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Doctors discourage videos for kids under two

Child watching television

As many as 90 per cent of parents acknowledge that their infants watch some sort of electronic media (Source: Alex Motrenko/iStockphoto)

Glued to the screen Children under the age of two years should not watch television or videos because it could harm their development, a US paediatricians' group warns.

Instead, parents should talk to them and encourage independent play, according to the first guidelines issued in more than a decade by the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP).

The advice is the same as that issued in 1999 by United States' largest association of paediatricians, but this time it also warns parents of how their own screen-watching habits may delay their children's ability to talk.

"This updated policy statement provides further evidence that media, both foreground and background, have potentially negative effects and no known positive effects for children younger than two years," it says.


The latest guidelines do not refer to interactive play such as video games on smart phones or other devices, but to media watched passively on any kind of screen, be it phone, computer, television or other.

Paediatrician Ari Brown says the update was needed because of the explosion of baby DVDs targeting the 0 to 2 age group, and because as many as 90 per cent of parents acknowledge that their infants watch some sort of electronic media.

"Clearly, no one is listening to this message," says Brown. "In this ubiquitous screen world, I think we need to find a way to manage it, and make it a healthy media diet."

Second-hand television viewing

The AAP urges paediatricians to discuss media use with new parents, and says adults should be aware of how distracted they become when the television is on.

"I like to call it second hand TV," says Brown, who is the lead author of the AAP guidelines.

Studies cited in the guidelines say that parents interact less with children when the television is on, and a young child at play will glance at the TV, if it is on, even in the background, three times per minute.

"When the TV is on the parent is talking less," says Brown. "There is some scientific evidence that shows that the less talk time a child has, the poorer their language development is."

Long-term effects still unknown

Though about 50 studies have been done in the past decade on media viewing by tots, none have followed heavy television watchers into later childhood or adulthood, so any long-term effects are not known. Heavy media use is defined as a household in which the television is on all or most of the time.


Even so-called educational videos are not benefiting kids under two because they are too young to be able to understand the images on the screen, says the AAP.


Paediatricians are therefore discouraging any screen viewing for infants, and urging parents to limit media viewing to under two hours per day for children two years and over.

According to the guidelines, "Unstructured playtime is more valuable for the developing brain than any electronic media exposure."
