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Saxony (German: Sachsen) is a federal state (Land) of Germany, situated in the east of the country, bordering the Czech Republic to its south and Poland to its east. It has an area of 7,110 square miles (18,416 km2) and a population of 4.2 million. The capital city is Leipzig; other major centres include Dresden, Chemnitz and Jena. Saxony was part of the former communist German Democratic Republic, and was incorporated into the Federal Republic in 1990. Although it still suffers the after-effects of forty-five years of communist dictatorship, it is the fastest-growing region in Germany.