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Plasma cells

Which type of cell actually secretes antibodies?

glucose molecules

All of the following are possible antigens except:


The antibody molecule that crosses the placenta is:

penicillin attached to protein

Which one of the following is an example of a hapten?


Antibodies belong to a group of chemicals known as:


Which one of the following immunoglobulins (antibodies) was emphasized as being found in colostrum?

antibody titer

? is a measurement of the relative amount of immunoglobulin in the serum.


The ability of an antigen to stimulate production of antibodies or T-cells is ?.

artifically acquired passive immunity

The administration of GG (gamma globulin) shots for hepatitis is an example of:


The cells that can directly lyse targets are the ? cells.


Gamma interferon is produced by fibroblasts.

TC cells; TD cells; B cells; TS cells, all of these

Interleukin-2 (IL-2) is produced by TH cells and is involved in the activation of:

bone marrow, thymus

In humans, B cells mature in the ? , and T cells mature in the ? .

TH cell

The "commander in chief" of the immune system is the ? cell.

interleukin -2

Acytokine that stimulates the activity of B and T cells is:

artificial active

Vaccination is synonymous with ? immunity.


The largest percentage of antibodies in the blood are:


Although there is more than one APC involved in the immune system, the one that we emphasized was the ?.


A substance that has reactivity but lacks immunogenicity is (a, an) ?.


Small parts of antigen molecules that initiate immune responses are called:


Which of the following is the main mediator released from cytoplasmic granules in mast cells?

release of mediators from mast cells and basophils

Anaphylaxis would fail to occur without:


In the desensitization procedure, which one of the following is the "interceptor?"

bronciole muscles contract

A life-threatening situation in anaphylaxis occurs when:

respiratory system

Which of the following is the most prominent way by which one acquires an allergen?


If a person is suffering from anaphylaxis, which one of the antibodies would be found in the highest amount?

acute glomerulonephritis

Which one of the following would be an example of immune complex hypersensitivity?

immune complex

Systemic lupus erythematosus is an autoimmune disease that is an example of ? hypersensitivity?

autoimmune disease, joints

Rheumatoid arthritis is an ? that affects the ? .

acute contact dermatitis

A positive tuberculin skin test is an example of:

serum sickness

A Type III Immune Complex disease that resulted from administering vaccines prepared from horse serum was known as:

the expected rate of rejection of a transplant

Identification of the major histocompatibility antigens is helpful in determining:

the immune system interprets the tissue to be nonself

Transplanted tissue is rejected by the body if:


An organ transplant typically falls into which of the following categories?

preceded by IgE attachment to mast

Type I anaphylactic hypersensitivity

Death may occur from asphyxiation in 10 to 15 minute

Type I anaphylactic hypersensitivity

Cell damaging or destroying reaction

Type II cytotoxic hypersensitivity

Arthus phenomenon & RA

Type III immune complex hypersensitivity

IgG reacts with antigens on surface of cells

Type III immune complex hypersensitivity

does not involve antibody formation

Type IV cellular hypersensitivity


Which one of the following would not be a spirochete?


We mentioned many species names in our survey of the bacteria. Which "species" name indicates an organism that is responsible for ulcers?


On one powerpoint slide we saw bacteria at the base of cilia. The bacteria at the base of cilia belonged to the genus ?

natural waters

The primary habitat of Vibrio cholerae is:

obligate intracellular parasites

Rickettsias and chlamydias are similar in being:


Which one of the following organisms would be G- aerobic rod?


"Rabbit" fever is caused by which one of the following organisms?

likelihood of septicemia

Which of the following represents a major difference between Salmonella & Shigella?


"Copious" rice water stools was mentioned with respect to which one of the following organisms?

undulant fever

Human brucellosis is also known as:

Haemophilus influenzae

We made reference to the "Spanish" flu pandemic of 1918. Which one of the following organisms was thought to be the cause of this terrible disease?

fluorescent green pigment

A unique characteristic of many isolates of Psuedomonas useful in identification is:

Borrelia burgdorferi, ticks

Lyme disease is caused by ? and spread by ?

eye;urethra;fallopian tube; all of these

Chlamydiosis caused by C. trachomatis attacks which structure(s)?


