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Allantoin – A substance that increases water content in the skin, speeds up cellular turnover and growth, and protects skin from drying out and aging.

Antibacterial - Destroys or inhibits growth of bacteria.

Antifungal - Treats fungal infections such as athlete's foot.

Anti-inflammatory - Reduces inflammation, the body's response to invading foreign substances (bacteria) or injuries.

Antioxidants - Substances that fight and prevent free-radical damage, a process in which a molecule missing an electron attacks healthy skin cells. It is believed that free-radicals are the cause of all aging and age-related diseases.

Antiseptic - Combats infections caused by the growth of bacteria.

Astringent - Draws together and constricts soft tissue. Reduces pore size.

Butylated Hydroxytoluene (BHT) – A powerful antioxidant that protects skin from UV rays, reduces wrinkles, heals wounds and soothes skin.

Catechins – Antioxidants that reduce sun damage and slow down aging.

Cinnamic Acid –An antioxidant that offers UV protection and reduces inflammation and redness in skin.

Emollient - A substance that softens and soothes skin and corrects dryness and cracking.

Emulsifier - A substance that binds oil and water together to create a lotion, moisturizer, cream cleanser, ointment etc.

Emulsion - Any product that has water and oil combined by an emulsifier (see above) e.g. lotion, moisturizers, creams, ointments, cream cleansers, and some body butters.

Fatty Acids - Substances that form oils and fats in plant and animals.

Hydrosol (also known as floral water) - A water that is produced in the process of essential oil extraction. It contains similar therapeutic properties to its essential oil counterpart but is much more gentle and can be used undiluted on the skin.

Lauric Acid - An saturated fatty acid with antibacterial properties.

Linoleic Acid - Also known as omega-6, a fatty acid that is anti-inflammatory and used to treat dry skin, acne, eczema, and psoriasis.

Oleic Acid – Also known as omega-9, a fatty acid that acts as a penetration enhancer to deliver vitamins and antioxidants into layers of skin.

Polyphenols - Substances that occur in plants that have antioxidant characteristics. Includes tannins and catechins.

Phytosterols – Naturally occurring plant substances similar to cholesterol that soften skin, provide superior moisture and reduce scars. There has also been evidence to suggest benefits against cancer.

Squalene - An emollient with strong antioxidant properties known to fight signs of aging and regenerate skin.

Theobromine - A substance found in cocoa, kola nut, tea and guarana berry that helps with water retention and can protect skin from wrinkle-forming sun damage.

Tretinoin - A substance related to vitamin A that treats acne, sun damage, wrinkles, scarring and stretch marks.

Vitamin A – A vitamin antioxidant that aids in the functioning and repair of skin cells and improves elasticity and thickness.

Vitamin E - A vitamin antioxidant that protects against free-radical damage and heals structural damage to skin including stretch marks and burns.

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