Antigua and Barbuda Population: 90,156


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Geographic coordinates: 17 03 N, 61 48 W
Area: total: 442.6 sq km (Antigua 280 sq km; Barbuda 161 sq km)
land: 442.6 sq km
water: 0 sq km

note: includes Redonda, 1.6 sq km

Size comparison: 2.5 times the size of Washington, DC
Land Boundaries: 0 km
Coastline: 153 km
Maritime claims: territorial sea: 12 nm
contiguous zone: 24 nm
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Climate: tropical maritime; little seasonal temperature variation
Terrain: mostly low-lying limestone and coral islands, with some higher volcanic areas
Elevation extremes: lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m
highest point: Boggy Peak 402 m
Natural resources: NEGL; pleasant climate fosters tourism
Land use: arable land: 9.09%
permanent crops: 2.27%
other: 88.64% (2011)
Irrigated land: 1.3 sq km (2003)
Natural hazards: hurricanes and tropical storms (July to October); periodic droughts
Current Environment Issues: water management - a major concern because of limited natural freshwater resources - is further hampered by the clearing of trees to increase crop production, causing rainfall to run off quickly
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
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Nationality: noun: Antiguan(s), Barbudan(s)
adjective: Antiguan, Barbudan
Ethnic groups: black 91%, mixed 4.4%, white 1.7%, other 2.9% (2001 census)
Languages: English (official), local dialects
Population: 90,156 (July 2013 est.)
Age structure: 0-14 years: 24.7% (male 11,333/female 10,979)
15-24 years: 16.7% (male 7,465/female 7,622)
25-54 years: 42.8% (male 17,638/female 20,930)
55-64 years: 8.6% (male 3,530/female 4,229)
65 years and over: 7.1% (male 2,771/female 3,659) (2013 est.)
Dependency ratios: total dependency ratio: 47.2 %
youth dependency ratio: 36.7 %
elderly dependency ratio: 10.5 %
potential support ratio: 9.5 (2013)
Median age: total: 30.8 years
male: 29.1 years
female: 32.3 years (2013 est.)
Population growth rate: 1.26% (2013 est.)
Birth rate: 16.07 births/1,000 population (2013 est.)
Death rate: 5.7 deaths/1,000 population (2013 est.)
Net migration rate: 2.26 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2013 est.)
Urbanization: urban population: 30% of total population (2010)
Major urban areas - population: SAINT JOHN'S (capital) 27,000 (2011)
0-14 years: 1.03 male(s)/female
15-24 years: 0.97 male(s)/female
25-54 years: 0.84 male(s)/female
55-64 years: 0.84 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.76 male(s)/female
Infant mortality rate: total: 13.72 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 15.8 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 11.53 deaths/1,000 live births (2013 est.)
Life expectancy at birth: total population: 75.91 years
male: 73.85 years
female: 78.07 years (2013 est.)
Health expenditures: 6% of GDP (2010)
Physicians density: 0.17 physicians/1,000 population (1999)
Hospital bed density: 2.2 beds/1,000 population (2010)
Drinking water source: improved:
urban: 95% of population
rural: 89% of population
total: 91% of population

urban: 5% of population
rural: 11% of population
total: 9% of population (2000 est.)
Sanitation facility access: improved:
urban: 98% of population
rural: 94% of population
total: 95% of population

urban: 2% of population
rural: 6% of population
total: 5% of population (2000 est.)
Obesity - adult prevalence rate: 25.6% (2008)
Education expenditures: 2.5% of GDP (2009)
total population: 99%
male: 98.4%
female: 99.4% (2011 est.)
male: 14 years
female: 14 years (2011)
Unemployment, youth ages 15-24: total: 19.9%
male: 18.4%
female: 21.6% (2001)
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Country name: conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Antigua and Barbuda
Government type: constitutional monarchy with a parliamentary system of government and a Commonwealth realm
Capital: name: Saint John's
geographic coordinates: 17 07 N, 61 51 W
Administrative divisions: 6 parishes and 2 dependencies*; Barbuda*, Redonda*, Saint George, Saint John, Saint Mary, Saint Paul, Saint Peter, Saint Philip
Independence: 1 November 1981 (from the UK)
National holiday: Independence Day (National Day), 1 November (1981)
Constitution: 1 November 1981
Legal system: common law based on the English model
Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal
Executive branch: chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor General Louisse LAKE-TACK (since 17 July 2007)

head of government: Prime Minister Winston Baldwin SPENCER (since 24 March 2004)

cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the governor general on the advice of the prime minister (For more information visit the World Leaders website )

