Normal fasting glucose level: The American Diabetes Association defines normal fasting blood glucose levels as a value of 110 mg/dL (milligrams/deciliter).

Pre-diabetes: People with fasting glucose values between 110 and 126 mg/dL are considered to have impaired fasting glucose, or pre-diabetes, a risk factor for future diabetes and cardiovascular disease.

Diabetic glucose level: People with fasting glucose values of 126 mg/dL or greater may have diabetes and should get additional testing.

Type 1 diabetes: An autoimmune disease in which the immune system attacks the insulin-producing cells of the pancreas. This form of diabetes usually appears in childhood but can occur at any age. Patients must take insulin by injection or pump to stay alive. Approximately 5% to 10% of diabetics have type 1 diabetes. Risk factors for type 1 diabetes may be autoimmune, genetic or environmental. There is no known way to prevent type 1 diabetes.

Type 2 diabetes: A metabolic disorder in which the body's cells become less responsive to insulin, a pancreatic hormone that is essential especially for the metabolism of carbohydrates. Approximately 90% to 95% of diabetics have type 2 diabetes. It is highly preventable with lifestyle changes.

Gestational diabetes: A condition that causes blood sugar to rise in some pregnant women. Blood sugar levels usually return to normal after delivery. However, women who have gestational diabetes are at increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes in the future .

This information provided by the Group Insurance Commission .