ecliptic,in astronomy, the great circle that is the apparent path of the Sun among the constellations in the course of a year; from another viewpoint, the projection on the celestial sphere of the orbit of the Earth around the Sun. The constellations of the zodiac are arranged along the ecliptic. The ecliptic is inclined about at 23 12° .44° to the plane of the celestial equator; the two points of intersection of the ecliptic and the plane mark the vernal and autumnal equinoxes.

In the ecliptic system of astronomical coordinates, celestial longitude is measured in degrees east from the vernal equinox along the ecliptic. Celestial latitude is measured in degrees north (positive) or south (negative) from the ecliptic to the ecliptic poles. Each ecliptic pole is 23 12° .44° from the corresponding celestial pole.