Group 3 Report


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Group 3 Report

  1. 2. GROUP III (ALLEN’S ANGELS) Leader: Allen Jonathan A. Ac-ac Members: Chrestabel Lamina Marilyn dela Cruz Jesielyn Delima Ethel Mabelen
  5. 6. <ul><li>MINIX </li></ul><ul><li>MINIX is a Unix-like computer operating system based on a microkernel architecture . Andrew S. Tanenbaum wrote the operating system to be used for educational purposes; MINIX also inspired the creation of the Linux kernel . Its name derives from the words minimal and Unix . </li></ul>
  6. 7. ANDREW STUART TANENBAUM <ul><li>Born 1944 (age 64–65) White Plains, New York </li></ul><ul><li>Residence Amsterdam, Netherlands </li></ul><ul><li>Nationality American </li></ul><ul><li>Other names Andy ast (internet handle) </li></ul><ul><li>Occupation Professor </li></ul><ul><li>Employer Vrije Universiteit </li></ul><ul><li>Known for MINIX , Microkernels </li></ul>
  7. 8. <ul><li>PLAN 9 FROM BELL LABS </li></ul><ul><li>Plan 9 from Bell Labs is a distributed operating system , primarily used for research. </li></ul><ul><li>It was developed as the research successor to Unix by the Computing Sciences Research Center at Bell Labs between the mid-1980s and 2002. Plan 9 is most notable for representing all system interfaces, including those required for networking and the user-interface, through the file system rather than specialized interfaces. Plan 9 aims to provide users with a workstation-independent working environment through the use of the 9P protocols. Plan 9 continues to be used and developed in some circles as a research operating system and by hobbyists. </li></ul>
  8. 9. <ul><li>INFERNO </li></ul><ul><li>Inferno is an operating system for creating and supporting distributed services. It was based on the experience of Plan 9 from Bell Labs , and the further research of Bell Labs into operating systems, languages, on-the-fly compilers, graphics, security, networking and portability. </li></ul>
  9. 10. Date Release Comment 1996 Inferno Beta Released by Bell Labs May 1997 Inferno Release 1.0 Winter 1997 Bell Labs Technical Journal Article July 1999 Inferno 2nd Edition Released by Lucent's Inferno Business Unit June 2001 Inferno 3rd Edition Released by Vitanuova 2004 Inferno 4th Edition Open Source release; changes to many interfaces (incompatible with earlier editions); includes support for 9P2000.
  10. 11. <ul><li>PLAN B </li></ul><ul><li>Plan B is an operating system designed to work in distributed environments where the set of available resources is different at different points in time. Its 4th edition is implemented as a set of user programs to run on top of Plan 9 from Bell Labs. </li></ul>
  11. 12. <ul><li>SOLARIS </li></ul><ul><li>Solaris is a Unix -based operating system introduced by Sun Microsystems in 1992 as the successor to SunOS . </li></ul><ul><li>Solaris is known for its scalability , especially on SPARC systems, as well for being the origin for many innovative features such as DTrace and ZFS . [1] [2] Solaris supports SPARC-based and x86 -based workstations and servers from Sun and other vendors, with efforts underway to port to additional platforms. </li></ul><ul><li>Solaris is certified against the Single Unix Specification . Although it was historically developed as proprietary software , it is supported on systems manufactured by all major server vendors, and the majority of its codebase is now open source software via the OpenSolaris project. </li></ul>
  12. 13. <ul><li>OPENSOLARIS </li></ul><ul><li>OpenSolaris is an open source operating system based on Sun Microsystems ' Solaris . It is also the name of the project initiated by Sun to build a developer and user community around it. </li></ul><ul><li>OpenSolaris is derived from the Unix System V Release 4 codebase, with significant modifications made by Sun since it bought the rights to that code in 1994. It is the only open source System V derivative available. [1] Open sourced components are snapshots of the latest Solaris release under development. [2] Sun has announced that future versions of its commercial Solaris operating system will be based on technology from the OpenSolaris project. </li></ul>
  13. 14. <ul><li>UNIX </li></ul><ul><li>Unix (officially trademarked as UNIX , sometimes also written as UNIX with small caps ) is a computer operating system originally developed in 1969 by a group of AT&T employees at Bell Labs , including Ken Thompson , Dennis Ritchie , Douglas McIlroy , and Joe Ossanna . Today's Unix systems are split into various branches, developed over time by AT&T as well as various commercial vendors and non-profit organizations. </li></ul>
