Land and Climate

People and Culture

Language and Religion

The vast majority of Libyans speak Arabic, the national language. Pastoral groups in the south, such as the nomadic Tuareg, use dialects of the Berber language. Many Libyans also speak Italian, English, or French as a second language.

Most Libyans are Muslims who belong to the Sunnah branch of Islam. Islam is practiced by all the language groups, including the Berber-speaking people who maintain much of their traditional culture. In Cyrenaica and Fezzan, an important…

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Culture and Education


History and Government