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Boylium (128By)
Pronunciation /'bōi•lē•(y)üm/
Name in Saurian Reøcaim (Rø)
Systematic name Unbioctium (Ubo)
Location on the periodic table
Period 8
Coordinate 5g8
Above element ––
Below element ––
Previous element Planckium (127Pk)
Next element Berzelium (129Bz)
Family Boylium family
Series Lavoiside series
Atomic properties
Atomic mass 345.8646 u, 574.3216 yg
Atomic radius 165 pm, 1.65 Å
Van der Waals radius 193 pm, 1.93 Å
Subatomic particles 471
Nuclear properties
Nucleons 343 (128 p+, 215 n0)
Nuclear ratio 1.68
Nuclear radius 8.37 fm
Half-life 5.3681 My
Electronic properties
Electron notation 128-8-23
Electron configuration [Mc] 5g4 6f2 8s2 8p2
2, 8, 18, 32, 36, 20, 8, 4
Oxidation states +4, +6, +8, +10
(strongly basic oxide)
Electronegativity 1.19
First ionization energy 518.0 kJ/mol, 5.369 eV
Electron affinity 23.1 kJ/mol, 0.239 eV
Covalent radius 176 pm, 1.76 Å
Physical properties
Bulk properties
Molar mass 345.865 g/mol
Molar volume 35.400 cm3/mol
Density 9.770 g/cm3
Atomic number density 1.74 × 1021 g−1
1.70 × 1022 cm−3
Average atomic separation 389 pm, 3.89 Å
Speed of sound 1081 m/s
Magnetic ordering Paramagnetic
Crystal structure Centered tetragonal
Color Gray
Phase Solid
Melting point 387.21 K, 696.99°R
114.06°C, 237.32°F
Boiling point 1322.48 K, 2380.47°R
1049.33°C, 1920.80°F
Liquid range 935.27 K, 1683.48°R
Liquid ratio 3.42
Triple point 387.22 K, 697.00°R
114.07°C, 237.33°F
@ 6.3453 nPa, 4.7594 × 10−11 torr
Critical point 3183.93 K, 5731.08°R
2910.78°C, 5271.41°F
@ 139.5302 MPa, 1377.061 atm
Heat of fusion 5.308 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization 130.218 kJ/mol
Heat capacity 0.07435 J/(g•K), 0.13383 J/(g•°R)
25.714 J/(mol•K), 46.286 J/(mol•°R)
Universe (by mass) Relative: 4.59 × 10−20
Absolute: 1.54 × 1033 kg

Boylium is the fabricated name of a theoretical element with the symbol By and atomic number 128. Boylium was named in honor of Robert Boyle (1627–1691), who developed the concept of chemical elements and studied the physical properties of gases. This element is known in the scientific literature as unbioctium (Ubo), or simply element 128. Boylium is the eighth element of the lavoiside series and located in the periodic table coordinate 5g8.

Properties Edit

Physical Edit

Boylium is a soft, gray, brittle metal. Boylium is a solid at room temperature (298 K) with tetragonal crystals; its liquid state ranges from 387 K to 1322 K. Boylium's density is 9.77 g/cm3 and its molar volume is 35.4 cm3/mol, multiplying density by its molar volume yields a molar mass of 346 g/mol. In one cubic centimeter of cube, there are 17 sextillion boylium atoms.

Atomic Edit

Boylium atomically contains 343 nucleons (128 protons, 215 neutrons) that make up the nucleus, making up only a tiny portion of the atom. Surrounding the nucleus, there are 23 orbitals in 8 shells where 128 electrons reside, corresponding to its notation of 128-8-23. Due to extreme spin-orbit coupling, the 5g orbital contains four less electrons than what the periodic table expects, because of the smearing effects. Instead there are two electrons in the 6f orbital and two in the 8p orbital.

Isotopes Edit

As for every other element heavier than lead, boylium has no stable isotopes. The most stable isotope is 343By with a half-life of 5.37 million years, alpha decaying to 339Mw. The second most stable boylium isotope is 350By, whose half-life is close behind at 3.73 million years, beta decaying to 350Bz. There are numerous metastable isomers, the longest-lived is 348m1By, whose half-life is 20.2 minutes, 345m1By with a half-life of 2.38 minutes, and 346m2By with a half-life of 38 seconds. They all decay to corresponding ground state isotopes through gamma ray emission.

Chemical Edit

Because of the low binding energies due to added electrons, boylium has a common oxidation state of as high as +10 and is reactive. +10 is not the only common state, also there is +8 state, as well as less common +6 and +4 states. In the +10 state, boylium is most stable in decafluoride, ByF10.

Boylium is a basic element, meaning it can form a base when metal or its oxide is dissolved in water. The base is used to neutralize acids.

Compounds Edit

Boylium can examply form hexahalides, octahalides, trichalcides or tetrachalcides. Boylium can form oxides (ByO4 or ByO5) when it burns with a brilliant lime green flame in the air. Boylium sulfate (By(SO4)4 or By(SO4)5) forms when it burns in sulfuric acid. Of all the halogens, fluorine can be bonded to it most easily since fluorine is the most reactive halogen. ByF8 is a clear but smelly liquid with the boiling point of 310 K and freezes at 237 K. ByF10 is a colorless, odorless gas with the condensation point of 221 K. Boylium(VI) boride (ByB2) and boylium(VIII) boride (By3B8) are both semiconductors. ByB2 has a melting point of 755 K while By3B8 has a much higher melting point of 2387 K.

Occurrence and synthesis Edit

It is certain that boylium is virtually nonexistent on Earth, and is extremely rare in the universe. Since every element heavier than lithium were produced by stars, then boylium must be produced in stars, and then thrown out into space by exploding stars. But it is virtually impossible for even the most powerful supernovae or most violent neutron star collisions to produce this element through r-process because there's not enough energy available or not enough neutrons, respectively, to produce this hyperheavy element. Instead, this element can only practically be made by advanced technological civilizations, however boylium can barely exist naturally as the double beta decay product of maxwellium. Boylium is theoretically the heaviest possible naturally occurring element. An estimated abundance of boylium in the universe by mass is 4.59 × 10−20, which amounts to 1.54  × 1033 kg.

To go along with other such civilizations, humans on Earth may soon have the capability to synthesize boylium. To synthesize most stable isotopes of boylium, nuclei of a couple lighter elements must be fused together, and right amount of neutrons must be seeded. This operation would be very difficult since it requires a great deal of energy. Here's couple of example equations in the production of the most stable isotope, 363By.

Hf + 137
Ba + 28 1
n → 343
Th + 88
Sr + 23 1
n → 343
Periodic table
1 H He
2 Li Be B C N O F Ne
3 Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar
9 Ps Hb Kf Bn Ju Hm Bs Rs

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