Flat and clip-on are two types of bicycle pedals. They perform similar tasks using a different design. Either type can be used on any kind of bicycle. There are distinct advantages and disadvantages for both types that include safety, convenience, efficiency and cost. Pedals are simple to change. If you don't like them, swap them out.


Flat pedals, also known as platform pedals, are typical, old-fashioned pedals. They can include rubber, metal or plastic. They are still used on almost all production bikes costing under about $500 dollars. High-end bikes usually do not come with pedals at all. This allows the rider to choose which type he likes best. Flat pedals are bargain basement and can be purchased for a few dollars. Clip-on pedals can run from $50 to over $100 a pair. In addition, when clip-on pedals are used, special shoes are required, which cost upwards of $100 or more. It's easy to spend over $200 in clip-on pedals and shoes.

Efficiency and Power

Clip-on pedals are more efficient. The rider is connected to the pedal via a small cleat on the bottom of the special shoe. This transfers power to the pedal more evenly, and aligns the rider's foot on the pedal in the right position every time. Clip-on pedals also allow the rider to pull up on the pedal with his foot. This makes pedaling more efficient by harnessing power around the circumference of the pedal stroke. A strap attachment for flat pedals allows you to pull up on the pedals with the toe of your foot. These are hard to use and can actually be dangerous if your shoe gets stuck inside the strap. Clip-on pedals make the rider feel more secure. The rider is joined to the bike and can feel small deviations or movements in the frame and wheels through the pedals. Flat pedals only allow for pedal movement in a downward motion, limiting power and control.

Safety and Dirt

Different factors are at work for both types of pedals. Clip-on pedals can be dangerous when dirt or mud gets into them. The release mechanism in clip-on pedals is activated when the rider twists his foot slightly to pop the cleat out of the pedal. If the cleat or the pedal gets sand or dirt in it, the mechanism can lock. When the rider comes to a stop, unaware that his feet are still locked into the pedals, it causes a crash. Dirty pedals are not such such a big deal on road bikes, but on mountain bikes, dirt and mud can make clip-on pedals worthless. Flat pedals are more often used on mountain bikes for this reason. Some downhill riders also prefer flat pedals in case they need to get off the bike in a hurry before it crashes.

Convenience and Summary

Flat pedals are more convenient. If you're commuting, only use your bike to do short rides around town or get on and off your bike often, flat pedals are more user-friendly. You can wear any kind of shoe you like and you're not worrying about what to do with your riding shoes. Clip-on pedals are more aerodynamic, but unless you're riding long distances or racing, flat pedals are the way to go. Generally speaking, most mountain bikes are fine with flat pedals, unless you are very dedicated and do lots of trail riding. Road bikes should almost always use clip-on pedals, the efficiency outweighing everything else. Road bikers are also extremely interested in weight. Clip-on pedals are lighter. When considering weight in grams, clip-on pedals typically weigh half what a flat pedal weighs.

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