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41 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
The majority of cases are heard in what type of court?
What are the powers given to the prosecutor?
Negotiate a plea of guilty, change a criminal charge, and authority not to prosecute.
How are prosecutors elected?
They are either appointed or elected.
The Missouri Plan
A method of selecting judges that involves a combination of appointment and election.
The United States District courts are courts of ______ jurisdiction.
What type of course are responsible for settling private disputes between individuals?
Special courts
What is the only court mentioned in the Constitution of the United States?
The Supreme Court
What is it called when a victim is allowed to participate in a parole hearing?
Victim impact statement
Major trial courts are courts of ____ jurisdiction.
Who are the "forgotten players of the criminal justice process."
The majority of cases are heard in _____ courts.
What is a peremptory challenge?
When an attorney does not have to give a reason for challenging a juror.
What is jurisdiction?
The authority of a court to hear a case.
What is the job of the bailiff?
The bailiff is responsible for maintaining order in the court room.
The Supreme court of the United States is a court of ____ jurisdiction.
African Americans were excluded from the jury until what year?
True/False During the colonial period the death penalty was committed for all felonies.
The court of appeals was created in 1891 to take the burden off of which court?
U.S. Supreme Court
True/False During the American Revolution, juries were permitted to address the legitimacy of law rather than the illegal act alone.
What was the purpose of Marbury v. Madison?
It established the principal of judicial review of legislative acts.
Small claims courts hear cases involving amounts less than $10,000.
Courts created by congress are called _____ courts.
Legislative Courts
The U.S. Courts of Appeals are made up of ___ circuits.
The Nations court of last resort is the ____ court.
U.S. Supreme Court
Who is the only actor in the criminal justice system who is involved in all aspects of criminal justice processing from arrest through disposition.
the prosecutor
In all but __ states prosecutors are elected.
Of the more than 800,000 lawyers in the United States, only about what percent practice criminal law?
6 percent
True/false Special prosecutors are appointed by the state legislators.
In what year did the Supreme Court broad discretion to all federal judges to exclude from trial any "expert witnesses" they believe are not relevant or whose testimony does not rely on a reliable foundation?
Courts of limited jurisdiction are referred to as ____ courts.
What does the tenth amendment do?
It grants police the power to the states
Expert witness
A person called to testify because of his/her special expertise in an area at issue in a legal proceeding.
General district, Juvenile and domestic relations courts have what type of jurisdiction?
What courts hear felony trials and civil suits involving amounts too large to be handled in small claims courts.
General Jurisdiction Courts
What are the two types of appellate courts?
Courts of last resort and intermediate appellate courts.
The jurisdiction of legislative courts and the terms of office for judges can be changed by an act of ____?
The U.S. courts of appeals are ____ courts.
Intermediate federal appellate courts.
What Article of the Constitution identifies the types of cases that the Supreme Court has original jurisdiction?
Article III
What are the four types of cases in which the U.S. supreme court must render an opinion?
1 When an act of Congress has been found unconstitutional in a lower federal court.
2 When a state supreme court has found a federal law unconstitutional.
3 When a U.S. court of appeals has found a state law unconstitutional.
4 When a constitutional challenge of a state law has been upheld by a state supreme court.
Writ of certiorari
A legal order from the U.S. supreme court that states that a lower court must forward the record of a particular case for review.
Judicial review
The U.S. Supreme Court's authority to review the constitutionally of acts of Congress.