elections: the monarchy is hereditary; governor general chosen by the monarch on the advice of the prime minister; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition usually appointed prime minister by the governor general
Legislative branch: bicameral Parliament consists of the Senate (17 seats; members appointed by the governor general) and the House of Representatives (17 seats; members are elected by proportional representation to serve five-year terms)

elections: House of Representatives - last held on 12 March 2009 (next to be held in 2014)

election results: percent of vote by party - UPP 50.9%, ALP 47.2%, BPM 1.1%, other 0.8%; seats by party - UPP 9, ALP 7, BPM 1
Judicial branch: highest court(s): the Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court (ECSC) is the itinerant superior court of record for the 9-member Organization of Eastern Caribbean States to include Antigua and Barbuda; the ECSC - headquartered on St. Lucia - is headed by the chief justice and is comprised of the Court of Appeal with 3 justices and the High Court with 16 judges; sittings of the Court of Appeal and High Court rotate among the 9 member states; 2 High Court judges reside on Antigua and Barbuda note - Antigua and Barbuda replaced the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council in London as the final appellate court; also a member of the Caribbean Court of Justice judge selection and term of office: Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court Chief Justice appointed by the Her Majesty, Queen ELIZABETH II; other justices and judges appointed by the Judicial and Legal Services Commission; Court of Appeal justices appointed for life with mandatory retirement at age 65; High Court judges appointed for life with mandatory retirement at age 62

subordinate courts: Industrial Court; Magistrates' Courts
Political parties and leaders: Antigua Labor Party or ALP [Gaston BROWNE] Barbuda People's Movement or BPM [Trevor WALKER] Barbuda People's Movement for Change [Arthur NIBBS] Barbudans for a Better Barbuda [Ordrick SAMUEL] United Progressive Party or UPP [W. Baldwin SPENCER] (a coalition of three parties - Antigua Caribbean Liberation Movement or ACLM, Progressive Labor Movement or PLM, United National Democratic Party or UNDP)
Political pressure groups and leaders: Antigua Trades and Labor Union or ATLU [Wigley GEORGE] People's Democratic Movement or PDM [Hugh MARSHALL]
International organization participation: ACP, AOSIS, C, Caricom, CDB, CELAC, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (NGOs), ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO (subscriber), ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, NAM, OAS, OECS, OPANAL, OPCW, Petrocaribe, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UPU, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
National anthem: name: "Fair Antigua, We Salute Thee"
lyrics/music: Novelle Hamilton RICHARDS/Walter Garnet Picart CHAMBERS

Diplomatic representation in the US: chief of mission: Ambassador Deborah Mae LOVELL
chancery: 3216 New Mexico Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20016
telephone: [1] (202) 362-5122
FAX: [1] (202) 362-5525
consulate(s) general: Miami, New York
Diplomatic representation from the US: the US does not have an embassy in Antigua and Barbuda; the US Ambassador to Barbados is accredited to Antigua and Barbuda
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Tourism continues to dominate Antigua and Barbuda's economy, accounting for nearly 60% of GDP and 40% of investment. The dual-island nation's agricultural production is focused on the domestic market and constrained by a limited water supply and a labor shortage stemming from the lure of higher wages in tourism and construction. Manufacturing comprises enclave-type assembly for export with major products being bedding, handicrafts, and electronic components. Prospects for economic growth in the medium term will continue to depend on tourist arrivals from the US, Canada, and Europe and potential damages from natural disasters. After taking office in 2004, the SPENCER government adopted an ambitious fiscal reform program and was successful in reducing its public debt-to-GDP ratio from approximately 130% in 2010 to 89% in 2012. In 2009, Antigua's economy was severely hit by the global economic crisis and suffered from the collapse of its largest private sector employer, a steep decline in tourism, a rise in debt, and a sharp economic contraction between 2009-11. Antigua has not yet returned to its pre-crisis growth levels.
GDP (purchasing power parity): GDP (purchasing power parity): $1.605 billion (2012 est.) $1.58 billion (2011 est.) $1.628 billion (2010 est.)

note: data are in 2012 US dollars
GDP (official exchange rate): GDP (official exchange rate): $1.176 billion (2012 est.)
GDP - real growth rate: 1.6% (2012 est.) -3% (2011 est.) -8.5% (2010 est.)
GDP - per capita (PPP): GDP - per capita (PPP): $18,300 (2012 est.) $18,000 (2011 est.) $18,600 (2010 est.)

