Important 5 marks Question Physics Class 12th

The Central Board of Secondary Education conducts the Class 12th board examination. The exam is generally conducted in the month of March every year. Students who are going to appear for CBSE class 12 exam must focus on the important questions while preparing for their examination. The important 5 marks question for Physics class 12 is provided here.
Physics is one of the most crucial subjects in CBSE Class 12. Students who are aspiring to make a career in the medical or engineering field must prepare well for this subject to get into a good college. Solving important questions is one of the best ways to prepare for the examination. Students are advised to understand the concepts and theories of physics properly before the exam.
The important 5 marks question for physics class 12th is given here so that students can prepare for their exam more effectively. The important questions are designed by subject experts according to the latest CBSE Class 12 Physics syllabus and the latest question pattern of the board.

The Important 5 marks Question Physics Class 12th is provided below.

Question 1-

(a) Define electric dipole moment. Is it scalar or a vector? Derive the expression for the electric field of a dipole at a point on the equatorial plane of the dipole.

(b) Draw the equipotential surfaces due to an electric dipole. Locate the points where the potential due to the dipole is zero.

Question 2-

  1. Using Biot-Savart’s law, derive the expression for the magnetic field in the vector form at a point on the axis of a circular current loop.
  2. What does a toroid consist of? Find out the expression for the magnetic field inside a toroid for N turns of the coil having the average radius r and carrying a current I. Show that the magnetic field in the open space inside exterior of the toroid is zero.

Question 3- Using Bohr’s postulates, derive the expression for the frequency of radiation emitted when electron in hydrogen atom undergoes transition from higher energy state(quantum number \(n_{i}\)) to the lower state, (\(n_{f}\)). When electron in hydrogen jumps from energy state \(n_{i} = 4\) to \(n_{r} = 3,2,1\), identify the spectral series to which the emission lines belong.

Question 4- Using Gauss’ law deduce the expression for the electric field due to a uniformly charged spherical conducting shell of radius R at a point

(i) Outside

(ii) Inside the shell.

Plot a graph showing variation of electric field as a function of r > R and r < R (r being the distance from the centre of a shell)

Question 5-

  1. Draw the plot of binding energy per nucleon (BE/A) as a function of mass number A. Write two important conclusion that can be drawn regarding the nature of nuclear force.
  2. Use this graph to explain the release of energy in both the process of nuclear fusion and fission.
  3. Write the basic nuclear process of neutron undergoing \(\beta\)-decay. Why is the detection of neutrinos found very difficult.

Question 6-

  1. Draw a schematic sketch of a cyclotron. Explain clearly the role of crossed electric and magnetic field in accelerating the charge. Hence derive the expression for the kinetic energy acquired by the particles.
  2. An \(\alpha\)-particle and a proton are released from the centre of the cyclotron and made to accelerate.

(i) Can both be accelerated at the same cyclotron frequency? Give reason to justify your answer.

(ii) When they are accelerated in turn, which of the two will have higher velocity at the exit slit of the dees?

Question 7- Draw a labelled diagram of Van de Graaff generator. State its working principle to show how by introducing a small charged sphere into a larger sphere, a large amount of charge can be transferred to the outer sphere. State the use of this machine and also point out its limitations.

Question 8-

  1. Deduce the expression for the torque acting on a dipole moment p in the presence of uniform electric field \(\vec{E}\)
  2. Consider two hollow concentric sphere \(S_{1}\) and \(S_{2}\) enclosing charges 2Q and 4Q respectively. Thus find the ratio of the electric flux through them. Also tell how will the electric flux through the sphere \(S_{1}\) change if a medium of dielectric constant ‘L’ is introduced in the space inside \(S_{1}\) in place of air?

Deduce the necessary expression.

Question 9-

  1. In Young’s double slit experiment, describe briefly how bright and dark fringes are obtained on the screen kept in front of a double slit. Hence obtain the expression for the fringe width.
  2. The ratio of the intensities at minima to the maxima in the Young’s double slit experiment is 9:25. Then find the ratio of the widths of the two slits.

Question 10-

  1. Describe briefly how a diffraction pattern is obtained on a screen due to a single narrow slit illuminated by a monochromatic source of light. Hence obtain the conditions for the angular width of secondary maxima and secondary minima.
  2. Two wavelengths of sodium light of 590 nm and 596 nm are used in turn to study the diffraction taking place at a single slit of aperture \(2 \times 10^{-8}\) m . The distance between the slit and the screen is 1.5 m. Calculate the separation between the position of first maxima of the diffraction pattern obtained in the two cases.

Question 11-

  1. Draw a labelled diagram of moving coil galvanometer. Describe briefly its principle and working.
  2. Answer the following-

(i) Why is it necessary to introduce a cylindrical soft iron core inside the coil of a galvanometer.

(ii) Increasing the current sensitivity of a galvanometer may not necessarily increase its voltage sensitivity. Explain, giving reason.

Question 12-

  1. Deduce an expression for the frequency of revolution of a charged particle in a magnetic field and show that it is independent of energy of the particle.
  2. Draw a schematic sketch of a cyclotron. Explain, giving the essential details of its construction, how it is used to accelerate the charged particles.

Question 13-

  1. Define wavefront. Use Huygens’ principle to verify the laws of refraction.
  2. How is linearly polarised light obtained by the process of scattering of light? Find the brewster angle for air-glass interface, when the refractive index of glass = 1.5.

Question 14-

  1. Draw a ray diagram to show the the image formation by a combination of two thin convex lenses in contact. Obtain the expression for the power of this terms of the focal lengths of the lenses.
  2. A ray of light passing from air through an equilateral glass prism undergoes minimum deviation when the angle of incidence is 3/4th of the angle of prism. Calculate the speed of light in the prism.

Question 15- A police jeep is moving with velocity 45 kmph is chasing a thief who in another jeep is moving with velocity 153 kmph. Policeman fires a bullet with muzzle velocity of 180 m/s. What is the velocity with which it will strike the car of the thief?

Question 16- Derive an expression for the loss in KE in a completely inelastic collision in one dimension.

Question 17- The driver of an automobile moving with a speed of 36kmph sees a child standing in the middle of a road and brings his vehicle to rest in 4s just in time to save the child. What is the average retarding force on vehicle? The mass of the automobile is 1200 kg and the mass of the driver is 50 kg.

Question 18- State Work-Kinetic energy theorem. Prove it.

Question 19- Obtain the expression for acceleration due to gravity at a height “h” above the surface of earth.

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