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30 terms

Sociology Exam 2

Chapters 3 & 4
True or False Without language there can be no culture, no shared way of life.
T or F: In Piaget's model for children's development of reasoning skills, the term "reasoning skills" is synonymous with the term "operational" as it is used in the theory.
T or F: As a child's experiences with agents of socialization broadens, the influence of the family increases.
intimate early social interaction
The orphans raised by the mentally impaired scored an average of 28 points higher than those raised by trained professionals.
What discovery did Skeels and Dye make when they administered intelligence tests to a sample of orphans cared for by trained professionals in a "good" orphanage and to a second sample of orphans raised by residents of an institution for mentally retarded women?
Harry and Margaret Harlow
The research in the early 1960s using rhesus monkeys to demonstrate the importance of intimate physical contact in the rearing of animals was conducted by ________.
The ability to take the role of another
Of the following traits and abilities, which one would George Herbert Mead consider MOST essential for an individual to be a full-fledged member of society?
Mead describes the active, creative, and spontaneous part of the self as the ________.
suspend Frank's driving privileges for a month and discuss with Frank the dangers of drinking and driving
Frank is the son of a middle-class family. He took the family car without permission last night, returning home at 3 AM with the smell of alcohol on his breath. It is most likely, based on the research of Kohn, that the next day Frank's parents will ________.
total institution
John joined the military this year. When he arrived at boot camp he was immediately greeted with a degradation ceremony and came under total control of the officials. The military is an example of a(n) ________.
T or F: When Professor Jones is before his class lecturing, he has assumed the front stage, based on the terminology used in dramaturgy.
T or F:Roles are like fences - they allow a certain amount of freedom but that freedom does not go very far.
symbolic interactionism
Which sociological perspective is most closely linked to microsociology?
Social structure
The typical patterns of a group, such as its usual relationships between men and women or students and teachers, are referred to as ________.
We occupy a status, we play a role
The difference between status and role is that ________.
Their location in the social structure has created the difference between Milo's and Jim's reactions.
Milo, a highly successful attorney, just received a $200 ticket for speeding. Jim, an unemployed father of six, received a $50 fine for parking in a restricted area. Milo considers his $200 ticket an inconvenience, but Jim sees his $50 fine as a financial disaster. Why do Milo and Jim feel so differently about their fines, even though Milo's is four times greater than Jim's?
They are a group
Leo, Ryan, and Matthew regularly interact with one another and share similar values, norms, and expectations. In view of this, which concept MOST applies to their relationship?
An approach to social interaction in which social life is analyzed in terms of the stage is called ________.
Erving Goffman
The presentation of self in everyday life, also called dramaturgy, was developed by ________.
how we want others to perceive us
In the context of dramaturgy, impression management deals with ____________.
T or F: The sociological significance of social structure is that it guides our behavior.
T or F: All master statuses are achieved statuses
personal space
Hilda is studying at the library. She has placed her coat on the chair next to her and has spread books in front of the other chairs. Hilda is trying to extend her ________ so others do not invade it.
background assumptions
Status provides the guidelines for how we are to act and feel.
Which statement regarding status is MOST accurate?
These are examples of her ascribed status
Jane is a 49-year-old woman of Irish-German descent. What do these characteristics have in common?
Believing that all football players are academically challenged, that all African Americans are great athletes, and that all women can cook well are examples of ________.
organic solidarity
According to Durkheim, when a society increases in size, its division of labor becomes more specialized. People begin to depend upon one another and become interdependent. This form of social cohesion was a concept that he termed ________.
Stereotypes are the assumptions we make that can become self-fulfilling prophecies.
Which of the following statements BEST describes how stereotypes affect our interaction with others when we first meet?
Erving Goffman