  14. 15. <ul><li>XINU </li></ul><ul><li>Xinu (&quot; X inu I s N ot U nix&quot;, a recursive acronym ) is a Unix-like operating system originally developed by Douglas Comer for instructional purposes at Purdue University in the 1980s. It has been ported to many hardware platforms, including the DEC LSI-11 and VAX systems, Sun-2 and Sun-3 workstations, Intel x86 , PowerPC G3 and MIPS . Xinu has been deployed in several commercial products, and continues to be used for operating system and networking courses at Universities around the world. </li></ul>
  16. 18. Free Unix-like (a.k.a. open source)
  17. 19. Berkeley Software Distribution ( BSD ), sometimes called Berkeley Unix )
  18. 20. is the Unix operating system derivative developed and distributed by the Computer Systems Research Group of the University of California, Berkeley, from 1977 to 1995.
  19. 21. GNU
  22. 24. Linux
  24. 26. open source software collaboration; typically all the underlying source code can be used, freely modified, and redistributed by anyone under the terms of the GNU GPL license.
  25. 27. History
  26. 28. Richard Stallman Linus Torvalds
  27. 29. OpenDarwin
  28. 30. was a community-led operating system based on the Darwin platform. It was founded in April 2002 by Apple Inc. and Internet Systems Consortium.
  29. 31. Its goal was to increase collaboration between Apple developers and the free software community. Apple theoretically benefited
  30. 32. from the project because improvements to Open Darwin would be incorporated into Darwin releases; and the free/open source community supposedly benefited
  31. 33. from being given complete control over its own operating system, which could then be used in free software distributions such as GNU-Darwin
  32. 34. OpenSolaris
  34. 36. OpenSolaris is derived from the Unix System V Release 4 code base, with significant modifications made by Sun since it bought the rights to that code in 1994.
  35. 37. <ul><ul><li>It is the only open source System V derivative available. Open sourced components are snapshots of the latest Solaris release under development. </li></ul></ul>
  36. 38. <ul><ul><li>Sun has announced that future versions of its commercial Solaris operating system will be based on technology from the OpenSolaris project. </li></ul></ul>
  37. 39. SSS-PC
  38. 40. project team developed the next generation operating system `SSS-PC' (pronounced `three ess pc') Ver. 1.0 which runs on personal computers (PC).
  39. 41. SSS-PC is being developed at Information Science Laboratory, Ltd. and will be released as its main product in the future.
  40. 42. <ul><li>SSS-PC is the dependable scalable operating system feturing unique new technologies such as Memory Based Communication Facility (MBCF) and Information Disclosure Mechanism (IDM) in addition to basic kernel functions such as memory protection and multitasking. </li></ul>
  41. 43. <ul><li>SSS-PC has task migration functionality and a unique scheduling system based on Free Marked Mechanism (FMM) and lets users perform maintenance jobs such as machine replacement, hardware component inspection and dynamic system reconfiguration without stopping running applications. </li></ul>
  42. 44. <ul><li>The project team is working hard to alpha release SSS-PC by the end of 2003. The project team will reinforce SSS-PC with high dependable features to make it a foundation platform of dependable computing. Below are poster pictures describing SSS-PC 's features and performance evaluations. PDF versions are available. </li></ul>
  43. 45. Syllable
  44. 46. <ul><li>is a free and open source operating system for Pentium and compatible processors. Its purpose is to create an easy-to-use desktop operating system for the home and small office user. It was forked from the stagnant AtheOS in July 2002. </li></ul>
  45. 47. VSTa (Valencia's Simple Tasker)
  46. 48. was an operating system with a microkernel architecture, with all device drivers and file systems residing in user space mode. It is mostly POSIX compliant, except when POSIX compatibility got in the way of
  47. 49. extensibility and modularity. It was conceptually inspired by QNX and Plan 9. Written by Andy Valencia, and released under the GPL license. Currently the licensing for VSTa is Copy left.
