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Exam 1: Chapters 1-4
Mr. Temple's US History

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1) In the Columbian Exchange, the Old World and the New exchanged 1) _______
A) religious beliefs.
B) animal, plant, and microbial life forms.
C) political systems.
D) technologies.
E) scientific theories.

2) Which of the following is NOT related to the French experience in the New World? 2) _______
A) lack of royal support for colonizing efforts
B) encomiendas
C) the fur trade
D) Samuel de Champlain
E) coureurs de bois

3) Cahokia, a large Indian city in what is now Illinois, was built by 3) _______
A) the Mississippians.
B) the Adena and Hopewell cultures.
C) the Comanches.
D) the Anasazs.
E) the Aztecs.

4) Geographically, the French claimed and settled 4) _______
A) the Southwest.
B) Brazil.
C) the Mississippi Valley and Canada.
D) the Atlantic seaboard.
E) the Southeast.

5) What Indians desired most, upon encountering Europeans, was 5) _______
A) peaceful trade.
B) victims for human sacrifice rituals.
C) cultural enlightenment.
D) religious instruction.
E) allies to help them defeat their enemies.

6) Who developed strong arguments for England's continued efforts at colonizing the New World, despite early failures? 6) _______
A) Humphrey Gilbert
B) Walter Raleigh
C) Richard Hakluyt
D) Arthur Barlow
E) Francis Drake

7) Which of the following revolutionized early Native American cultures? 7) _______
A) tribal political alliances
B) the domestication of the horse
C) the discovery of hunting
D) emergence of a written language
E) the development of agriculture

graphic(Ch1, MC15.tif)

Early Botanical Illustration - New World Plants (c. 1492)
The Old World dandelion stepped off invaders' ships in the crusted mudof English
and Spanish boots and spread far beyond the newcomers' initial cultural dominions,
becoming today's most familiar "weed."

8) The commentator in this illustration of the dandelion is also portraying a classical example of the two directional functioning of the 8) _______
A) Columbian Exchange.
B) Encomienda.
C) Conquesta.
D) Mestizo.
E) Inquisition.

9) What sixteenth-century European upheaval had a profound impact upon England's settlement of the New World? _______
A) the Crusades
B) the experience of the Marian exiles
C) the Reformation
D) the War of the Roses
E) the Hundred Years' War

10) The sponsor of the failed Roanoke colony was 10) ______
A) Francis Drake.
B) Humphrey Gilbert.
C) Walter Raleigh.
D) Richard Grenville.
E) Richard Hakluyt.

11) The attitude of King James I toward tobacco 11) ______
A) was influenced by its religious usage.
B) showed that, in the end, he valued revenue more than good health.
C) changed very little during the course of his reign.
D) demonstrated his concern for the health of his people.
E) was strongly influenced by his own habit of smoking.

12) Which of the following was a New England colony? 12) ______
A) Maryland
B) South Carolina
C) New Jersey
D) Connecticut
E) Pennsylvania

13) In which one of the following colonies was the death rate for the early colonists the most severe? 13) ______
A) Pennsylvania
B) Massachusetts
C) Rhode Island
D) New York
E) Virginia

14) Seventeenth-century Quakers were known for their 14) ______
A) belief in personal humility and pacifism.
B) concept of predestination.
C) unwillingness to seek the conversion of other individuals to their faith.
D) belief in the necessity of an educated clergy.
E) aggressive and overbearing personalities.

15) William Penn guaranteed the commercial success of Philadelphia by purchasing 15) ______
A) Delaware.
B) New Hampshire.
C) Maryland.
D) New Jersey.
E) Connecticut.

16) Anne Hutchinson's skillful self-defense at her trial before the magistrates of Massachusetts Bay was ruined by 16) ______
A) her reliance on the Scriptures.
B) her rejection of free grace.
C) the fact that she was female.
D) her claim of personal revelation.
E) her affinity for the dictum of works.

17) To resolve the problem of the vast expenses New World settlement required, English merchant-capitalists introduced the concept of 17) ______
A) primogeniture.
B) mercantilism.
C) feudalism.
D) proprietorship.
E) the joint-stock company.

18) The Half-Way Covenant of seventeenth-century New England 18) ______
A) allowed the admission of slaves and Indians to Congregationalism.
B) applied, primarily, to the property rights of New England settlers.
C) made it significantly harder to practice Puritan teachings.
D) lessened, somewhat, the requirements for baptism as a Congregationalist.
E) allowed unmarried males to participate in the Congregational Church.

19) The leader of the anti-Catholic, antiproprietary rebellion in Maryland in 1689 was 19) ______
A) Edmund Andros.
B) Jacob Leisler.
C) William Berkeley.
D) John Coode.
E) Nathaniel Bacon.

20) The armed conflict which pitted Native Americans against New Englanders in 1675 was led by 20) ______
A) Metacomet (aka King Philip).
B) Massasoit.
C) Powhatan.
D) Opechancanough.
E) Tecumseh.

21) The first institution of higher learning founded in England's mainland colonies was 21) ______
A) William and Mary.
B) Yale.
C) Brown.
D) Princeton.
E) Harvard.

22) The most important reason for the difference between the New England and Chesapeake colonies was based on 22) ______
A) the much higher mortality rate of the Chesapeake colonies.
B) contrasting economic systems.
C) differing environmental conditions.
D) varying degrees of ethnic diversity in the populations.
E) the practice of slavery in the southern colonies.

