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body systems

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Unit 10:- Human Physiology for Health and Social Care P3+p4 For the human to survive and function properly, we need energy to let the cells repair themselves. To get this energy, we need to consume three main substances; * Carbohydrates (one of the three main classes of food and a source of energy. Carbohydrates are the sugars and starches found in breads, cereals, fruits, and vegetables, which, during digestion, are changed into a simple sugar called glucose. Glucose is stored in the liver until cells need it for energy.) * Protein (A naturally occurring combination of amino acids. Protein is one of the essential components of all living things and the diet of animal organisms.) and, * Lipids (Another term for fats that can be broken down into fatty acids.) It is important to eat a healthy amount of the substances found above because food provides energy that the cells need to develop, change, and multiply. It also provides them with energy so they can repair themselves. ...read more.


Then they are absorbed through the intestine wall as small beads. The pancreas produces a large amount of liquid, (insulin) shortly after food is eaten. The insulin that is produced contains three enzymes: * Lipase (digests lipids (fat)) * Amylase (digests starch (carbohydrate)) * Trypsin (digests protein) The intestine glands complete the digestion process when the wall of the intestine absorbs all of the needed energy. They have a large surface area which means they can absorb large amounts of liquids at any time, meaning maximum energy is produced from the food eaten. Below is a diagram showing the digestive system. As part of a fully functioning human body, the body needs to maintain a constant internal environment. Homeostasis is when an organism maintains the constant internal conditions necessary for life. The heart rate, body temperature, breathing rate and the blood glucose levels all have constant internal conditions. The way this is achieved can be shown through flow charts; I am going to draw one for each of; * Heart rate * Body temperature * Breathing rate and, * Blood glucose. ...read more.


so larger amounts of oxygen is inhaled so the rate of breathing increases. The heart rate is the number of times the heart pumps blood around the body and the amount of beats per minute. In order to have a homeostatic heart rate it needs to be at a constant rate. The heart pumps blood around the body because the organs and tissues need oxygen to survive. This one function does have some inconsistency. Body Temperature The ability to control body temperature is extremely important if we are to survive, the bodily temperature is a system where there is room for slight variation, if our temperature rises or falls below or above 37�C (a human's average body temperature) then we will begin to feel quite ill. There are lots of different factors that contribute to our body's temperature. For example if we exercise, our body temperature goes up; this is when our sweat glands open so we can sweat. Sweating is a way our bodies cool down, which is inevitable. Below is a diagram that shows how our body reacts when our temperature drops and rises. ?? ?? ?? ?? P3+p4 Holly Shute 1 ...read more.

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