to plant palaeontology and coal classification, and was the first female academic on the faculty of the University of Manchester. [63] In 1926, Stopes had Vectia printed under the title A Banned Play and a Preface on Censorship. In 1903 she published a study of the botany of the recently dried-up Ebbsfleet River. [47], In 1922, Dr Halliday Sutherland wrote a book called Birth Control: A Statement of Christian Doctrine Against the Neo Malthusians. After another year, she sought legal advice about ending the marriage. "[86] Stopes then stated that "a few quite simple acts of Parliament" could deal with "this prolific depravity" through sterilisation by x-rays and assured the reader that "when Bills are passed to ensure the sterility of the hopelessly rotten and racially diseased, and to provide for the education of the child-bearing woman so that she spaces her children healthily, our race will rapidly quell the stream of the depraved, hopeless and wretched lives which are at present increasing in proportion in our midst". She opened clinics in Leeds in April 1934; Aberdeen in October 1934; Belfast in October 1936; Cardiff in October 1937; and Swansea in January 1943. She must have read the wrong edition. The Catholic community mobilised to support Sutherland, a Catholic, and Stopes publicly campaigned to raise £10,000. In 1907, during her 1904–1910 tenure at Manchester University, she arranged to research in Japan, allowing her to be with Fujii. [89] On 12 July 1940 she wrote to Winston Churchill to offer a slogan, "Fight the Battle of Britain in Berlin's Air". Marie Stopes International. Marie Stopes International est une ONGI qui promeut la santé sexuelle et reproductive. Marie Charlotte Carmichael Stopes (15 October 1880 – 2 October 1958) was a British author, palaeobotanist and campaigner for eugenics and women's rights. Défense des droits sexuels et reproductifs des femmes, pro-croix, prévention et lutte contre les maladies sexuellement transmissibles. Stopes and the doctors clashed over the method of birth—she was not allowed to give birth on her knees. [citation needed] Three months later she and Roe opened the Mothers' Clinic at 61 Marlborough Road, Holloway, North London, on 17 March 1921. Not receiving useful help, she read the legal code seeking a way to get a divorce. London: Faber and Faber Limited. [18] The book was an instant success, requiring five editions in the first year,[19] and elevated Stopes to national prominence. [60], Stopes wrote poems, plays, and novels; during the First World War she wrote increasingly didactic plays. Just raise your body from the ground, Décès: 2 octobre 1958 (à 77 ans) Dorking. The child was stillborn; the doctors suggested the incident was due to syphilis, but an examination excluded the possibility. A few months later, she asked Norman Haire, an Australian doctor, whether he would be interested in running a clinical trial of the device, as she had two correspondents who wanted to use it. Un article de Wikipédia, l'encyclopédie libre. Page 94. She was 38 years old. [37] Fondée par Tim Black et Jean Black en l'honneur Marie Stopes, une paléobotaniste écossaise, son siège est à Londres. MSI Reproductive Choices, named Marie Stopes International until November 2020, is an international non-governmental organisation providing contraception and safe abortion services in 37 countries around the world. In 1922, Stopes wrote A New Gospel to All Peoples. Marie Stopes and the Sexual Revolution. [80], The objects of the Society For Constructive Birth Control and Racial Progress showed eugenic aims,[81] summarised in point 16: "In short, we are profoundly and fundamentally a pro-baby organisation, in favour of producing the largest possible number of healthy, happy children without detriment to the mother, and with the minimum wastage of infants by premature deaths. Stopes was even remembered in a playground rhyme: Jeanie, Jeanie, full of hopes, Stopes was furious and said her baby had been murdered. She held the post of Lecturer in Palaeobotany at the University of Manchester from 1904 to 1910; in this capacity she became the first female academic of that university. Noël Coward wrote a poem about her, and she edited Lord Alfred Douglas' letters. [citation needed], In 1911, Stopes married Canadian geneticist Reginald Ruggles Gates. And if perhaps you fail all round Sutherland's barrister successfully argued that as soon as the jury decided that the statements were true in substance and in fact, that was the end of the matter. In 1910, the Geological Survey of Canada commissioned Stopes to determine the age of the Fern Ledges, a geological structure at Saint John, New Brunswick. [25] She sent Mrs. E. B. Mayne to disseminate the Letter to Working Mothers to the slums of East London. [31][32] This was a serious issue for Roe; after their marriage, he and Stopes planned to open a clinic for poor mothers in London.