Earth Science & Biology

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Earth Science & Biology
2013-10-17 17:32:29
Science Olympiad

Science Olympiad
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  1. The study of the Earth's surface and interior
  2. The study of the universe that the Earth is a part of
  3. The study of weather and the Earth's atmosphere
  4. The study of the earth's oceans
  5. Indicate the elevation of all the locations on a given map
    Topographic Maps
  6. All rocks are composed of
  7. Naturally occurring, inorganic, crystalline, solid materials with definite chemical composition, molecular structure, and certain physical properties
  8. Weathering
  9. Erosion
  10. Deposition
  11. Glaciation
  12. Tectonic activity
  13. Water cycle
  14. Hydrologic cycle
  15. Life processes
    Digestion, respiration, circulation, excretion, locomotion, immunity, coordination, and synthesis
  16. Metabolism
    The sum of the energy used in all the life processes represents the metabolism of the organism
  17. Homeostasis
    A state of balance or steady state between a living thing and its environment
  18. If an organism fails to maintain homeostasis, the result is
    Disease or death
  19. Level of organization of cells from smallest to largest
    Cells, tissues, organs, organ system, and whole organisms
  20. Single-celled organisms perform all of the life processes needed to maintain homeostasis by using
  21. The cell theory
    The cell is the unit of structure in all living things

    The cell is the unit of function in all living things

    All cells come from preexisting cells
  22. Prokaryotic cells
    Lack a nucleus and other organelles. Include Archaebacteria and Eubacteria
  23. Eukarotic cells
    Found in organisms from the domain Eukarya, which includes all protists, Fungi, Plants, and Animals
  24. Enzymes
    Needed for the chemical reactions involved in cellular life processes to occur
  25. Nucleus
    Control center of the cell

    Contains DNA which directs the synthesis of proteins by the cell
  26. Mitochondrion
    Carries on the process of cell respiration converting glucose to ATP energy the cell can use
  27. Endoplasmic reticulum
    Transport channels within the cell
  28. Ribosome
    Found on the endoplasmic reticulum and free within the cell

    Responsible for the synthesis of proteins for the cell
  29. Cell membrane
    Selectively regulates the materials moving to and from the cell
  30. Food vacuole
    Stores and digests food
  31. Contractile vacuole
    Found in many single celled aquatic organisms

    Pumps out wastes and excess water from the cell
  32. Cell wall
    Surrounds and supports plant cells
  33. Life processes
    Digestion, respiration, reproduction, circulation, excretion, movement, coordination, and immunity
  34. Digestion
    Breakdown of food to simpler molecules which can enter the cells
  35. Circulation
    The movement of materials within an organism or its cells
  36. Movement (locomotion)
    Change in position by a living thing
  37. Excretion
    Removal of cellular waste products by an organism (wastes may include carbon dioxide, water, salt, and urea and are released during exhalation, perspiration, and uring formation)
  38. Respiration
    Process which converts the energy in food to ATP
  39. ATP
    The form of energy which can be used by the cells
  40. Reproduction
    THe making of more organisms of one's own kind -- not needed by an individual living thing but is needed by its species
  41. Immunity
    The ability of an organisms to resist disease causing organisms and foreign invaders
  42. Pathogens
    Disease causing organisms
  43. Coordination
    The control of the various activities of an organism (mostly involved the nervous system and endocrine glands in complex animals)
  44. Synthesis
    The production of more complex substances by combining two or more simpler substances
  45. Neurotransmitters and hormones
    Allow communication between nerve cells and other body cells as well
  46. DNA
    Contains the instructions that direct the cell's behavior through the synthesis of proteins
  47. Recepter molecules
    Allows cells and organs to communicate with one another
  48. Hormone
    A chemical messenger with a specific shape that travels through the bloodstreaming influencing another target cell or target organ
  49. Dendrite
    Neuron branch which detects stimuli
  50. Cyton
    Cell body of the neuron where normal metabolic activities occur
  51. Axon
    Longest dendrite covered by a myelin sheath which provides electrical insulation -- carries nerve message or impulse to the terminal branches
  52. Terminal branches
    Release nerve chemicals called neurotransmitters which stimulate adjacent dendrites on the next neuron or a muscle cell

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