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15 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
IV therapy and electrolyte therapy are all what type of IV therapy
Blood and blood components are which type of IV therapy
What is VAD and what are they used for
Vascular Access Device = catheters, cannulas, infusion ports. Can be peripherally placed or centeral line catheter for short or long term acces to vascular system
Typed of VAD
* Metal needle=butterfly
* catheter/cannula = peripheral or central
* PICC (peripherally inserted central ) or midline
*Central catheter
* Long term catheters (Hickman, Groshong, Broviac)
* Infusion ports
Describe Butterfly VAD
- short term, very unstable
- single dose IV meds
- obtain blood samle
- wings taped to skin
- usually used in older adults or Peds
- needle is rigid
- odd # gauges
Describe Peripheral catheter/cannula
-needle is inserted, retracted, leaving the flexible catheter
- less irritating, decrease risk of infection/phlebitis
- flexible
- can stay in longer
- replace 48-72 hrs
- even # gauges
Describe central catheter/cannula
- placed in large, central veins
- used for large quantities/long term therapy
- usually done by Dr.
Describe PICC or midline
Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter
- requires high blood flow
- intermediate length of therapy 7 days - 3 months
- first choice for home therapy
- usally in basilic or cephalic vein
- ML = sitd just inside the subclavian vessel
- PICC = advance as fas as superior vena cava
What are the nsg. intervetions for PICC or Midline
- No BP in this are
- no blood taken from this arm
- daily weight b/c of large amounts of fluids
- monitor fluid and electrolyte status
- VS q4 hrs.
Describe Central catheters
- similar to PICC
- can be left in for 6-8 weeks
- into large subclavian vein to superior vena cava or rt. agrium
Nsg. preventions for Central Catheters
- done by Dr. but RN assists
- sterile technique
- drape client
- open sterile package
- do all preps and assis Dr. with meds.
- insertion site care is usually sterile care
Describe long term catheters
- a.k.a. Hickamn, Groshong, Broviac, Portacath
- uses are similar to PICCs
- left in for > 6-8 weeks
- inserted in OR
- uses small pocket to travel to subclavian vesstl to travel to the superior vena cava
- usually has sever lumen to allow infusion of a # of drugs
- must flush to keep patent
- x-ray to confirm placement b4 flush so as to assure not in lungs
Describe infusion ports
- implanted port
- inserted subQ in chest beneath rt. clavial thru large vein into subclavian vena cava
- uses a speckia needle, non coring
- infection chances decrease once healed
What is the purpose of IV therapy
- if NPO, provides fluids and meds
- provides CHO as a source of calories
- replaces or supplies water, electrolyes, AA, lipids, vits, blood
- adds substitutes for whole blood to increase voume adn increase BP
KVO = keep vein open utilizes a slow fluid drip of about 30 cc/hr for patency
What are the nsg. preventions for someone on IV therapy
- client automatically goes on I&O
- check labs for electrolyte status
- monitor qhr, always start at the client; talk w/ them, look at insertion site, follow tubing to bag
- document all
- @ 100 cc get ready to hang new bag
- @ 50 cc hang new bag
- try not to put IV on dominant side
- work distal to proximal
- not on masectomy side
- medical asepsis care at site