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X-Ray Test 1

X-Ray Tube

1. The most widely used support structure for the x-ray tube is the... ceiling support system
2. The external structure of the x-ray tube includes the support structure, the protective housing, and the ... glass envelope
3. The negative side of the x-ray tube holds the ... filament
4. What is the most common cause of tube failure? tungsten vaporization
5. The target of the rotating anode is usually coated with a ________ alloy. tungsten
6. The ______ is the source of radiation in the x-ray tube. focal spot
7. High capacity tube rotors revolve at ______. 10,000 rpm
8. The x-ray intensity is lower on the anode side of the tube because of the ... heel effect
9. Tube failure can occur from ... long exposure times
10. A dual focus tube has two filaments
11. Each tube has its own tube rating chart to show... maximum exposure time
12. The _______ is/are outside the glass envelope. stators
13. The heel effect is caused by the ... anode angle
14. The effective focal spot size is _____ the actual focal spot size. smaller than
15. Localized pitting or cracking on the anode can occur from ... a single excessive exposure
16. Most of the heat generated at the target is due to ... outer-shell excitation
17. The production of heat at the anode is directly proportional to ... tube current
18. Approximately _____% of the kinetic energy of the projectile electrons is converted to x-rays at the target. 1%
19. Electron interations at the inner shell of the target atoms produce _____ radiation. characteristic
20. The useful characteristic x-rays from tungsten targets are _____(shell) x-rays. K-shell
21. Most of the x-rays produced at the target are _____. bremsstrahlung
22. At 55 kVp ____% of the x-rays produced are bremsstrahlung. 100%
23. Bremsstrahlung x-rays are produced by _____ at the target. slowing electrons
24. Characteristic x-rays are produced by ... released binding energy
25. An exposure taken at 100 kVp would have a continuous emission spectrum with a maximum energy of _____ keV. 100
26. An increase in mAs would (increase or not affect) the (amplitude or position) of the emission spectrum. increase, amplitude
27. The discrete portion of the x-ray emission spectrum would change position with a change in (kVp, target material, or voltage ripple). target material
28. How does added filtration affect the emission spectrum? (increased or reduced amplitude) and (shift to right or left) reduced, right
29. The number of useful x-rays in the beam defines x-ray... (kVp, quality, quantity or mAs) quantity
30. Standard x-ray machines produce about ___ mR/mAs at 70 kVp measured at 100 cm SID. 5 mR/mAs
31. If filter thickness is _____, then x-ray intensity is _____. (increased or reduced) and (increased or reduced). There are two answers increased, reduced and reduced, increased (filtration is proportional to spectrum, speed inversely to dose).
32. If x-ray quantity is doubled, the optical density on the finished radiograph will be ... (reduced by half, just slightly increased or increased by a factor of two) increased by a factor of two
33. If a technologist changes the technique from 70 kVp @ 200 mAs to 70 kVp @ 400 mAs, then the x-ray intensity will ____ and optical density will ____. (double or remain the same) both lines double, double
34. An increase of 15% in kVp is equivalent to increase mAs ____%. 100
35. If an exposure is 50 mR at an SID of 40 inches, what would the exposure be at an SID of 60 inches? 22.2mR (inverse square law)
36. An x-ray beam that could pass through dense tissue would have high ____. (penetrability, quality or quantity). Both penetrability and quality
37. A low quality beam would also have low ... (penetrability, quantity, mAs or intensity). penetrability
38. Image contrast is affected by ... (beam quality, kVp or mAs). Both beam quality and kVp
39. Added filtration will ____ beam quality and ____ beam quantity. (decrease or increase) both lines. increase, decrease
40. The scattered x-ray from a Compton interaction usually retains ____ of the energy of the incident photon. (none, little, most, all) most
41. Compton scatter is directed at ____ degrees angle from the incident beam. (0, 180, 90, any) any degrees
42. Only at energies above 10MeV can ____ take place. (photodisintegration, pair production, Compton Scatter or photoelectric absorption) photodisintergration
43. When the mass density of the absorber is ___, it results in ____ Compton scatter. (increased or decrease) both lines increased, increased
44. Because of differential absorption, about ___% of the incident beam from the x-ray tube contributes to the finished image. 0.5%
45. Attenuation is caused by ___. (absorption, scattering or transmission) absorption and scattering
46. Barium is a good contrast agent because of its... high atomic number
47. The use of contrast agents increases the amount of (differential absorption, Compton scatter or photoelectric absorption) All of them
48. A negative contrast agent is ___. (air, iodine, barium or water) air
49. X-rays transmitted without interaction contribute to ... (photoelectric absorption, the radiographic image, image fog or beam attenuation) the radiographic image
50. If 5% of an incident beam is transmitted through a body part, then 95% of that beam was ... (scattered, attenuated, absorbed or back-scattered) attenuated
Created by: radtechstudent
