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48 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
palpebral fissure
the elliptical open space between the eyelids
border between cornea and sclera
corner of the eye (where lids meet)
the inner canthus small fleshy mass that contains sebaceous glands
transparent front part of the eye that covers the iris and pupil
the white part of the eye
tarsal plates
strips of connective tissue that give the upper lid shape
meibomian glands
the tarsal plates of upper lid contain these, modified sebaceous glands that secrete an oily lubricationg material onto lids. helps form airtight seal when lids are closed
the exposed part of the eye has this transparent protective covering, thin mucousmembrane . It is folded like an envelope between the eyelid and the eyeball
lacrimal apparatus
provides constant irrigation to keep the conjunctiva and cornea moist
tears drain into the ______
puncta, visible on upper and lower lids at the inner canthus, then into the nasolacrimal sac through the 1/2 inch nasolacrimal duct
what gland secretes tears?
the lacrimal gland
What prevents air from being blown up the nasolacrimal duct when one sneezes?
a tiny fold of mucous membrane
Which 3 cranial nerves stimulate the extraocular muscles?
cranial nerve VI, IV, III
The eye is a sphere composed of 3 concentric coats: they are.....
1. the fibrous outer sclera
2. the middle vascular choroid
3. the inner nervous retina
the sclera is continuous with the _____ , the part of the eye that covers the pupil and iris
the _____ bends incoming light rays so they will be focused on the inner retina
the middle layer vascular layer of the eye, has dark pigmentation to prevent light from reflecting internally
the iris and ciliary body are continuous with the _______
the ______ dilates/contracts the pupil in response to amount of light
biconvex disc located just posterior to the pupil. Keeps a viewed object in continual focus on the retina.
what controls the thickness of lens?
the ciliary body (anchors lens in place also). Lens bulges for focusing on near objects and flattens for far objects
ciliary body functions
1. accomodation (focus), contracts to focus on near object and controls lens focus
2. produces aqueous humor
Name the layers of the eye
Describe components of eye anatomy (from side view)
Muscles of eye
anterior chamber of eye
posterior to cornea and in front of the iris and lens.
Contains aqueaous humor
posterior chamber of eye
lies behind the iris to the side of the lens
Contains aqueaous humor
aqueaous humor
prooduced by cilliary body, carries nutrients and removes wastes
determinants of intraocular pressure
amount of aqueous humor and resistance to outflow at the angle of the anterior chamber
visual receptive layer of the eye in which light waves are changed into nerve impulses. The retina surrounds gelatinous humor.
optic disc
area where fibers from retina converge to form the optic nerve the exits out the back of the eye
surrounds the fovea centralis and also receives and transduces light from the center of the visual field
the image formed on the retina is ____ and _____ from the actual image in the outside world
upside down, reversed
pupillary light reflex
normal constriction of the pupils when bright light shines on the retina
the adaptatino of the eye for near vision, accomplished by the ciliary body curving the lens
near sightedness. Light is focused infront of retina rather than on retina
blind spot surrounded by area of normal/decr. vision,
occurs with glaucoma and optic nerve disorders
sudden onset of eye symptoms (pain, floaters, blind spot, loss of peripheral vision etc) is considered an ________
double vision
excessive tearing
glaucoma is characterized by:
increased intraocular pressure
what do Snellen eye chart numbers indicate?
top number indicates distance from chart. bottom number indicates how far from chart normal person should be to be able to read that line
the decrease in power of accomodation with aging
true disparity of eye axis (e.g. cross eyed)
inward turning of the eye (cross eyed)
outward turning of the eye