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The process by which a graphic pattern is created to reflect the electrical impulses generated by the heart as it pumps.

pulmonary function test



A test that evaluates a patient's lung volume and capacity; used to detect and diagnose pulmonary problems or to monitor certain respiratory disorders and evaluate the effectiveness of treatment.

cardiac cycle

The sequence of contraction and relaxation that makes up a complete heartbeat.



The condition of having two separate poles, one of which is positive and the other, negative.


The loss of polarity, or opposite charges inside and outside; the electrical impulse that initiates a chain reaction resulting in contraction.


A sensor that detect electrical activity.




The tracing made by an electrocardiograph.


An instrument that measures and displays the waves of electrical impulses responsible for the cardiac cycle.


A peak or valley on an electrocardiogram.



A pen-like instrument that records electrical impulses on ECG paper.


A view of a specific area of the heart on an electrocardiogram.

calibration syringe

A standardized measuring instrument used to check and adjust the volume indicator on a spirometer.

sleep apnea

A condition characterized by pauses in breathing during sleep.

holter monitor

An electrocardiography device that includes a small portable cassette recorder worn around a patient's waist or on a shoulder strap to record the heart's electrical activity.


A test used to measure breathing capacity.


An instrument that measures the air taken in and expelled from the lungs.

forced vital capacity



The greatest volume of air that a person is able to expel when performing rapid, forced expiration.

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