Why Cholesterol is important

Cardiac Markers

Cardiac markers are the substances released from the heart muscle when it is damaged as a result of myocardial infarction more commonly known as a heart attack.
Human heart like any other organ of the human body is made up of cells. These cells are also prone to damage like any other cell. When the heart is damaged, the cell membrane is ruptured and the contents of the heart muscle cells leak out into the surrounding areas, the most important and clinical one being the blood. Since blood can be analyzed via drainage from the superficial veins, the levels of the leaked substances can provide information regarding damage to the heart itself. The most important substances that are taken into account while performing blood tests regarding the cardiac markers include the following:
  • Cardiac Troponin
  • Creatine Kinase (CK)
  • Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH)
  • Myoglobin (Mb)
Cardiac markers , although, are now central to the definition of Acute Myoglobin Infarction (AMI), however they are not useful in the diagnosis of myocardial infarction in the acute phase because depending upon the marker, it can take about 2-24 hours for the level to increase in blood and the fact that the blood tests themselves require substantial time for performing properly.
Troponin is released during MI from the cytosolic pool of the myocytes. Its subsequent release is prolonged with degradation of actin and myosin filaments. Because it has increased specificity compared with CK-MB, troponin is a superior marker for myocardial injury. Troponins can also calculate infarct size but the peak must be measured in the 3rd day.
CK resides in the cytosol and facilitates the movement of phosphate into and out of the mitochondria. It is present in large number of tissues however because of this fact it is less specific than troponin. Its levels also rise in muscle diseases and exercise. However it is relatively specific when skeletal muscle injury is not present.
Lactate dehydrogenase catalyses the conversion of pyruvate to lactate. LDH-1 isozyme is normally found in the heart muscle and LDH-2 is found predominately in blood serum. A high LDH-1 level to LDH-2 suggest MI. LH is not as specific as troponin. LDH levels are also high in tissue breakdown or hemolysis. It can mean cancer, meningitis, encephalitis, or HIV.
Myoglobin is a protein that transports oxygen in muscle tissue, including the myocardium and skeletal muscle. Myoglobin is also present in smooth muscle. Following injury to any of these muscles, it appears in the blood more rapidly than any other marker. Myoglobin exhibits high clinical sensitivity for acute myocardial infarction but poor specificity. Every patient with acute myocardial infarction will have elevated myoglobin in the early hours following the onset of chest pain; however, myoglobin elevations may also be indicative of skeletal muscle injury.

Five Keys to Safer Food

Keep Clean

Wash your hands before handling food and often during food preparation
Wash your hands after going to the toilet
Wash and sanitize all surfaces and equipment used for food preparation
Protect kitchen areas and food from insects,pets and other animals

Seprate Raw and Cooked

Seprate raw meat,poultry and sea food from other food
Use seprate equipment and utensils such as knives and cutting boards for handling raw foods
Store food in containers to avoid contact between raw and repared food

Cook Thoroughly

Cook food thoroghly , specially meat , poultry, eggs and sea food
Bring food like soups and stews to boiling to make sure that they have reached 70 degree C
Fore meat and poultry, make sure that juices are clean
Reheat cooked food thoroughly

Keep Food at Safe Temprature

Do not leave cooked food at room temprature for more then 2 hours
Refrigerate promptly all cooked food (preferable below 5 degree C)
Do not store food too long even in refrigrator

Use Safe water and Raw Materials

Use safe water or treat it to make is safe
Select fresh and wholesome foods

Wash fruits and vegetables and do not use food beyond its expiry date

Introduction to Diabetes

What Is Diabetes?
Diabetes is a disorder of metabolism–the way our bodies use digested food for growth and energy. Most of the food we eat is broken down by the digestive juices into a simple sugar called glucose. Glucose is the main source of fuel for the body.
What Are the Different Types of Diabetes?
The three main types of diabetes are:
* Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) or Type I diabetes
* Noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) or Type II diabetes
* Gestational diabetes.

Why Cholesterol is important

Why Is Cholesterol Important?
How Does Cholesterol Cause Heart Disease?
What Do Your Cholesterol Numbers Mean?
Everyone age 20 and older should have their cholesterol measured at least once every 5 years. It is best to have a blood test called a “lipoprotein profile” to find out your cholesterol numbers. This blood test is done after a 9- to 12-hour fast and gives information about your:
* Total cholesterol
* HDL (good) cholesterol–helps keep cholesterol from building up in the arteries
* Triglycerides–another form of fat in your blood

Important Factors about Cancer

1. Don’t use tobacco. If you do, quit. This is the single most important thing you can do to prevent cancer.
2. Eat at least five servings of fruits and vegetables each day. Fruits and vegetables may lower your risk for some kinds of cancer.
3. If you are a woman, age 50 or older, get a mammogram every one to two years.
4. There is no upper age limit for the Pap test. Even women who have gone through menopause should have regular checkups, including a pelvic exam and a Pap test.
5. Cancers of the colon and rectum are more likely to occur as people get older. Three tests can help find these cancers early: rectal exam, guaiac stool test, and sigmoidoscopy. Ask your doctor how often you should have these tests.
6. Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in American men, especially older men. Discuss with your doctor early detection tests and their benefits and drawbacks.
7. Avoid too much sunlight; wear protective clothing; use sunscreen.
8. Avoid unnecessary x-rays.
9. If you do have cancer, find out what your treatment choices are and which are best for you. And before getting treatment, get a second opinion from another doctor.


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