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10 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
the kidney has the following funtions:
- regulating the composition of blood
- regulating blood pressure
- maintaing the body's calcium level
- stimulating the production of red blood cells
the kidney, repectively the nephrons regulate the composition of blood by:
- maintaining the water volume constant
- removing wastes such as urea
- maintaining the concentration of mineral ions and other substances constant
Where does ultrafiltration occur?
in the renal corpuscles
How much glomular filtrate is produced each day?
180 l
How does ultrafiltration in the proximal convoluted tubule work?
the efferent arterioles are smaller than the afferent and so a high blood pressure is created
Where does reabsorption in the proximal convoluted tubule occur?
in the proximal convoluted tubule
What is reabsorbed in the proximal convoluted tubule and how?
- NA+ by active transport
- Cl- and other negatively charged ions through an electrochemical gradient
- water by osmosis
- urea by diffusion
- glucose and amino acids by a special type of active transport (sodium cotransport)
By how much is the volume of the filtrate reduced?
The loop of Henlé and its surrounding capillaries form a ...
countercurrent mechanism
3 main functions of the loop of Henle are
- water is reabsorbed from the descending limb
- Na+ and Cl- are reabsorbed in the ascending limb
- reabsorption of Na+ and Cl- creates a high solute concentration in the medulla