Diploma in sports- Anatomy and physiology

Diploma in sports- Anatomy and physiology

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  • Created by: Hayley
  • Created on: 14-11-10 09:07
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Monday 8th November 2010
Anatomy and physiology- Muscles
Involuntary (smooth)
Involuntary muscles are found in the body's internal organs. It performs its functions without any
conscious control, but usually quite slow.
Blood vessels
Voluntary muscles (skeletal)
Voluntary muscles are also known as `striped' or `striated'.
Mainly found attached to the skeleton, capable of rapid contraction which causes skeletal muscles. It
is under our conscious control.
Latissimus Dorsi
Cardiac muscle (the heart)
The cardiac muscle is only found in the heart and also involuntary. It never tires until we die. It pumps
blood around the body.
Muscles can only create movement in one direction. They become shorter. This means that you need
two muscles at every joint.
Therefore muscles work in pairs for example when the biceps contract it makes your elbow flex to
pull your forearm up.

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E.G. Biceps and triceps, Quadriceps and hamstring
Muscles working in opposite directions link the above examples.
Antagonistically- the muscles doing the work creating the movement is called the agonist or prime
mover. The muscles which is relaxing and letting the movement take place, is called the antagonist.
When other muscles assist the prime mover in creating a movement, these other muscles are called
Types of contraction
Isometric contraction
The muscles stay the same length as it works and no movement occurs.…read more

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