23) For many Americans, the main appeal of the Enlightenment was its focus on 23) ______
A) defending traditional Christian beliefs.
B) pure scientific research.
C) reviving interest in classical education.
D) searching for useful, practical knowledge.
E) achieving a classless society.

24) By the 1760s, a substantial percentage of American exports involved trade with 24) ______
A) Brazil.
B) the West Indies.
C) France.
D) Africa.
E) Holland.

25) In 1715, 25) ______
A) virtually all men in England could vote.
B) approximately 25 percent of adult men in England could vote.
C) less than one percent of men in England could vote.
D) approximately 20 percent of adult men in England could vote.
E) virtually all men and women in England could vote.

26) A major financial problem that confronted mid-eighteenth-century America involved the 26) ______
A) colonists' refusal to buy English products.
B) shortage of gold and silver coinage.
C) heavy debt owed to the British.
D) colonies' failure to print paper money.
E) lack of credit available to merchants.

27) In order to better control the conquistadores in the New World, the Spanish government created 27) ______
A) the missions.
B) the Inquisition.
C) the hacienda.
D) the encomienda.
E) colonial governments.

28) The Frenchmen who travelled deep into the North American interior in search of furs were known as 28) ______
A) envahir.
B) coureurs de bois.
C) mulattos.
D) conquistadores.
E) encomenderos.

29) Calvinists in Scotland founded the 29) ______
A) Unitarian Church.
B) Presbyterian Church.
C) Baptist Church.
D) Methodist Church.
E) Lutheran Church.

30) In 1636, authorities in Massachusetts Bay banished Roger Williams because 30) ______
A) of his defense of Native American rights and demand for separation of church and state.
B) of his crass pursuit of profit.
C) of his bitter hostility toward the Native Americans.
D) of his conversion to Roman Catholicism.
E) of his desire to launch a new colony in Connecticut.

31) The labor system of Jamestown in its early years 31) ______
A) relied heavily on African slaves.
B) was the basis for later sharecropping systems.
C) provided indications of the laziness of settlers there.
D) replicated the traditional work experience of the settlers.
E) was highly organized and efficient.

32) From 1696 on, the ________ monitored colonial affairs closely. 32) ______
A) House of Commons
B) Privy Council
C) Board of Trade
D) Vice-Admiralty courts
E) Lords of Trade

33) In the eighteenth century, which of the following colonies had the largest African-American population? 33) ______
A) New Jersey
B) Massachusetts
C) Virginia
D) New York
E) Rhode Island

34) The first large group of German immigrants moved to America seeking 34) ______
A) an opportunity to become wealthy farmers.
B) markets for their craft products.
C) religious tolerance.
D) free land.
E) work.

35) The mission of the Spanish Armada was to 35) ______
A) defend Queen Elizabeth I of England against challenges to her rule
B) get revenge against the English for their seizure of Spanish treasure galleons
C) suppress a revolt in the Netherlands
D) eliminate Queen Elizabeth I and make England a Catholic country
E) replace Queen Elizabeth I with Mary Queen of Scots

36) The main staple of the Carolina colonies' economy by the close of the seventeenth century was 36) ______
A) cotton.
B) tobacco.
C) indigo.
D) timber.
E) rice.

37) In New England, 37) ______
A) most farm families had several servants.
B) few colonists owned their own land.
C) land ownership was widespread.
D) the social structure was characterized by wide gaps between the rich and the poor.
E) all free males could vote.

38) Colonial ministers who opposed the Great Awakening were known as 38) ______
A) "Old Lights."
B) contraries.
C) pietists.
D) evangelicals.
E) "New Lights."

39) The first Bible written in English was published in 39) ______
A) 1520. B) 1530. C) 1540. D) 1529. E) 1539.

40) In 1624, Virginia became 40) ______
A) part of Maryland.
B) an independent commonwealth.
C) the primary destination for female settlers.
D) a proprietary colony.
E) a royal colony.

41) For Spain, the American colonies were a source of great economic wealth. 41) ______

42) The Spanish Armada established Spain's dominance in the New World. 42) ______

43) Because of New York's ethnic diversity, the English cautiously asserted their hegemony over the area. 43) ______

44) The only major factor behind the migration of thousands of English men and women to the New World was the intense and greedy desire for money. 44) ______

45) The Glorious Revolution brought the Stuart monarch Charles II to the English throne. 45) ______

46) Americans contributed very little in the way of men and revenue to the conduct of the Seven Years' War. 46) ______

47) When Spanish soldiers first encountered the Aztec community in the Valley of Mexico, they were astonished at its sophistication. 47) ______

48) The Fundamental Orders were the blueprint for government in colonial Connecticut. 48) ______

49) Although women played important economic roles in seventeenth-century New England, they had relatively few legal rights. 49) ______

50) Eighteenth-century German immigrants to Pennsylvania never represented a significant or influential segment of that colony's cultural or economic life. 50) ______

ESSAY. Write your answer in the space provided or on a separate sheet of paper.
51) Describe the social, economic, and political changes which occurred in Europe and led to exploration and colonization of the New World.

52) Explain how the economies and social structures of New England, the Chesapeake, and the middle colonies differed from one another.

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