  48. 50. THANK YOU VERY MUCH!!! Ms. Chrestabel F. Lamina Mr. For-Ian V. Sandoval Computer Instructor
  49. 51. Nonproprietary non-Unix-like
  50. 52. Amoeba ( research OS by Andrew S.Tanenbaum ) Amoeba was an experimental , microkernel-based distributed operating system developed by Andrew S.Tanenbaum and others at the Vrije Universiteit . The aim of the Amoeba project was to build a timesharing system that made an entire network of computers appear to the user as a single machine. Development seems to have stalled: the files in the latest version (5.3) were last modified on the 12 February 2001.Amoeba ran on several platforms, including i386 , Sun-3 and SPARC.
  51. 53. Croquet   The Croquet Project is an international effort to promote the continued development of Croquet, a free software platform and a network operating system for developing and delivering deeply collaborative multi-user online applications . Croquet was specifically designed to enable the creation and low-cost deployment of large scale metaverses .
  52. 54. House Haskell User's Operating System and Environment, research OS written in Haskell and C. House is an acronym for the Haskell User's Operating System and Environment. It is an experimental operating system written in Haskell. It was written to explore system programming in a functional programming language. It includes a graphical user interface, several demos, and its network protocol stack provides basic support for Ethernet, IPv4, ARP, DHCP, ICMP (ping), UDP, TFTP, and TCP.
  53. 55. l ILIOS Research OS designed for routing ILIOS stands for Inter Link Internet Operating System. It is an attempt to create an operating system specifically oriented towards networking purposes (especially routing). It supports IPv4 routing and is a good educational OS (even though it is single tasking and does everything via interrupts). The author of this research OS is Rink Springer, it is released under the BSD License. Springer is also responsible for porting FreeBSD to the Xbox.
  54. 56. <ul><li>EROS </li></ul><ul><li>microkernel, capability-based </li></ul><ul><ul><li>-CapROS microkernel EROS successor. </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>-Coyotos microkernel EROS successor, </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>goal: be first formally verified OS. </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>EROS ( The Extremely Reliable Operating System ) is an operating system developed by The EROS Group, LLC., the Johns Hopkins University, and the University of Pennsylvania. Interesting features include automatic data and process persistence, some preliminary real-time support, and capability-based security. </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>EROS is purely a research operating system, and was never deployed in real world use. As of 2005, development has stopped in favor of two successor systems,CapROS andCoyotos. </li></ul></ul>
  55. 57. Work on EROS by the original group has halted, but there are two successor systems. The CapROS system is building directly from the EROS code base, while the Coyotos system is a successor system that addresses some of the architectural deficiencies of EROS, and is exploring (as research) the possibility of a fully verified operating system.
  56. 58. Capros Capros may refer to: CapROS, an open source computer operating system Capros (fish), a genus of fish, of the Caproidae family Coyotos Coyotos is a operating system capability-based security-focused microkernel being developed at the Johns Hopkins University's Systems Research Laboratory. It is a successor to the EROS system. Coyotos is considered by its creators to be an &quot;evolutionary step&quot; beyond the EROS operating system, which in turn was derived from KeyKOS. The primary developer of EROS was Jonathan Shapiro, and he is also a driving force behind Coyotos.
  57. 59. L4 L4 is a family of second-generation microkernels based on the original designs and implementations by Jochen Liedtke in highly tuned Intel i386-specific assembly language code. Since then the API has seen dramatic development in a number of directions, both in achieving a higher grade of platform independence and also in improving security, isolation, and robustness. There have been various re-implementations of the original binary L4 kernel interface (ABI) and its higher level successors, including L4Ka::Pistachio (Uni Karlsruhe), L4/MIPS (UNSW) and Fiasco (TU Dresden). For this reason, the name L4 has been generalized and no longer only refers to Jochen's original implementation. It now applies to the whole microkernel family including the L4 kernelinterface and its different versions.
