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Triton X-100 (C14H22O(C2H4O)n) is a nonionic surfactant which has a hydrophilic polyethylene oxide group (on average it has 9.5 ethylene oxide units) and a hydrocarbon lipophilic or hydrophobic group. The hydrocarbon group is a 4-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)-phenyl group. It is related to the Pluronic range of detergents marketed by BASF. The pluronics are triblock copolymers of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide. The part formed from ethylene oxide is more hydrophilic than the part from propylene oxide. Triton X-100 is very viscous at room temperature and is thus easiest to use after being gently warmed.
Triton X-100 was originally a registered trademark of Rohm & Haas Co. It was subsequently purchased by Union Carbide. It was acquired by the Dow Chemical Company when Dow acquired Union Carbide. Soon afterward (in 2009), Dow acquired Rohm & Haas Co. itself.



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