Anatomy – Part II Not getting below 100% still.

Term Definition
Digestive System a body system which breaks down food into simpler chemical compounds to be absorbed by the cells or eliminated from the body.
Enzymes a substance produced by glands which initiate a biochemical reaction.
Salivary Glands glands which initiate the process of digestion by releasing enzymes that break down food while it's still in the mouth.
Pharynx the passage from the mouth to the esophagus, stomach, and lungs.
Esophagus the passage between the pharynx and the stomach.
Stomach the organ which contains hydrochloric acid that aids in digesting food. Where digestion occurs.
Peristalsis the involuntary turning and twisting of the esophagus which transports food into the stomach.
Hydrochloric Acid an acid found in the stomach that, with the help of several enzymes, breaks down food.
Pepsin an enzyme which breaks down proteins into polypeptide molecules and free amino acids.
Small Intestine an organ which receives and absorbs nutrients from food undigested by the stomach.
Villi finger-like projections in the walls of the small intestine which absorb nutrients into the bloodstream.
64 ounces the amount of water an average adult should consume per day.
Large Intestine the colon; stores waste for eventual elimination.
9 hours the amount of time it takes for the body to digest food.
Excretory System a body system which eliminates solid, liquid, and gaseous waste from the body. Includes the skin, liver, and kidneys.
Skin the body's largest organ which excretes waste through sweat glands.
Liver an organ which secretes bile and converts ammonia from the circulatory system into urea.
Kidneys organs which receive urea from the liver and passes it through the nephrons.
Nephrons small, tube-like structures attached to the kidneys which receive urea and convert it to urine. Filter out waste products and water so that nutrients can be reabsorbed into the bloodstream.
Ureters where excreted waste travels through to reach the bladder and be eliminated from the body.
Respiratory System the body system which maintains the exchange of carbon dioxide and oxygen in the lungs and body tissues. Consists of the upper and lower respiratory tracts, the lungs, and the thoracic cavity.
Inhalation a phase of respiration in which the body takes in oxygen to be absorbed into the blood.
Exhalation a phase of respiration in which the body eliminates oxygen's toxic by-product, carbon dioxide, by breathing out.
Lungs the spongy muscles which air enters when you inhale. The lung cells process oxygen for absorption into the bloodstream and release carbon dioxide when you exhale.
Diaphragm the muscular organ that separates the chest cavity from the abdomen. Expands and contracts, forcing air into and out of the lungs.
Vibrissae the mucus membranes in the nose which filter out dust and dirt from air.
Conchae the internal nasal bones which warm inhaled air as it travels through the nasal passages.
Upper Respiratory Tract consists of the nose, mouth, pharynx, and larynx.
Larynx a passage which contains the vocal cords. Connects the pharynx to the trachea.
Lower Respiratory Tract consists of the trachea, bronchi, and the lungs.
Trachea a conduction pathway through which air flows. Connected to the Larynx.
Bronchi "bronchial tree"; delivers air directly to the lungs.
Endocrine System a body system composed of a group of ductless glands which regulate and control the growth, reproduction, and health of the body. Directly affects hair growth, skin conditions, and energy levels.
Hormones chemical substances produced by the endocrine glands which are released into the bloodstream.
Reproductive System a body system which allows a living organism to procreate. Affects hormones.
Chloasma "melasma"; a mask of hyperpigmentation typically found around the mouth, nose, and cheeks. More common in pregnant people.
Heat, Exfoliants, and Key Ingredients three things pregnant people might be more sensitive to.
Integumentary System a body system which describes the layers of the skin and their protective functions.
Sebaceous and Sudoriferous the two duct glands of the skin.

Leave a Reply