A G- anaerobic rod implicated in periodontal disease was:

inhabit the large intestines and feces of most individuals

Species of Bacteroides :

group A streptococci

The most severe streptococcal diseases are caused by:


? hemolysis is the partial lysis of red blood cells due to bacterial hemolysins.

subacute endocarditis

Viridans streptococci commonly cause:


Which one of the endospore forming bacteria is anaerobic?


Closteridium perfringens causes:

respiratory droplets

T. B. is spread by:

E. coli 0157:H7

Which one of the following would cause hemolytic uremic syndrome?


The portal of entry for Lyme disease would be:


Which one of the "food poisoning" organisms would most likely cause fever in the patient?


Which one of the organisms was implicated in dermatitis that might be gotten from swimming pools, hot tubs, and saunas.

Yesenia pestis

The "black death", or bubonic plaque has the notorious distinction of being responsible for the death of millions of people. The organism responsible for the bubonic plague is:

Streptococcus; Staphylococcus; Neisseria ;all of these

Which of the following do you suppose is pyogenic?

Streptococcus pyogenes

The cell surface antigen known as the "M-protein" that contributes to virulence by resisting phagocytosis is characteristic of which one of the following?

Staphylococcus aureus

Which one of the following was emphasized as being "catalase positive?"


Leprosy, or Hanson's disease, is caused by organisms of which one of the following genera?

Haemophilus ducreyi

A STD which is characterized by a "chancroid" is caused by which of the following?

all organisms

Viruses are known to infect:


A virus is a tiny infectious:


Viruses have all of the following except:

human & other animals; plants & fungi;bacteria;protozoa & algae;all of these

Host cells of viruses would include:

either DNA or RNA, not both

The core of every virus particle always contains:


Virus capsids are made from subunits called:

cannot be seen in a light microscope


produce antibodies

The capsid of a virus directly causes the host to:


Which of the following is not associated with every virus?

it can contain both RNA & DNA

Which of the following is not true of the viral genome?


Helical and icosahedral are terms used to describe the shapes of a virus:

RNA viruses

Retroviruses are:


Which of the following represents a virus family name?


Koplik spots are characteristic of which of the following?


Spikes, antigenic drifts, and antigenic shifts are terms associated with which of the following viral diseases?

hepatitis B

A virus associated with chronic liver infection and cancer is:

biochemical reactions

Classification of viruses into families involves determining all the following characteristics except:


Guillain-Barre & Reyes syndromes are major complications of which one of the following viral diseases?


Some viruses have been found to reproduce by binary fission.

viscerotropic virus

Yellow fever is a viral disease of the liver. As such, the yellow fever virus is classified as a:

RNA, Rhabdoviridae

Rabies is (a,an) ? virus, which is classified in the ? family.


All of the following may be due to slow virus diseases, except:

cold sores, genetial herpes

HSVI causes ? , and HSVII causes ? .

rubella virus

The following symptoms are characteristic of which of the viruses listed below. The virus lodges in the placenta and passes to the fetus resulting in problems such as eye, ear, brain, and cardiovascular abnormalities.

yellow fever

The viscerotropic viral disease which was responsible for thousands of deaths in Philadelphia in 1793 was:


Malaise, depression, hydrophobia, and aggressiveness would be characteristics of:


The viral group that is well known for its ability to remain latent in the host's cells is:

Hep. B

The form of hepatitis which is sometimes referred to as "serum" hepatitis is:




Which phase of a fungal life cycle is best adapted to growing in host's body?

more virulent

Primary pathogenic fungi differ from opportunistic fungi in being:


Coccidioidomycosis is endemic to which geographic region in the U.S.?

keratin; skin, hair, nails

Dermatophytic fungi attack the ? in the ?.


The habitat of the true fungal pathogen is the soil.


Opportunistic fungal pathogens exhibit thermal dimorphism.

flagellate, small intestine

Giardia is a\an ? that invades the ? .


Microbes are normally found in all of these except the:

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