  58. 60. Mach Mach (kernel), search Mach is an operating system microkernel developed at Carnegie Mellon University to support operating system research, primarily distributed and parallel computation. It is one of the earliest examples of a microkernel, and still the standard by which similar projects are measured. Today further experimental research on Mach appears ended, although Mach and its derivatives are in use in a number of commercial operating systems, such as NEXTSTEP and OPENSTEP, and most notably Mac OS X (using the XNU kernel).
  59. 61. Mach started largely as an effort to produce a cleanly-defined, UNIX-based, highly portable Accent. The result was a short list of generic concepts: -a &quot;task&quot; is a set of resources that enable &quot;threads&quot; to run -a &quot;thread&quot; is a single unit of code running on a processor -a &quot;port&quot; defines a secure pipe for IPC between tasks -&quot;messages&quot; are passed between programs on ports
  60. 62. MONADS In functional programming , a monad is a kind of abstract data type used to represent computations (instead of data in the domain model ). Programs written in functional style can make use of monads to structure procedures that include sequenced operations, or to define arbitrary control flows (like handling concurrency , continuations , or exceptions ). Formally, a monad is constructed by defining two operations bind and return and a type constructor M that must fulfill several properties. These properties make possible the correct composition of functions that use values from the monad as their arguments (so called monadic functions).
  61. 63. <ul><ul><li>SPEEDOS </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Secure Persistent Execution Environment for Distributed Object Systems builds on MONADS ideas. </li></ul></ul>
  62. 64. Nemesis Nemesis is an operating system designed by the University of Cambridge , the University of Glasgow , the Swedish Institute of Computer Science and Citrix Systems . Nemesis was conceived with multimedia uses in mind. In a microkernel environment, an application is typically implemented by a number of processes, most of which are servers performing work on behalf of more than one client. This leads to enormous difficulty in accounting for resource usage. In a kerne l-based system, multimedia applications spend most of their time in the kernel, leading to similar problems.
  63. 65. The guiding principle in the design of Nemesis was to structure the operating system in such a way that the majority of code could execute in the application process itself. Nemesis therefore had an extremely small lightweight kernel and performed most operating system functions in shared libraries, which executed in the user's process. The ISAs that Nemesis supports include x86 ( Intel 486 , Pentium, Pentium Pro, and Pentium 2), Alpha AXP (DEC Alpha), and ARM (StrongARM SA-110). Nemesis also runs on evaluation boards (21064 and 21164).
  64. 66. Singularity Singularity is a Microsoft Research project started in 2003 to build a highly-dependable operating system in which the kernel , device drivers , and applications are all written in managed code . The lowest-level x86 interrupt dispatch code is written in assembly language and C . Once this code has done its job, it calls the kernel, whose runtime and garbage collector are written in C# and run in unsafe mode . The hardware abstraction layer is written in C++ and runs in safe mode . There is also some C code to handle debugging. The computer's BIOS is only called during the 16-bit real-mode bootstrap stage; once in 32-bit mode, Singularity never calls the BIOS again, but rather calls device drivers written in C#. During installation, CIL opcodes of the C# kernel are compiled into x86 opcodes using the Bartok compiler .
  65. 67. Spring Spring was an experimental microkernel-based object oriented operating system developed at Sun Microsystems in the early 1990s. Using technology substantially similar to concepts developed in the Mach kernel , Spring concentrated on providing a richer programming environment supporting multiple inheritance and other features. Spring was also more cleanly separated from the operating systems it would host, divorcing it from its Unix roots and even allowing several OSes to be run at the same time. Development faded out in the mid-1990s, but several ideas and some code from the project was later re-used in the Java programming language libraries and the Solaris operating system .
  66. 68. V The V operating system (sometimes written V-System, not to be confused with System V ) is a microkernel operating system that was developed by faculty and students in the Distributed Systems Group at Stanford University in the 1980s, led primarily by Prof. David Cheriton . V was the successor to the Thoth and Verax operating systems that Cheriton had worked on previously. The original V terminology uses &quot;process&quot; for what is now commonly called a &quot; thread &quot;, and &quot;team&quot; for what is now commonly called a &quot; process &quot; consisting of multiple threads sharing an address space, but this article will use modern terminology.
