Types of Variables and Distributions

  • Gregory R. Pond
  • Samantha-Jo Caetano


Investigators must have a thorough understanding of the types of variables they might encounter as part of their research. Variables can be described using distributions. Some common distributions are described, along with specific types of variables, including independent, dependent, and confounding variables, which are defined and described. Understanding variables and distributions is imperative for planning and interpreting research studies.


Variables Distributions Parameters 


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Copyright information

© Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature 2018

Authors and Affiliations

  1. 1.McMaster UniversityHamiltonCanada

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