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65 terms

sociology final

Questions that may be on Dr. Rivers soci 1101 final
Inner and outer controls that work against our tendencies to deviate is known as what theory?
control theory
All of the following theories follow the principles of symbolic interactionism EXCEPT for which one?
Strain theory
degradation ceremonies
differential association theory
Susie is a first-year college student. Although she wants to be popular, she has refused invitations to attend underage drinking parties. Susie has a strong respect for authority, even when it conflicts with a simple matter such as attending a college party. Susie's decision in this situation demonstrates a quality of control theory called ________.
inner control
The early sociologist who argued that deviance might be functional for society was ________.
Emile Durkheim
The relativity of deviance is most aligned with which sociological perspective?
symbolic interactionism
What is a group's formal and informal means of enforcing norms called?
social control
Suicide bombers in Iraq are accorded high praise by those who oppose an American presence in the Middle East and are considered heroic warriors. Such honor and praise is an example of a ________.
positive sanction
What term would Karl Marx use for today's workers who mistakenly identify with the capitalists simply because they own a few shares of stock or work as managers of large corporations?
false class consciousness
What is the basis of India's caste system?
A system of beliefs that justifies a particular social arrangement, such as slavery, is called ________.
an ideology
What is the significant difference between the class system and the systems of slavery, caste, and estate?
The class system has fluid boundaries
In some societies, closely related members of the ruling class and the upper class marry to preserve their power and wealth within their families. This is a practice known as ________.
If a person were living during Karl Marx's lifetime and worked at the Smittertown ironworks, Marx would consider that person a member of the ________.
The sociologist who believed that social class is made up of three components - property, power, and prestige - was ________.
Max Weber
A form of the caste system that, until recently, was legal in South Africa was called ________.
The ability to control others, even over their objections, is referred to as ________.
social stratification
Which of the following is a primary sex characteristic?
A uterus in women
The term for the unequal access to power, prestige, and property based on a person's sex is ________.
Gender stratification
What stage in history did Frederick Engels propose as being responsible for the rise of patriarchy?
The development of private property
The fact that 80 percent of engineering degrees are awarded to men while nearly 90 percent of library science degrees are awarded to women illustrates the phenomenon of ________.
Gender tracking
What is the practice of suttee?
Burning the living widow with the body of her dead husband
the "glass ceiling"
Of the following choices, the doctorate conferred with the greatest percentage of women recipients is ________, while the doctorate with the greatest percentage to men is ________.
psychology; engineering
In what society were women and men often considered social equals?
hunting and gathering
minority group
Edinboro University of Pennsylvania is one of the largest "wheelchair" universities in the United States, providing access of all programs to all students and establishing special wheelchair programs in sports competition. This is an example of ________.
What event created the belief that formal education was essential to the well-being of society?
the industrialization of society
What do conflict theorists believe is the purpose of the hidden curriculum?
It promotes social inequalities.
A sociologist who studied face-to-face interactions in the classroom between teachers and students would be emphasizing which sociological perspective?
Symbolic interactionism
social integration
Although cooperation is a core value in Japan, Japanese students are admitted to college only on the basis of intense competition. This is an example of a(n) ________.
cultural contradiction
manifest functions
cultural transmission of values
When employers use diplomas and degrees to determine who is eligible for jobs, even through the diploma or degree may be irrelevant to the actual work, it becomes a ________ society.
John was adopted as an infant by the Smiths, and has always considered them his real family. What do sociologists classify the Smith family as it is regarded by John?
It is his family of orientation.
Sociologically, what is a family?
In Bongo Bongo, male members of the tribe may each legally have three wives. This is a family relationship defined as ________.
Sociologically, what is the immediate family of husband, wife, and children called who live apart from other kin?
The nuclear family
It is influenced by age, education, class, race and religion.
In the United States and many other parts of the world, the common practice is for whites to marry whites, African Americans to marry African Americans, and members of specific social classes to marry within their class. This marital practice is called ________.
Marianne and her children live in a neighborhood where all the families share their resources when someone needs help. The neighbors also consider themselves to be an extended family. Sociologists would describe them as ________ .
Fictive kin
The feeling of sexual attraction and idealization of another is called ________.
Romantic love
Boomerang children is a term used to refer to children ________.
Who have moved out as young adults, then return to live with their parents.
In some tribal societies it is highly encouraged for the son or daughter of one tribe to marry the son or daughter of a neighboring or rival tribe to build camaraderie and form an alliance. This pattern of marital behavior is called ________.
_____ predicted that bureaucracies would increasingly govern our lives. He called this process the rationalization of society.
Max Weber
Edith is a member of the Girl Scouts. The Girl Scouts are an example of a _____.
Voluntary association
Sociologist Robert Michels used the term _____ to refer to the tendency of organizations to become dominated by a small, self-perpetuating elite.
The iron law of oligarchy
Recently, the March of Dimes shifted its focus from raising funds for combating polio to raising funds for birth defects research. Sociologists would term this shift in focus _____.
Goal displacement
_____ may impede the purpose of an organization because it may prevent employees from doing their jobs.
Red tape
Howard Becker says deviance is defined by the:
Reaction of others to the act of deviance
According to the textbook, mental illness and homelessness are:
A tertiary deviant embraces deviance. An example would be:
An outlaw biker gang
"Good companions make good boys; bad companions make bad boysquot; exemplifies:
Differential association
Official crime statistics appear to:
Have a social class bias
In Brazil poverty is so extensive in the slums. One solution has been to:
Organize death squads to murder poor children.
The ____ was an ideology that justified social stratification in medieval Europe:
Divine right of kings
According to Melvin Tumin, the best predictor of college entrance is:
The family income of the student
One of the greatest fears of this class is being laid off during a recession:
Working class
The primary dimension of social class is: