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Vernice Tan

on 10 July 2013

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Transcript of Physics

Physics Performance Task 2013

Physics Concepts
Newton's Laws of Motions
Newton's First Law
Newton's Second
Newton's Third Law
An object at rest will remain at rest or continue to move in a state of uniform in a straight line unless an external force is acted by it.

Acceleration is produced when a force acts on a mass. F = ma

For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.

Parts of a Badminton
Fastest sport in the world

Small racquet head reduce air resistance and help racquets move with greater velocity.
What we did?
What are we doing?
What we did?
Analyze physics concept behind badminton during smashing
1 Shuttlecock
1 100g badminton racquet
-1 person hit the shuttlecock to the player and the player will smash it.
-We then used tracker to analyze the motion of shuttlecock during the smashing period.
Sources of Errors
Presence of Wind in Playing Environment
Rebounding of ball when it hit the ground
Some of our background colour and the shuttlecock is the same, making it hard to calibrate the points.

Understood physics concept behind badminton
Better understanding of how physics affects the motion of object
Physics is all around us and is applicable to many things is our daily life.

Analysis of Displacement/Time Graph (y)
Displacement/time graph
Velocity/time graph
Acceleration/time graph
The graph shows the displacement decreasing.
Its obtained from the point above the ground when the player first smash the shuttlecock till it come to a stop.
Decreasing displacement as the shuttlecock moves only downwards towards the ground when smashing
.F=ma, hence the shuttlecock will be traveling in the same direction as the resultant force(F).
Analysis of Velocity/Time Graph
Displacement/Time graph
When the displacement time graph decreases, the velocity time graph decreases too as V= change in displacement/t
As the displacement in each time interval gets lesser, the velocity will decrease as shown in the formula.
Shuttlecock only moving forward and towards the ground(smashing),
Air resistance will contribute to the decrease in velocity,
Analysis of Acceleration/Time Graph
a= v-u/change in time, thus there will be a negative acceleration if the final velocity(v) is lesser than the initial velocity(u).
From the graph, velocity is decreasing, hence shuttlecock decelerating.
In our graph the graph is decelerating until it come to a stop as when the shuttlecock moves down towards the ground it loses energy and move slower due to air resistance.
Displacement/Time Graph
Velocity/Time Graph
Acceleration/Time Graph
Kinetic Energy/
Time Graph

We took the y-component of the graph, which shows the height of the shuttlecock overtime
The displacement time graph shows the displacement at 193 cm, which means we start smashing the shuttlecock from that height.
As there was only a smashing action, the shuttlecock will only drop from its original height.

The velocity time graph decreases quickly from 3.5 x 10^3 m/s at 0.03s to 0.14x10^3 m/s at 0.3Os.
From then on, the shuttlecock is slowly coming to a stop as it is nearing the ground, hence the velocity of the shuttle cock did not fluctuate much.
When the shuttlecock is smashed downwards, it will only move downwards at a high velocity at the start as a lot of force is used in hitting the shuttlecock swiftly down to the ground, explaining the high velocity shows in the graph.
The best fit line shows the velocity of the shuttlecock is actually decreasing throughout the whole motion.

Start/Highest point
End/Lowest point(on ground)
Best fit line
End point, 0 acceleration
Zero mark
The shuttlecock started off with a acceleration of -0.85x10^4 m/s2 at 0.07s.
It only starts decelerating at 0.17s from -1.7 x 10 m/s2.
The shuttle cock come to a stop with 0 m/s2 at 0.83s.
The shuttlecock will decelerate as the shuttlecock is moving downwards after being smashed and will get slower and slower till it come to a stop.
Best fit line shows the overall motion of the shuttlecock as decelerating.
Best fit line
At point A, the shuttlecock was at its maximum height.
Then, all the gravitational potential energy (GPE) was converted into kinetic energy. (KE) KE=6.2J x 10^6.
Due to GPE, the shuttlecock started falling downwards.
However, in the whole process, the KE was lost to air resistance, sound and heat energy.
Hence, the shuttle cock slowed down and eventually came to a stop when it reached the ground at point B where KE=0J
As the KE reduces, there is lesser energy for the shuttlecock to move, hence it causes deceleration as time passes and velocity to decrease. This is turn results in lesser distance travelled by the shuttlecock per second, causing the decrease in displacement.

Kinetic Energy Time Graph
Kinetic Energy Time Graph
Analysis of Kinetic Energy Time Graph
Analysis of Kinetic Energy Time Graph
The formula of Kinetic energy(KE) shows that if the mass of the shuttlecock is kept constant, the KE of the shuttlecock is dependent on the velocity of the it.
Hence when the velocity of the shuttlecock is decreasing, the KE of shuttlecock decreases too.
Velocity/Time Graph
The shuttlecock gains energy. 
The heavier the mass of the racquet, the racquet will move at a higher velocity
The shuttlecock has more kinetic energy and travels at a higher velocity.

The x component of the displacement against time graph shows the graph increasing as the shuttlecock travel further and further in a horizontal direction till it reaches the ground.
Analysis of Displacement/Time Graph (x)
Point A: 0 displacement as the shuttlecock has not started moving.
Point B: The shuttlecock came to a stop and it shows how far the shuttlecock traveled.
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