Luyện nghe VOA- Bài số 24

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This is the VOA Special English Health Report.
Today we answer a question. Vu Quang Hien from Vietnam (1) to know more about hepatitis B. Hepatitis is the name for a group of viral infections that attack the (2). These are called A, B, C and so on.
An estimated (3) people are infected with hepatitis B. The rates are (4) in China and other parts of Asia. The World Health Organization says most of these infections happen during (5).
Hepatitis B is spread through contact with infected (6) or other body fluids. Mothers can infect (7) at birth. Unsafe injections and (8) contact can also spread the (9). Experts say it can survive (10) the body for at (11) a week.
There are two forms of hepatitis B -- acute and chronic. Acute (12) last for several (13), although recovery can take (14). Chronic cases can lead to (15) from cirrhosis or scarring of the liver and liver (16).
Yet people with long-term liver infections can live for (17) and not even know they are infected. The ones most likely to develop chronic hepatitis B are young (18).
In the United States, experts at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention urge medical providers to test Asian-American (19).
DR. JOHN WARD: "The (20) line -- since most people of Asian heritage came to the US from endemic (21) or were born to parents from these countries, they should be screened for chronic hepatitis B."
For acute hepatitis B, patients may receive care to replace (22) fluids, but there are no treatments. Doctors can treat chronic cases with interferon and antiviral (23). But these medicines (24) too much for most of the world's (25).
A vaccine to (26) hepatitis B has been available for (27) years. The researcher who discovered this vaccine -- and hepatitis B itself -- was an American (28) Baruch Blumberg. Dr. Blumberg also showed that the virus could (29) liver cancer.
He and another (30) at the Fox Chase Cancer Center in Philadelphia, Irving Millman, invented the vaccine in (31) But Dr. Blumberg (32) it took some time to find a drug company (33) to produce it.
He first became (34) in studying infectious disease when he volunteered in Surinam during his (35) training.
His discoveries with hepatitis B saved many lives and earned him a Nobel Prize in medicine. But he also had other (36) -- including the search for life in outer space.
In the late (37), he helped launch the Astrobiology Institute at NASA. He was at a (38) agency conference in California in April when he (39), apparently of a heart attack. Baruch Blumberg was (40) years old.

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