note: data are in 2012 US dollars
GDP - composition, by end use: household consumption: 27.3%
government consumption: 23.9%
investment in fixed capital: 91.5%
investment in inventories: -37.3%
exports of goods and services: 58.2%
GDP - composition, by sector of origin: household consumption: 27.3%
government consumption: 23.9%
investment in fixed capital: 91.5%
investment in inventories: -37.3%
exports of goods and services: 58.2%
Agriculture - products: cotton, fruits, vegetables, bananas, coconuts, cucumbers, mangoes, sugarcane; livestock
Industrial production growth rate: NA%
Labor force: 30,000 (1991)
Labor force - by occupation: agriculture: 7%
industry: 11%
services: 82% (1983)
Unemployment rate: 11% (2001 est.)
Population below poverty line: NA%
highest 10%: NA%
Budget: revenues: $229.5 million
expenditures: $293.4 million (2009 est.)
Taxes and other revenues: 19.5% of GDP (2009 est.)
Public debt: 89% of GDP (2012 est.) 130% of GDP (2010 est.)
Fiscal year: 1 April - 31 March
Inflation rate (consumer prices): Inflation rate (consumer prices): 1.4% (2012 est.) 3.3% (2011 est.)
Current account balance: -$200 million (2012 est.) -$120.1 million (2011 est.)
Exports: $37.9 million (2012 est.) $43.45 million (2011 est.)
Exports - commodities: petroleum products, bedding, handicrafts, electronic components, transport equipment, food and live animals
Imports: $400 million (2012 est.) $427 million (2011 est.)
Imports - commodities: food and live animals, machinery and transport equipment, manufactures, chemicals, oil
Debt - external: $441.2 million (31 December 2012) $458 million (June 2010)
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Electricity - production: 115 million kWh (2009 est.) country comparison to the world: 193
Electricity - consumption: 107 million kWh (2009 est.)
Electricity - exports: 0 kWh (2010 est.)
Electricity - imports: 0 kWh (2010 est.)
Refined petroleum products - consumption: 5,000 bbl/day (2011 est.)
Refined petroleum products - exports: 239.5 bbl/day (2008 est.)
Refined petroleum products - imports: 4,662 bbl/day (2008 est.)
Carbon dioxide emissions from consumption of energy: 718,800 Mt (2010 est.)
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Telephones in use: 35,500 (2011)
country comparison to the world: 172
Cellular Phones in use: 176,000 (2011)
Telephone system: general assessment: good automatic telephone system

domestic: fixed-line teledensity roughly 40 per 100 persons; mobile-cellular teledensity is some 200 per 100 persons

international: country code - 1-268; landing points for the East Caribbean Fiber System (ECFS) and the Global Caribbean Network (GCN) submarine cable systems with links to other islands in the eastern Caribbean extending from the British Virgin Islands to Trinidad; satellite earth stations - 2; tropospheric scatter to Saba (Netherlands) and Guadeloupe (France) (2011)
Internet country code: .ag
Internet hosts: 11,532 (2012)
Internet users: 65,000 (2009)
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Airports: 3 (2013)
country comparison to the world: 192
Airports (paved runways): total 2

2,438 to 3,047 m: 1
under 914 m: 1 (2013)
Airports (unpaved runways): total 1

under 914 m: 1 (2013)
Roadways: total 1,165 km
paved: 384 km
unpaved: 781 km (2002)
Merchant marine: total 1,257

by type: bulk carrier 49, cargo 753, carrier 6, chemical tanker 4, container 407, liquefied gas 12, refrigerated cargo 7, roll on/roll off 17, vehicle carrier 2

foreign-owned: 1,215 (Albania 1, Colombia 1, Denmark 20, Estonia 10, Germany 1094, Greece 4, Iceland 10, Latvia 16, Lithuania 3, Mexico 1, Netherlands 17, Norway 9, NZ 2, Poland 2, Russia 3, Switzerland 7, Turkey 7, UK 1, US 7) (2010)
Ports and terminals: major seaport(s): Saint John's
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Military branches: Ministry of National Security, Royal Antigua and Barbuda Defense Force (includes Antigua and Barbuda Coast Guard) (2012)
Military service age and obligation: 18 years of age for voluntary military service; no conscription; Governor-General has powers to call up men for national service and set the age at which they could be called up (2012)
Manpower available for military service: males age 16-49: 21,141
females age 16-49: 24,056 (2010 est.)
Manpower fit for military service: males age 16-49: 17,676
females age 16-49: 19,960 (2010 est.)
Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually: male: 806
female: 799 (2010 est.)
Military expenditures: 3.3% of GDP (2011)
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 Transnational Issues
Illicit drugs: considered a minor transshipment point for narcotics bound for the US and Europe; more significant as an offshore financial center
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   Source: CIA - The World Factbook

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