Nyanza Provinceprovince, southwestern Kenya, East Africa, including 1,403 square miles (3,636 square km) of Lake Victoria, and with a high population density of nearly 440 per square mile. The principal cash crop is cotton, with coffee and tea production in the northeast. The western districts are populated primarily by the Luo, with the Gusii dominating the eastern districts. Kisumu, the provincial capital, is the major urban centre in western Kenya. Small amounts of copper and gold are mined at Macalder in the southwest. The province supports some light industry and agricultural processing plants. Area 6,240 square miles (16,162 square km). Pop. (1999 prelim.) 4,392,196; (2009) 5,442,711.