[33]. [99] She tried to get Humphrey's support against the marriage, arguing that any grandchildren might inherit Mary's myopia. Pages liées; Téléverser un fichier; Pages spéciales; Version imprimable; Informations sur la page; Dans d’autres langues. [66][67], In collaboration with Joji Sakurai, Stopes produced a translation of three Japanese plays Plays of Old Japan: The Nō in 1913.[68]. The global partnership took over responsibility for the main clinic, and in 1978 it began its work overseas in New Delhi, India. [50] The court case began on 21 February 1923; it was acrimonious. [48] In the inter-war years, the terms "birth control" and "eugenics" were closely related; according to Jane Carey they were "so intertwined as to be synonymous".[49]. Stopes' newsletter Birth Control News, her book Married Love, and her organisation Marie Stopes International, were hugely important in Britain and throughout the British Empire. Plantilya:Infobox scientist Marie Charlotte Carmichael Stopes Oktobre 15, 1880 – October 2, 1958) sarong parasurat na Briton, palaeobotanist asin taga kampanya kan eugenics asin karapatan kan mga kababaihan. 4 févr. London: Femina Books Ltd. Wheeler in 1918. Marie Stopes at her laboratory in the Victoria University of Manchester. [103] She founded and curated the Portland Museum, which opened in 1930. [38] It offered mothers birth control advice, taught them birth control methods and dispensed Stopes own "Pro-Race"[39] (and later the "Racial")[40] cervical caps. And fly to Marie Stopes. He was disturbed by what he considered her suffragette support. In reaction to this attitude, Marie Stopes International in 2020 changed its name to "MSI Reproductive Choices" with no other changes. In 1920, Sanger proposed opening a clinic in London; this encouraged Stopes to act more constructively, but her plan never materialised. Margaret Sanger, another birth-control pioneer, had opened a birth control clinic in New York but the police closed it. Les activités principales de l'organisation sont le planning familial, les avortements plus sûrs pour la mère et les soins post-opératoires; la santé de la mère et de l'enfant, y compris l'accouchement et les soins obstétriques; le diagnostic et le traitement de maladies sexuellement transmissibles; la prévention du VIH/SIDA. "[93], In August 1939 she sent a copy of her Love Song for Young Lovers to Adolf Hitler because "Love is the greatest thing in the world". [14] The Government of Canada published her results in 1914. [85] She added that two "main dangers" stood in the way. [26], This lack of success made Stopes contemplate a different approach to taking her message to the poor. Married Love was published on 26 March 1918; that day, Stopes was visiting Humphrey Roe, who had just returned with a broken ankle from service during the First World War after his aeroplane crashed. Under the headings "Specially Hurtful to the Poor" and "Exposing the Poor to Experiment", it read: In the midst of a London slum a woman, who is a doctor of German philosophy (Munich), has opened a Birth Control Clinic, where working women are instructed in a method of contraception described by Professor McIlroy as 'The most harmful method of which I have had experience'. Her recipe proved very effective. Four questions were put to the jury, which they answered as follows: Based on the jury's verdict, barristers for both sides asked for judgement in their favour, so it came down to legal argument. Photo: Wikipedia. Her will left her clinic to the Eugenics Society; most of her estate went to the Royal Society of Literature. The relationship ended. British Association for the Advancement of Science, Society for Constructive Birth Control and Racial Progress, Birth control movement in the United States, "Abortion provider changes name over Marie Stopes eugenics link", "New Exhibition: Celebrating the Linnean Society's First Women Fellows",, "Law, Literature and Libel: Victorian Censorship of "Dirty Filthy" Books on Birth Control, "Muriel Spark: The Biography by Martin Stannard", "Birth Control Nursing in the Marie Stopes Mothers' Clinics 1921–1931", "Eugenics: the skeleton that rattles loudest in the left's closet | Jonathan Freedland",, "Marie Stopes Pictures, Portland, Dorset", "Marie Stopes Memorial Lecture 1975. To provide evidence for the main clinic, and she appealed though Stopes ' clinic had never been.! Arguing that any grandchildren might inherit Mary 's myopia izan zen, Paleontologia n egin zituen oso. 22 ] Stopes rediscovered the use of contraceptives was the daughter of the noted Barnes... 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