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10 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
What are the 3 Functions of the Plasma Membrane?
1) Control internal environment
2) Integral proteins anchor cytoskeleton and cell attachment
3) Receptors that receive signals and regular cell behavior
What are the major components of the plasma membrane?
1) Phospholipid bilayer
2) Integral and peripheral membrane proteins
3) Carbohydrates (oligosaccharides)
What do carbohydrates on membrane do?
1) Help define cell identity
2) Bind to extracellular elements
3) Protect external surface of cell
What phospholipids make up the membrane?
1) Glycerophospholipids
2) Sphingomyelin
Why aren't extra-chain disulfide bonds found on cytoplasmic domains of integral proteins?
Only free sulfhydryl groups are found because cytoplasm is a reducing environment, though interchain disulfide bonds are important for domain structure.
Name 3 examples of peripheral membrane proteins
1) Cytoskeletal
2) Signal transduction
3) Extra-cellular matrix proteins
Name 5 metabolic activities in the cytoplasm.
1) Glycolysis 2) Fatty acid synthesis 3) protein synthesis 4) proteolysis 5) maintenance of a reducing environment
What is the difference b/n Rough and Smooth ER?
Rough - contains pore elements for attachment of ribosomes that are synthesizing proteins and importing proteins as made; enzymes fo rfurther protein processing
Smooth - Lacks pore/docking sites but:
1) Synthesis of phospholipids, glycolipids, cholesterol and other steroids
2) Mobilization of glucose from glycogen
3) Detoxification of drugs
4) uptake of Ca++
What do peroxisomes do?
Beta oxidation of fatty acids (though in hepatocytes they share this function with mitochondria)
What is heteroplasmy?
The co-existence of normal and mutant mtDNA in a cell