AQA C3 GCSE Revision

Hope this helps :) xxxx

HideShow resource information
  • Created by: Roz
  • Created on: 22-05-12 19:58
Preview of AQA C3 GCSE Revision

First 158 words of the document:

John Dalton:
Arranged the elements in order of their mass.
Published a table of elements in a book, 1808.
John Newlands:
Law of octaves ­ every 8th element had similar properties.
Produced a table of his octaves ­ several mistakes
Thought all elements had been found.
Knew that it was wrong, but was determined to make it work.
Table was not accepted by others, 1863.
Produced a clear diagram for octaves.
When his work was published in 1862 the diagram was missed out.
Dmitri Mendeleev:
Arranged elements so properties can be seen.
Left gaps for undiscovered elements, 1869.
Father of the modern periodic table.
Group (column) number = number of electrons in outer shell
Period (row) number = number of shells
Atomic number = number of protons
Similarities in groups
Ordered by atomic number
Page | 1

Other pages in this set

Page 2

Preview of page 2

Here's a taster:

Very reactive
Very low density
Very soft
Shiny when first cut, then go dull after reacting with oxygen
As you go down the group, the elements get more reactive. There is
just 1 electron in the outer shell. The outer electron gets further away
from the protons and there are more shells shielding the attraction
between the nucleus and the outer electron.…read more

Page 3

Preview of page 3

Here's a taster:

Low melting and boiling points
Poor heat and electrical conductors
All look different
As you go down the group, the elements get less reactive. There are 7 electrons in the outer
shell. All of these elements exist as molecules made up of two atoms. They react with
non-metals to form covalent compounds and with metals to form ionic compounds.…read more

Page 4

Preview of page 4

Here's a taster:

Page | 4…read more

Page 5

Preview of page 5

Here's a taster:

The pH of the solution left when an acid and alkali have completely reacted
is not always 7.
A neutral solution only forms when exactly the right amounts of a strong
acid react with a strong alkali.
Strong Acid + Strong Acid Any Indicator
Weak Acid + Strong Alkali Use Phenolphthalein
Strong Acid + Weak Alkali Use Methyl Orange
Measure a known volume of alkali into a conical flask using a pipette.
Add an indicator.
Put some acid into a burette.…read more

Page 6

Preview of page 6

Here's a taster:

Page | 6…read more

Page 7

Preview of page 7

Here's a taster:

Solute ­ Solid that dissolves in a solvent.
Solvent ­ Liquid that dissolves a solute.
Solubility ­ How much solute can be dissolved in a certain amount of a
Saturated ­ When no more solute can be dissolved in a solvent
Solution ­ Solute in a solvent.
An increase in temperature means an increase of solubility using a solid.
An increased temperature means a decreased solubility using a gas; an
increased pressure means an increased solubility using a gas.…read more

Page 8

Preview of page 8

Here's a taster:

Hard water contains calcium and magnesium ions. They react with soap to
form scum. The salts also produce scale when the water is heated. This is a
poor conductor of heat, and makes kettle and water heaters less efficient.
Hard water may be better for human health than soft water.
Soft water does not contain calcium or magnesium ions. This means that it
does not produce scum or scale.…read more

Page 9

Preview of page 9

Here's a taster:

Page | 9…read more

Page 10

Preview of page 10

Here's a taster:

Modern instrumental methods of chemical analysis depend on industry. They are
used widely in area including medicine and electronics.
Separating a mixture of compounds uses techniques which are based on
chromatography. Identifying compound once they have been separated then
uses formula mass of the molecule is measured, or other technique in which the
energy is absorbed by the compound is measured.
Infrared Spectrometry
This technique identifies which frequencies of infrared radiation are absorbed ­ the pattern of
absorbance is unique for every compound.…read more


No comments have yet been made

Similar Chemistry resources:

See all Chemistry resources »See all resources »