Thursday, November 24, 2011

Middle East The Focal Point Of International Politics

Middle East Politics

Introduction: The region has become the focal point of international politics during the second half of the twenty-first century is the Middle East. With the huge discovery of oil in some countries. Geo-strategic location and political configuration of the region led the forefront of the broader realms of international politics. Because in the post-war policy in the Middle East has always seems to be the region more unstable and strategically alarming in their world.

Border countries: The Middle East is made up of 22 countries with 19 f 3 are Arabs and Iran, Israel and Turkey are not Arab. The region covers the area and in countries from Morocco and Algeria is in the west to the south. Total area of ​​the region is 5,000 square miles with about thirty people corer which ninety percent are Muslims.

Factor that makes the region the focus of international politics: the important factor that has made the Middle East more crucial in the realms of the largest international politics and economics can be summarized under the following heads:

1. Geo-strategic position of the region is very important strategically center that can provide a lot of weight for the country that controls it in the broader system of power relations, because

First, is located at the intersection of three Asian countries. Africa and Europe, and bordered by Turkey, Pakistan and the Horn of Africa. Thus, the presence of a hegemonic superpower in the region of half its location in the system boundary of the balance of power.

Secondly, the communication channel in the region are more favorable from the point where you can move easily around the world by any means of communication, road, air, sea etc. fringed by five seas and two oceans, the region easily accessible by sea. The sea as a short crossing turkish satisfied, the Suez Canal, Bub-al-Mandeb and the Strait of Hormuz to international communication are famous for water, trade and commerce.

Thirdly, the former superpower Soviet Union and the European super powers are adjacent to the region. Even the threat of a rival Islamic state also located in the western region. The region thus is considered the most crucial in international politics and relations.

2. Oil-the lifeblood of industrial societies: The former defense secretary Harold Brown we considered constituents of oil from the Persian Gulf as the lifeblood of modern industrial society and we believe that this loss to the economy of the west and the industrial Far East would be a coup aimed proportion tropics.

(Department of State Bulletin, vol 80no, 2038)

In oil present in the UK North Sea is at its peak, the giant field in Alaska, the former Soviet Union, Mexico, Venezuela and Norway are all past peak. The U.S. supply of oil has been falling since 1970. The only oil producer with a resource that may be able to keep the oil flowing in the world market to a near-constant level is the five Middle East OPEC Saudi Arabia, Iran, Iraq and UAE. So, almost super-political and economic power and also the countries always try their best to ensure the flow of cheep oil and some times result in clashes between them.

3. Explosion in the region: The Middle East has undoubtedly been the scene of a greater degree of war between the state than any other region of the world in the period after 1945. The invention of the Arab Israeli wars of Iraq of its two neighbors. -1956 The Suez crisis and turmoil in Afghanistan has seen to that. At the moment all over all the super powers, especially America is playing the role of conspiring to safeguard their interests behind the geo strategic and economic threshold of peace making is discussed. The region therefore has become the most explosive region of the world, both internally and extreme threat to the largest regional security and makes the world worried.

4. A potential market for arms trade: The medium is the destination of most arms exports, creating huge fit for the politically powerful producer of arms exporting countries like USA, Great Britain, Russia, France and others. The countries of the region spent annually about 15 present of their GDP on the purchase of weapons. The main reasons behind the arms in the region are as follows:

a. Arms sales are an important component of the construction of political alliances, especially with the military leadership of the country's beneficiaries;

b. There is a strategic advantage from having to make the system between printability superpower on the ground;

c. Arms sales are a means to support military industries in the face to deceive demand in Western countries;

d. Smooth transformation of oil for weapons and arms to ensure the smooth flow of oil.

So, all the super powers are not interested in maintaining peace in the region, but the situation violates that require more hands to hold the other.

5. Religious and ideological concern: East is the birthplace of three monotheistic religions, Islam, Christianity and Judaism that has played the role of history and politics of the region. Thus, the most sacred places of the three monotheistic religions are in this region that threatens the world go to the west after the collapse of the USSR. This ideological configuration of the region made the hotbed of world politics.

6. The Palestinian question: the conflict of long standing with regard to Palestine between Jews and Arab Muslims Israelite is a major concern in the realm of international politics grating. Since the beginning of each super power especially American support for Israel and the Arab refusal to accept its existence in the region has resulted in some wars and conflicts to date as it appears in the region. Even Israel is regarded as the cancer of world peace.

7. The incidence of terrorism in common with the third world as a complex relationship with violent metropolitan countries and the tension generated within the societies of the Middle East for this contact. have led to recurring waves of popular discontent and mobilization agilest external forces of domination and against those who collaborated with them. Such anti hegemonic, anti-Western impulses some results in time hijacking, kidnapping and bombing of civilian facilities and such Western actions carried out primarily by militants and western variety of ideologies. When the American war against Afghanistan by the name of eradicating terrorism, has created a dimension of tension in the region.

8. Zone likely World War III: The 1970 provided years after event after event that has put the Middle East in the foreground of international politics. The OPEC price rises to 1971-1973, the revelation of Iran, the Arab-Israeli wars, the Iran of 1980-1988 wars in Iraq and the Gulf War of 1990-91. After the collapse of Soviet communism, the invention of Western red menace new enemy, the Muslim world as a Green Peril, has helped to create enmity between the Muslim world and the West, which is manifested in the development with the recent tragedy in New York and the American attack on Afghanistan. So the American war against the Muslim world under the name of eradicating terrorism, the DC voltage and internal strife in Palestine Middle East etc. You did a land likely World War III.

Note: The world is now divided into specific regions based on several criteria, such as strategic geographical importance of diplomatic and economic-South and South-East Asia, Latin America, Africa, the Middle East. Among them the importance of the Middle East is far extended, multidimensional and multifaceted that transcends geographic boundaries. She has gained so much importance and precise placing this in world politics today that non-intelligent, independent and pragmatic foreign policy can be formulated by any country, east or west, large or small, developed or underdeveloped, Muslim no Muslim past and ignoring the the Middle East.

In this new country, the Middle East not only maintain its importance and its meaning can be increased for this ship of Muslim leaders. The regions oil resources allow the region to train its important for the world economy. However, very nervous about the future role of the region largely depends on the unity of the countries of the region and their success in removing and misunderstandings that exist today. Thus, the oil rich Middle Eastern countries should no longer be pawns in the hands of imperialist powers. They should take a lesson from the past harsh and bitter.

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