The measurable dependent quantities are one part of electrical measurements, generally electrical measurements are categorized into two parts one is measurable independent quantities and the other one is measurable dependent quantities.

 The measurable dependent quantities are defined as the quantities in any electrical circuit or device which for their own value depends on the basic or independent quantities of the circuit but they do not alter their values.

Measurable Quantities:-

i)                     Inductance: - It is property of the electrical circuit through which electromotive force is being induced in circuit as result in the change of magnetic flux. Circuit element, basically, conducting coil, in which the electromotive force is being generated by the electromagnetic induction.Its SI unit is hennery.

ii)                  Capacitance: -Capacitance is referred to the ratio of the charge by voltage.
 The formula is given as: C = Q/V. (Q=charge, V=Voltage) 
 But from further expansion of the Capacitance we came to know that Capacitance can be defined in a fine way by using the shape of material and the material itself. The material itself refers to the permittivity.
The SI unit of measurement for the capacitance is farad. Usually, One farad is equal to a coulomb per volt.

iii)                Electrical impedance: - Denoted by symbol Z. It is measure of the total reversal to the flow of current in an AC circuit. It has basically two elements, i.e. two components, ohmic resistance and the reactance, and represents in complex form as: - Z = R + iX, where, R= resistance and X = reactance.

iv)                Electrical spectral density: - It is define as for any specific bandwidth of the radiation that has continuous spectrum of bandwidth. Spectral density is measured in terms of watt/hertz.

v)                  Electrical phase noise: -Phase noise generally measures the interruption in frequency. Generally any frequency output is not stable and is not free of error. The real output is distributed among the nominal and the less distribution.

The phase noise generally calculated by amplitude and range of spread.

vi)                Electrical amplitude noise: - Any unsystematic or systematic variation in the output amplitude is called as amplitude noise because we didn’t get the real information.

vii)              Transconductance: - transconductance is the expression of performance of the bipolar transistor or the field-effect transistor (FET). In general, larger the transconductance, greater is the gain. It is denoted by gm. The unit of the transconductance is Siemens in SI.

viii)            Transimpedance: - Is amplifier which is used in conversion of the current into voltage.

ix)                Electrical power gain: - Power gain can be stated as the proportion of the power delivered to power absorbed, here generally power is delivered by a transducer.

x)                  Voltage gain: - When the gain in any device is calculated using the voltage measurement is called as the voltage gain. The maximum attainable small-signal gain of voltage, by the transistor is given by the ratio of transconductance to output conductance.

xi)                Current gain: - The current gain is defined as the gain when in any electric circuit for measuring the gain we use the currents measurements instead of normal power gain. For e.g. in the common base emitter we generally calculate the current gain.

xii)              Frequency: - frequency for any component or signal is defined as number of full cyclic rotation per second in an alternating current direction. The SI unit of frequency is Hertz as Hz.





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