Wednesday, February 15, 2017

Effect of Solar Storms

Solar flares produce high energy particles and radiation that can be dangerous to living organisms. However, at the surface of the Earth we (living things) are well protected from the effects of solar flares and other solar activity by the Earth's magnetic field and atmosphere. 

The x-rays from flares are stopped by our atmosphere well above the Earth's surface. The energetic particles produced at the Sun in flares seldom reach the Earth. When they do, the Earth's magnetic field prevents almost all of them from reaching the Earth's surface. 

The most serious effects on human activity occur during major geomagnetic storms. Major geomagnetic storms are induced by coronal mass ejections (CMEs), usually associated with flares.  A CME drives a shock wave which can continuously produce energetic particles as it propagates through interplanetary space. When a CME reaches the Earth, its impact disturbs the Earth's magnetosphere, setting off a geomagnetic storm. 




Could a solar flare or CME be large enough to cause a nation-wide or planet-wide cataclysm? It is impossible to give a definitive answer to this question, but it never hurts to be prepared.


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