Chapter 10 lecture notes

Functions to catalyze the first step of the calvin


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Unformatted text preview: hydrate synthesis by the calvin cycle Comparison of chemiosmosis in chloroplasts and mitochondria: Intermembrane space Inner membrane Matrix Thylakoid space Thylakoid membrane Stroma Diﬀerences: Cellular RespiraBon Photosynthesis Source of high energy electrons Organic molecules Water Energy source chemical energy in food light energy Light reacBon and chemiosmosis pH = 8 Proton Mo&gt;ve Force pH = 5 Three steps in the light reacBon contribute to the Proton MoBve Force (PMF) 1.  Water is split by PSII on the side of the membrane facing the thylakoid space 2.  Protons are translocated across the membrane in to the thylakoid space when electrons are transferred from Pq to the cytochrome complex 3.  hydrogen ion is removed from the stroma when it is taken up by NADP+ The Calvin Cycle: Anabolic process that builds carbohydrates from small molecules Note: To synthesize one output molecule (Glyceraldehyde ­3 ­phosphate, G3P), the cycle must take place 3 &gt;mes Phase I  ­ Carbon Fixa0on: •  Three CO2 molecules enter Calvin cycle (1C) •  Combine with three RuBP molecules (5C) •  Generate three short ­lived intermediates (6C) •  Breakdown to form six 3 ­Phosphoglycerate molecules (3C) C  ­Enters 6C – very unstable breaks in half 3C 5C Rubisco: is th...
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