Science Terms-Ch. 4

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Science Terms-Ch. 4
2011-11-01 12:20:53
6th Grade

Chapter 4 Terms
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  1. Matter
    anything that has mass and takes up space
  2. Atom
    • a small particle that makes up most types of matter
  3. Law of conservation of matter
    matter is not created or destroyed- it only changes form
  4. Electrons
    negatively charged particles, subatomic particles---they surrounds the nucleus of an atom
  5. Nucleus
    • -the positively charged central part of an atom
  6. Protons
    • -the posively charged particles in the nucleus of an atom----also what is counted to identify the atomic number
  7. Neutrons
    • -uncharged particles located in the nucleus of an atom
  8. Element
    -matter made of only one kind of atom

  9. Atomic number
    -the number of protons in the nucleus of each atom of a given element; it's the top number in the periodic table

  10. Isotopes
    • -two or more atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons in their nuclei.
  11. Mass number
    -the number of protons plus the number of neutrons it contains.

    • -the sum of the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom
  12. Atomic mass
    • -the average mass of an atom of an element
  13. Metals
    -and element that is malleable, ductile, a good conductor of electricity and generally has a shiny or metalic luster.
  14. Nonmetals
    -elements that are usually gases or brittle solids and poor conductors of electricity and heat; are the basis of chemicals of life
  15. Metalloids
    -elements that have characteristics of both metals and nonmetals and is a solid at room temperature
  16. Substance
    -matter that has the same composition and properties throughout

    Examples: a bar of gold (all gold), a sheet of aluminum (all aluminum)
  17. Compound
    -a substance produced when elements combine and whose properties are different from each of the elements in it

    • Examples: Water (H2O), Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), carbon dioxide (CO2)
  18. Mixture
    -a combination of compounds and elements that has not formed a new substance and whose properties can be changed without changing the mixture's identity

    Examples: water and sand in bucket, air, our blood
  19. Heterogeneous mixture
    • -a mixture that has larger parts that are different from each other.
    • Examples: oil and water, water and sand.

  20. Homogeneous mixture
    -a mixture that is the same throughout

    • Examples: air, water

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