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International Classification of Headache Disorders

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The International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD) is a detailed hierarchical classification of all headache-related disorders published by the International Headache Society.[1] It is considered the official classification of headaches by the World Health Organization, and, in 1992, was incorporated into the 10th edition of their International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10).[2] Each class of headache contains explicit diagnostic criteria—meaning that the criteria includes quantities rather than vague terms like several or usually—that are based on clinical and laboratory observations.[2]

The ICHD was first published in 1988 (now known as the ICHD-1). The second and current version, the ICHD-2, was published in 2004.

Hierarchy Edit

Primary headaches Edit

ICHD 1, ICD10 G43: MigraineEdit

Migraine without aura
Migraine with aura
Childhood periodic syndromes that are commonly precursors of migraine
Retinal migraine
Complications of migraine
Migraine-triggered seizure
Probable migraine

ICHD 2, ICD10 G44.2: Tension-type headache (TTH)Edit

Infrequent episodic tension-type headache
Frequent episodic tension-type headache
Chronic tension-type headache
Probable tension-type headache

ICHD 3, ICD10 G44.0: Cluster headache and other trigeminal autonomic cephalagiasEdit

Cluster headache
Paroxysmal hemicrania
Probable trigeminal autonomic cephalagia

ICHD 4, ICD10 G44.80: Other primary headachesEdit

Template:Empty section 4.1. Primary stabbing headache 4.2. Primary cough headache 4.3. Primary exertional headache 4.4. Primary headache associated with sexual activity 4.5. Hypnic headache 4.6. Primary thunderclap headache 4.7. Hemicrania continua 4.8. New daily persistent headache (NDPH)

Secondary headaches Edit

ICHD 5, ICD10 G44.88: Headache attributed to head and/or neck traumaEdit

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ICHD 6, ICD10 G44.81: Headache attributed to cranial or cervical vascular disorderEdit

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ICHD 7, ICD10 G44.82: Headache attributed to non-vascular intracranial disorderEdit

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ICHD 8, ICD10 G44.4 or G44.83: Headache attributed to a substance or its withdrawalEdit

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ICHD 9, ICD10 G44.821 or G44.881: Headache attributed to infectionEdit

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ICHD 10, ICD10 G44.882: Headache attributed to disorder of homeostasisEdit

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ICHD 11, ICD10 G44.84: Headache or facial pain attributed to disorder of cranium, neck, eyes, ears, nose, sinuses, teeth, mouth or other facial or cranial structuresEdit

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ICHD 12, ICD10 R51: Headache attributed to psychiatric disorderEdit

ICHD 12.1 ICD10 R51: Headache attributed to somatization disorder
ICHD 12.2 ICD10 R51: Headache attributed to psychotic disorder

Cranial neuralgias, central and primary facial pain and other headaches Edit

ICHD 13, ICD10 G44.847, G44.848, or G44.85: Cranial neuralgias and central causes of facial painEdit

ICHD 13.1, ICD10 G44.847: Trigeminal neuralgia
Glossopharyngeal neuralgia
Nervus intermedius neuralgia
Superior laryngeal neuralgia
Nasociliary neuralgia
Supraorbital neuralgia
Other terminal branch neuralgias
Occipital neuralgia
Neck-tongue syndrome
External compression headache
Cold-stimulus headache
Optic neuritis
Ocular diabetic neuropathy
Head or facial pain attributed to herpes zoster
Head or facial pain attributed to acute herpes zoster
Post-herpetic neuralgia
Tolosa-Hunt syndrome
Opthalamoplegic migraine
Central causes of facial pain
Anaesthesia dolorosa
Central post-stroke pain
Facial pain attributable to multiple sclerosis
Persistent idiopathic facial pain (the IHS's perferred term for atypical facial pain)
Burning mouth syndrome
Other cranial neuralgia or other centrally mediated facial pain

ICHD 14, ICD10 R51: Other headache, cranial neuralgia, central or primary facial painEdit

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References Edit

  1. Headache Classification Subcommittee of the International Headache Society (2004). The International Classification of Headache Disorders, 2nd Edition. Cephalagia 24 (Supplement 1): 1–160.
  2. 2.0 2.1 Olesen, Jes (2006). The Headaches, 3rd, 1–13, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.


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