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science project

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shannon quinlan

on 5 March 2013

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Transcript of science project

Science Project You may have seen a television commercial for Alka-Seltzer tablets, or heard one of their advertising slogans: "Plop, plop, fizz, fizz, oh what a relief it is!®" When you drop the tablets in water, they make a lot of bubbles, like an extra-fizzy soda. And like a soda, the bubbles are carbon dioxide gas (CO2). However, with Alka-Seltzer®, the CO2 is produced by a chemical reaction that occurs when the tablets dissolve in water. INTRODUCTION : 3HCO + 3H 2 + _ 3H O + 3CO 2 2 The main ingredients of Alka-Seltzer tablets are aspirin, citric acid, and sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3). When sodium bicarbonate dissolves in water, it dissociates (splits apart) into sodium (Na+) and bicarbonate (HCO3−). The bicarbonate reacts with hydrogen (H+) from the citric acid form the carbon dioxide and water. The reaction is described by the following chemical equation: BY: SHANNON QUINLAN ABSTRACT : Some chemical reactions occur explosively fast, others may occur almost imperceptibly slowly. This project explores what effect the particle size of the reactants has on the speed of a chemical reaction: production of carbon dioxide gas by an Alka-Seltzer tablet. My project question is which size of Alka-Seltzer tablet dissolves the fastest. Okay so here’s how it went first I went to the store and got some Alka-Seltzer tablets then I went and got a 16 ounce cup, a hammer, a plain piece of paper and filled the cups up with tap water. Then I tested out my experiment and my results were that the tablet that dissolved the fastest was the one that was grounded into powder. In conclusion my experiment was fun and creative .I loved doing it, it had to very precise with the temperature of the tap water and the amount of tap water and making sure that no tablet pieces were lost. It was very time consuming it took about an hour to get everything ready and everything to be precise .This experiment was very fun and I enjoyed doing it .I do recommend it to my fellow peers because I had a really fun time doing this experiment an I hope you try it out too. OBJECTIVE : The goal of this project is to measure the effect of reactant particle size on the rate of a chemical reaction. TERMS : Bicarbonate : a salt of carbonic acid, containing the HCO 3 −1 group; an acid carbonate, as sodium bicarbonate, NaHCO 3 . Molecules : the smallest physical unit of an element or compound, consisting of one or more like atoms in an element and two or more different atoms in a compound. Reactants : any substance that undergoes a chemical change in a given reaction. Reaction rate : the amount of time something takes to react. Materials : At least 12 Alka-Seltzer tablets
Sheet of blank paper
Thermometer (good range would be -10°C to 110°C)
Clear 12 ounce (355 mL) drinking glass (or larger)
Measuring cup
Masking tape
Something to stir with (a teaspoon or a chopstick, Etc)
Tap water
Stop watch (you can also use a clock or watch with a second hand) Procedure :
In this experiment, I will be measuring the time it takes for one Alka-Seltzer tablet to react completely in water. I will investigate how the reaction time changes as I vary the particle size of the reactants. I'll use the same glass for repeated trials, so it is convenient to mark the desired water level.
I will use the measuring cup to add 8 ounces of water to the glass.
I will use a piece of masking tape on the outside of the glass to mark the water level. I will place the tape with its top edge even with the water level in the glass.
Now I will use the masking tape to fill the glass to the right level for each trial. For observing the reaction, I will use the same volume of water at the same starting temperature. The only variable that I should change is the particle size of the tablets. I will use four different particle sizes for the Alka-Seltzer tablets:
A whole tablet
A tablet broken in half
A tablet broken in quarters
A tablet ground into powder.

To do this, I will fold a single tablet to be ground inside a clean piece of paper. I will place the folded paper on the table, and use the hammer to firmly pound the tablet about ten times. Here is how to measure the reaction time:
I will fill the glass with water to the level of the masking tape.
Measure the temperature of the water each of my trial should be at the same temperature, so I will adjust the water temperature (by adding warm or cold water) as necessary. Then I will remove the thermometer.
I will have one hand on the stop watch, and one hand too get ready too drop the tablet in . I will count to one–two–three. On three, I will starts the stop watch and I will drop the tablet (or tablet pieces) into the water.
I'll immediately see bubbles of CO2 streaming out from the tablet.
I will then stir the water gently and steadily. I will use the same stirring method and speed for all of your experimental trials. The tablet will gradually disintegrate. I will watch for all of the solid white material from the tablet to disappear.
When my solid material has completely disappeared and the bubbles have stopped forming, I will stop the stop watch and look at the time. I will Calculate the average reaction time for each of the four particle sizes. Then I will make a bar graph showing the average reaction time, in seconds, (y-axis) vs. particle size (x-axis). How does reaction time change with particle size? PROJECT QUESTION ? : Which particle size of the tablet dissolves the fastest ? Hypothesis : If I drop different particle sizes of an Alka-Seltzer tablet into tap water , Then the whole tablet will dissolve faster than any other particle size. Variables Dependent Variables : The water , The amount of water , The glass , and The temperature of the water. Independent Variable : The amount of Alka-Seltzer tablet. Controlled ( or constant ) Variable : A glass of water with no Alka-Seltzer tablet in it . Data The temperature of the water was 100 degrees Fahrenheit ( 40 degrees Celsius ) . The cup was filled with with 8 ounces of tap water. I used TAP water. The glass was 16 ounces tall. Observations When I dropped the tablet in the water I saw CO2 ( carbon dioxide ) streaming out of the tablet . Then the tablet started dissolving in the water . After that when the tablet stop dissolving the water was clear again. Results Conclusion The answer to my question is that the table that was grounded up into powder was the fastest to dissolve in the water . Yes , my hypothesis was right because I said if I drop a tablet in the water than it will dissolve in the water , and indeed the tablet did dissolve in the water . Questions Q1) If you were to complete this experiment again , what changes would you make ? A1) I would change that I wouldn't have to do the experiment more than once Q2 ) how would you improve this experiment ? A2) I would improve this experiment by adding different temperatures of tap water to see which one dissolves the fastest ? My results for this project were that I dropped the tablet in tap water and bubbles of CO2 came rushing out. The longest the tablet took to dissolve is around 5:00.Then near the end of the dissolving time the tablet was rushing up then down. Then the water was just still, and clear. partial size temperature (C) reaction time (S) trail #1 trail #2 trail #3 average reaction time whole half's quarters powder 40 (C) 40 (C) 40 (C) 40 (C) 4 minutes 4.5 seconds 4 minutes
23.2 seconds 3 minutes
26.4 seconds 1 minute
27.5 seconds 4 minutes
5.1 seconds 3 minutes
10.3 seconds 2 minutes
59.7 seconds 1 minutes
10 seconds 4 minutes
5.8 seconds 3 minutes
38.5 seconds 3 minutes
3 seconds 1 minute
10.4 seconds 4.4 minutes 3.5 minutes 3 minutes 1.1 minutes Big Pieces or Small Pieces: Which React Faster? This is the video of the Alka-Seltzer tablet reacting This is the Alka-seltzer tablet before it dissolves ! This is the glass of TAP water before I put the Alka-seltzer tablet in This is the Alka-Seltzer MASCOT ingredients in an Alka-Seltzer tablet PLOP,PLOP,FIZZ,FIZZ
IT IS !!!!!! THE END !!!! title
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