Bloat and GDV can be problems for big dogs

Q: Can my dog’s stomach explode from bloat or gastric dilatation volvulus (GDV)?

A: Bloat is a condition in which the stomach is severely distended. It can distend as a result of eating too much or swallowing too much air. In rare circumstances the stomach can perforate.

Severe distention is painful to dogs and makes them highly uncomfortable. Dogs that are diagnosed with bloat are usually treated medically; they are given medications to make them feel more comfortable, provided with fluids, and observed closely for any changes.

Most veterinarians recommend that any dog treated for a bloat be considered for a prophylactic gastropexy because the dog might be predisposed to a GDV. This elective surgical procedure involves anchoring the stomach to the body wall so that it cannot twist on itself and develop a GDV. I prefer to do these in a minimally invasive fashion via an endoscopically assisted gastropexy. This allows for a quicker and less painful recovery.

If the stomach twists on itself, then it is considered a GDV. Dogs with GDV may be hacking or trying to vomit along with having severe abdominal distention, pain and debilitation. If not treated immediately, the stomach will perforate, resulting in leakage of gas and stomach contents within the abdomen.

All dogs with GDV will go into shock and die without veterinary intervention. This is why it is important for an owner to be familiar with the signs of GDV. Bloat and GDV can appear very similar from the outside. When taken to the veterinarian, X-rays are typically performed to distinguish between bloat and GDV.

Large dogs and deep-chested dogs may have a genetic predisposition to GDV. The breed at greatest risk is the Great Dane, with an approximate 37 percent lifetime likelihood of developing a GDV. For this reason I recommend Great Danes undergo a prophylactic gastropexy.

Dr. Mauricio Dujowich is a board-certified specialist in veterinary surgery at the Veterinary Specialty Hospital ( with locations in Sorrento Valley and San Marcos.


