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According to Wikipedia, Richard Hooker (March 1554 – 3 November 1600) was an English Anglican priest and an influential theologian. He was one of the most important English theologians of the sixteenth century and defined "theology" in English as "the science of things divine"—i.e., "the science of faith."

Thus, if we suppose Hooker's definition is still acceptable nowadays, as it is among theologians, I would like to know:

  1. Is this truly possible?

  2. Is it not in itself a contradiction?

  3. Is not science perhaps the opposite of faith?

  4. Does not faith cease to be faith when it becomes science?

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The only basis for this question is the trend of letting those with anti-God worldviews define all terms including the terms 'science' and 'faith'. These have not been historically and are not properly today as antithetical as many would have you believe. The Christian faith is not blind. It is built on many things we can know. Know, test, and trust. – Caleb Jan 23 '14 at 23:44
You might be interested to learn more about Scholasticism and the impact of Aristotelian thought on Christian theology. – Dan Jan 24 '14 at 1:23
This sounds like an opinion-oriented question. – Double U Jan 24 '14 at 2:49
@Anony., perhaps it seems, but it is not, though; I'm a christian, anyway. – Elberich Schneider Jan 24 '14 at 3:09
@Anony., yes, I know, but I'm looking for an Adoptionist Church, though, and I'm talking with my brothers to convince them Jesus is not the natural Son of God. – Elberich Schneider Jan 24 '14 at 23:16

Yes, the term is applicable to theology. Let's break it down to see why.

The first word is science. At its root, the word simply means knowledge. Many people forget that and the word has been somewhat hijacked to mean exclusively study about the natural world derived from facts and experiments, or more properly, the scientific method. The scientific method is a science in its own, but it is not science in whole.

The second word is faith. First, the word simply means having complete trust in something. You can have faith in just about anything, and hopefully you would have a reason to do so. I can have faith in a person to do the right thing, which might be based on our shared experiences. I can have faith in the scientific method to provide the best current understanding about something, which might be based on the history of its use. And, of course, I can have faith in God, that he is there and cares about us, that he will keep his word, that Christ will return, and that eternal life awaits for those who love Him. This can be based on any number of things including, apologetics, being convinced the Gospels and New Testament are true, and personal revelation. Again, many people forget that the word has been hijacked to mean believe without reason, or what is colloquially called blind faith. The word simply does not mean that and that phrase and the actually definition of faith are contradictory. In short, faith means believing in what you have reason to believe.

So the phrase the science of faith means exactly knowledge of what there is reason to believe. Specifically, in this context, the author means exclusively items concerning Christianity and the Christian God. So alternatively, the author may mean knowledge of the Christian religion with assumptions that it is true at its core. Slightly different than what I have come up with, but acceptable and understandable considering the time and place that he said that.

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I don't know about answering an opinion-oriented question. Maybe add some references to support your assertions. Plausible, but not supported. – Double U Jan 24 '14 at 3:02
@Anonymous Just google the words science definition and faith definition. I answered because it was easy, though I agree that I'm not sure this is on-topic, but I noticed Caleb edited it and his comment implies that it might be on-topic, so I was just going to see what others say. – fredsbend Jan 24 '14 at 4:09
@Anonymous - I'm pretty quick to close opinion questions myself, but I don't think this is an opinion question. It is a matter of proper definition of terms. It's asking of the terminology is used correctly in the statement. And I think fredsbend nailed it. Science means "knowledge" and theology is a systematic approach to gaining knowledge about the things of God. – David Jan 24 '14 at 4:32
I like Emperor Palpatine's use of the word faith as an illustration that it is not "blind" (antithetical to reason): (to Luke) "Your faith in your friends is [your weakness]." – mojo Jan 24 '14 at 4:42
The author said nothing about faith. He said 'things divine'. The two cannot be assumed to be the same. The question twisted what Hooker said and you in your answer gave credibility to this manipulative twisting instead of exposing it. Poor show. – gideon marx Jan 24 '14 at 9:35

"3) Is not science perhaps the opposite of faith?"

I've seen again and again that people define faith as meaning to believe something apart from facts (or some variant). Yet when I read the use of faith in the Bible, I don't see that at all. For instance, Jesus inspired faith in Himself as the Messiah. How? By blind chance? No; the people expected the Messiah to come and do miracles, so He performed miracles -- "When the Christ comes, will He do more signs than these which this Man has done?" (John 7:31b). They believed because of the proof offered.

God has given us a great many prophecies concerning the coming of the Christ so we would have reason to believe that God sent Him, and Matthew records many of these prophecies to convince the Jews that Jesus was the Christ. He gave them reason to believe.

Faith in the Bible simply means to have a conviction that something is so, no more and no less. How we obtain that conviction is not found in the word. As we see in the Bible over and over, biblical conviction of the things of God include reasons to believe; God does not overlook the mind He made in us.

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To your question of whether theology—what St. Thomas Aquinas calls sacra doctrina ("sacred doctrine")—is possible, see

  • Summa Theologica I q. 1 a. 2 "Whether sacred doctrine is a science?"

To your questions "Is not science perhaps the opposite of faith?" and "Does not faith cease to be faith when it becomes science?," see

  • Summa Theologica II-II q. 1 a. 5 "Whether those things that are of faith can be an object of science*?"
    *["Science" (scientia) "is certain knowledge of a demonstrated conclusion through its demonstration."]
    All science is derived from self-evident and therefore "seen" principles; wherefore all objects of science must needs be, in a fashion, seen.

    Now as stated above (Article [4]), it is impossible that one and the same thing should be believed and seen by the same person. Hence it is equally impossible for one and the same thing to be an object of science and of belief for the same person. It may happen, however, that a thing which is an object of vision or science for one, is believed by another: since we hope to see some day what we now believe about the Trinity, according to 1 Cor. 13:12: "We see now through a glass in a dark manner; but then face to face": which vision the angels possess already; so that what we believe, they see. In like manner it may happen that what is an object of vision or scientific knowledge for one man, even in the state of a wayfarer, is, for another man, an object of faith, because he does not know it by demonstration.

    Nevertheless that which is proposed to be believed equally by all, is equally unknown by all as an object of science: such are the things which are of faith simply. Consequently faith and science are not about the same things.
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