In the late 1960's Czechoslovakia was still part of the Eastern Bloc but was beginning to show a certain degree of independence.
In The beginning of 1968 Czechoslovakia experienced a blossoming of freedom and creativity known as the "Prague Spring."
This train of events deeply disturbed the Soviets and the other Warsaw Pact members.

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But the Czechoslovakian army was surprised and completely unprepared for an invasion by allies, and was ordered not to fight.
At first there was some sporadic violent resistance by Czech civilians.
Over the next couple of weeks these clandestine broadcasters coordinated the nonviolent resistance that prevented the Soviets from taking control of the country.
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In addition to civilian resistance, the Soviets also encountered resistance on the leadership level.
Top Czechoslovakian officials refused to corroborate the Soviet's story that the troops had been invited in.
No Czech politicians could be found to form a puppet government that had even a facade of legitimacy.
Finally a vague agreement was worked out between the Soviets and the Czechs which scrapped some of the reforms, but left the legitimate government leaders still in office.
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Eventually the Soviets got the conservative government they wanted in Czechoslovakia.

An improvised campaign of noncooperation had kept the Soviets from installing their puppet government for eight months!