  67. 69. The key concepts in V are multithreading and synchronous message passing . Communication between threads in V uses synchronous message passing, with short, fixed-length messages that can include access rights for the receiver to read or write part of the sender's address space before replying. The same message-passing interface is used both between threads within one process, between threads of different processes within one machine, and between threads on different machines connected by a local Ethernet .
  68. 70. Open source non-Unix-like
  69. 71. <ul><li>FullPliant </li></ul><ul><li>Pliant is the first attempt to connect C and LISP branches.It was written by Hubert Tonneau, first published in 1999, and is released under GNU General Public License version 2. </li></ul><ul><li>A full computing system, named FullPliant has since been provided that is: </li></ul><ul><ul><li>A proof of concept that the language can be efficiently used in many areas (database engine, graphical stack, web framework, etc) </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>A smaller, so easier to adapt, overall computing system </li></ul></ul>
  70. 72. <ul><li>Pliant is based on two main main concepts: </li></ul><ul><li>First, the program is successively encoded in four precisely defined models: </li></ul><ul><li>Source code </li></ul><ul><li>Expressions tree </li></ul><ul><li>Instructions list </li></ul><ul><li>Executable </li></ul><ul><li>Then, the three transitions between these four models can freely be changed at application level because the compiler is dynamic and reflexive . </li></ul><ul><li>As a result, Pliant meta programming is no more defined as syntactical rewriting as in LISP, but as a transition from the free semantic expressions tree model to the fixed semantic and efficient instructions list model. </li></ul>
  71. 73. FreeDOS FreeDOS (formerly Free-DOS and PD-DOS) is an operating system for IBM PCcompatible computers. FreeDOS is made up of many different, separate programs that act as &quot;packages&quot; to the overall FreeDOS Project. As a member of the DOS family, it provides mainly disk access through its kernel , and partial memory managemen t, but no default GUI (although OpenGEM is listed on the official FreeDOS website). FreeDOS is currently at version 1.0, released on September 3 , 2006 .
  72. 74. FreeDOS supports vintage hardware IBM PC as well as modern ones, in addition to embedded computer . Unlike MS-DOS , it is composed of free and open sourc software , licensed under the terms of the GNU General Public License (GPL). It does not require license fees or royalties and creation of custom distributions is permitted. However, in its &quot;util&quot; section it includes also non-free software such as 4DOS .
  73. 75. FreeVMS FreeVMS is a free software clone of VMS computer operating system , licensed under the terms of the GNU General Public License . As of 2008, the project is in the early stages of development. The latest version is 0.3.11. It consists of a kernel (planned to be POSIX -compliant[ citation needed ] and a DCL command line interpreter .
  74. 76. Haiku   Haiku, formerly known as OpenBeOS, is a free and open source software project dedicated to the re-creation and continuation of BeOS on x86 and PowerPC based computers. The name “Haiku” intends to reflect the elegance and simplicity that attracted many to the BeOS platform, and is also a direct reference to the distinctive haiku error messages found in NetPositive , the default BeOS web browser, and many other Be applications. Inc.Haiku. , a non-profit organization based in Rochester, New York, was founded in 2003 by former project leader Michael Phipps to support the project and the development of the Haiku operating system.
  75. 77. ReactOS      ReactOS is a computer operating system intended to be binary compatible with application software and device drivers made for Microsoft Windows NT versions 5.x and up ( Windows 2000 and its successors). It is composed entirely of free software , by means of a complete clean room reverse engineering process.
  76. 78. osFree Osfree (OS/2) is a computer operating system , initially created by Microsoft and IBM , then later developed by IBM exclusively. The name stands for &quot;Operating System/2,&quot; because it was introduced as part of the same generation change release as IBM's &quot; Personal System/2 (PS/2)&quot; line of second-generation personal computers . OS/2 is no longer marketed by IBM, and IBM standard support for OS/2 was discontinued on 31 December 2006. Currently, Serenity Systems sells OS/2 under the brand name eComStation .