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  1. 1. Objectives: The student will investigate and understand basic characteristics of white light. Key concepts include: • The visible spectrum, light waves, reflection, refraction, diffraction, opaque, transparen t, translucent; • Optical tools (eyeglasses, lenses, flashlight, camera, kaleidoscope, binocul ars, microscope light boxes, telescope, prism, spectroscope, mirrors); and Explain thecontributions in light • Historical relationships between wavelength and the color of light. Name the colors of the visible spectrum.
  2. 2. Vocabulary: • Waves: a disturbance which carries energy and that travels away from the starting point. • Wavelength: the distance between one crest of a wave and the next crest (distance between compressions); red is longest and violet is shortest • Peak: the highest point of a light wave • Trough: the lowest point of a light wave • Frequency: the number of waves (light or sound) produced in a given unit of time, such as a second
  3. 3. • Reflection: the bouncing of light from a surface• Refraction: the bending of light as it passesthrough one material to another• Visible spectrum (visible light): a combination ofseveral different wavelengths of light travelingtogether. It is part of the Electromagnetic Spectrum.
  4. 4. Diagram Representation of Light Wave
  5. 5. Reflection Refraction
  6. 6. A convex lens causes light to converge, or focus,producing an image that is smaller than theoriginal object.
  7. 7. A concave lens causes light to diverge, or spread out,producing a larger image than the original.
  8. 8. • eyeglasses• flashlights• cameras• binoculars• microscopes
  9. 9. Eyeglasses: have lenses
  10. 10. Flashlight: has lenses and a mirror
  11. 11. Cameras: have lenses, mirrors, and a prism
  12. 12. Binoculars: have lenses and prisms
  13. 13. Microscope: has lenses
  14. 14. Plastic wrap Wax paper Aluminum FoilTransparent Translucent Opaque
  15. 15.  Transparent: materials that allow alllight to pass through Translucent: letting light through butscattering it Opaque: materials that do not let lightthroughTransmit: to send (as in sound or light).It also means light passing through anobject
  16. 16. Galileo Galilei • Italian • Lived from 1564-1642 • Developed the refracting telescope • Developed the first known example of the microscope
  17. 17. Robert Hooke • English • Lived from 1635-1703 • Devised the compound microscope and illumination system • Discovered plant cells • Examined fossils with a microscope
  18. 18. Anton van Leeuwenhoek• Dutch; born in Holland• Lived 1632-1723• Made over 500 simple microscopes• Discovered bacteria, free-living and parasitic microscopic protists
  19. 19. Isaac Newton• English• Lived from 1643-1727• Discovered that white light was not a simple entity, but splits into a range of colors• When he passed white light through a glass prism, he noted that a spectrum of light was formed; particle theory of light• Reflecting telescope