• What to know if you're worried about diabetes

  • Q. I'm afraid I might have type 2 diabetes. What are some of the symptoms I should be looking for?
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    A. Type 2 diabetes is the most common form of diabetes, and millions of Americans have it. It's common for many people to have type 2 diabetes and not know it.
    People with type 2 diabetes still produce insulin; however, their body is not able to use it properly. They may be put on insulin injections to help control their blood sugar level.
    The first thing you should do if you think you may have diabetes is visit your doctor. The longer you wait, the higher your risk goes up for serious complications. Your doctor will give you a blood test measuring your blood glucose levels and determine if you are at risk for or already have diabetes.
    With that in mind, pay attention to the following:
    Increased thirst: If you find yourself unusually thirsty, this is one of the bigger signs you may have diabetes. This is caused by a buildup of excess sugar in the bloodstream, which causes fluid to be pulled from the tissues, leaving you thirsty. An increase in urination is also a big sign.
    Blurred vision: Floaters, blurriness or inability to focus is directly correlated to your blood sugar level. If your diabetes remains untreated, this can lead to vision damage and possible blindness.
    Areas of darkened skin: Some people who have type 2 diabetes develop dark patches of skin around their armpits and neck. This could be a sign of insulin resistance.
    Increased hunger: Sharp peaks of high and low levels of blood sugar can create excessive hunger in the body.
    Weight loss: Even if you may be eating more than usual, you may lose weight if you have type 2 diabetes. When your body isn't metabolizing glucose properly, it will use alternative fuels stored in muscle and fat.
    Tiredness: When your body's sugar level drops, you will feel very tired.
    It is possible to have type 2 diabetes and not experience any of these symptoms, which is why you should have blood work done every time you get a physical.
    The causes of type 2 diabetes can sometimes be out of your control, such as heredity, but some you can change through lifestyle. Losing weight, eating less sugar and exercising can drastically decrease your chances of developing type 2 diabetes. Always check in with your doctor about any concerns you may feel.
    Living with type 2 diabetes doesn't have to be torture. There are millions of Americans living full, productive lives while keeping their diabetes under control. The most important thing is to find out if you have it and take the necessary steps to manage it.
    Dr. Ronald Pyram is certified by the American Board of Internal Medicine in internal medicine and endocrinology. Pyram practices at Pocono Medical Center's Endocrinology Department and PMC Physician Associates, Endocrinology, East Stroudsburg.
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