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Sciatica refers to those symptoms that target nerve roots and cause pain, but it is not the cause of the pain. This subtle distinction is critical because the treatment options turn on the specific symptoms. Depending on the symptoms, a physician will determine the appropriate treatment for each patient. If you're seeking quality medical attention for sciatica or other conditions, visit The Spine Center.

The Science Behind Sciatica

Normal aging and wear-and-tear contribute to scatica. A common cause of sciatica is the deterioration of intervertebral disks between each vertebra that cushion the bones of the lower (lumbar) spine. These disks allow for flexibility, strength, and movement. Over time, the disks lose water causing the vertebra to rub together. The disks’ jelly-like center (nucleus) may protrude into or through the disk's outer lining. The nucleus can also leak chemicals that irritate and inflame nerve roots.

As a result, these herniated disks can place sudden, direct pressure on the surrounding nerves in the lower back. Specifically, pinched nerve development targets the sciatic nerve, a large nerve fiber that originates in the lower back that runs through the buttocks and down the lower legs. The sciatic nerve is actually the body’s longest and widest single nerve. It’s been found that an estimated 1 in 50 people will experience a herniated disk during their lifetime and 10% to 25% will experience sciatic nerve compression symptoms lasting more than 6 weeks.

The main symptom of sciatica is severe radiating pain. This pain may even manifest itself when sitting, coughing, or sneezing. Sciatic nerve compression may be accompanied by numbness, muscular weakness, tingling, burning, and a pins and needles feeling. Patients also complain about difficulty in moving around and controlling their legs. Frequently, these symptoms are only felt on a single side of the body. Although rare, sciatica’s nerve pressure may cause the loss of bladder or bowel control and numbness or tingling in the groin or genital area. When this occurs, immediate medical attention is vital.

Medical Attention for Sciatica

When sciatica is suspected, medical professionals may conduct a physical examination including a complete patient history. This may include an explanation for how the pain started, where it’s located, and exactly what it feels like. Additionally, patients may need to complete tests including squat and rise, walking on heels and toes, and a straight-leg raising test. A physician may also order x-rays and other specialized imaging tools such as MRI.

Spine Health Institute offers various treatment options for sciatica. We invite you to explore all of our services by calling 866.986.7497.