Science (from the Latin word scientia , meaning “knowledge”) [1] is a systematic enterprise that builds and organizes knowledge in the form of testable explanations and predictions about the universe .[2][a]
The earliest roots of science can be traced to Ancient Egypt and
Scientific Revolution that began in the 16th century [8] as new ideas and discoveries departed from previous Greek conceptions and traditions.[9]
[10][11][12] The scientific method soon played a greater role in knowledge creation and it was not until the 19th century that many of the institutional and professional features of science began to take shape.[13][14][15]
chemistry , and physics), which study nature in the broadest sense; the social sciences (e.g., economics , psychology, and sociology ), which study individuals and societies; and the formal sciences (e.g., logic, mathematics , and
theoretical computer science), which study abstract concepts. There is disagreement, [16][17] however, on whether the formal sciences actually constitute a science as they do not rely on empirical evidence .[18] Disciplines that use existing scientific knowledge for practical purposes, such as
engineering and medicine, are described as applied sciences .[19][20]
research institutions as well as in
environmental protection .

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