English 8 - Unit 8 - Country life and City life


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Unit 8: Country life and City life Busy Crowded Sport – cultural activities Field Villages Harvest

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Relatives: họ hàng Permanently: lâu dài Medical facilities: cơ sở vật chất cho y tế Accessible: (có thể) tiếp cận được Change for the better: thay đổi theo chiều hướng tốt hơn That too: đúng thế

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2. Answer the questions.

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Small houses Bicycles Narrow roads High buildings Motorbikes, cars, taxis Long and wide roads Use the present progressive tense to express future arrangements. Describe changes with “get” or “become”.

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READ. Well-paying jobs: những công việc có thu nhập cao Typhoon: bão Flood: lũ lụt Drought: hạn hán Overcrowding: quá đông đúc Strain on schools and hospitals: áp lực lên trường học và bệnh viện Increased pollution: ô nhiễm môi trường tăng Live part: sống xa nhau

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Great pressure: áp lực lớn Terrible event: sự kiện kinh khủng Rural areas >< urban areas: khu vực nông thôn >< thành thị Leave behind: bỏ lại Struggle: cuộc chiến đấu Water and eletricity supplies: cấp điện và nước Migrants: dân nhập cư

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Sincerery, Hoa

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Để diễn tả sự thay đổi dưới dạng so sánh (hơn), chúng ta dùng: Get/become + (comparative) Adj = trở nên, trở thành

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The Present Progressive / Continuous Tense I. Form: Subject affirmative negative interrogative Short forms I I am playing. I am not playing. Am I playing? I’m not he, she, it He is playing. He is not playing. Is he playing? He’s not / He isn’t you, we, they You are playing. You are not playing. Are you playing? You’re not / You aren’t II. Using: (In English, "now" can mean: this second, today, this month, this year, this century, and so on). 1/ Actions taking place at the moment of speaking (now). Ex: He is playing football now. Look! The teacher is arriving.- - at the moment - at present - now / just now / right now - Listen! / Look! (Typical signal words) 2/ Actions taking place around now (but not at the moment of speaking). Ex: I’m studying for my exams today. Actions taking place only for a limited period of time. Ex: Jim is helping in his brother’s firm this week. - today - this week/month … 3/ Arrangements for the near future. Ex: I am going to the theater tonight. (usually with moving verbs: go, come,leave,depart …) - in the morning / afternoon / evening - at noon / tonight - tomorrow - next … 4/ Development, changing situations. Ex: The population of China is rising very fast. (to get + adj = become, show a change of state) - more and more - to become  The weather is becoming cold(er). - to get  It’s getting hot(ter). 5/ A repeated action that is causing annoyance or irritation. Ex: She is constantly complaining that her bike is old. (cứ … mãi) - always - continually - constantly He is always coming to class late. III. Exceptions in spelling: * A single, silent e at the end of the word is dropped before ing. Ex: come  coming but agree  agreeing . * The final consonant after a short, stressed vowel is doubled before ing. Ex: sit  sitting - except (h,w,x,y): fix  fixing - * The letter l as final consonant after a vowel is always doubled before ing. Ex: travel  travelling. @ Mind: This applies only for British English; in American English there is usually only one l .  traveling * An ie at the end of a word becomes y before ing. Ex: lie  lying die  dying * The following verbs must add k before -ing: traffic  trafficking picnic  picnicking mimic  mimicking Be (am / is / are) + V.ing (present participle) TTGS HOA THỌ 145 Đỗ Bí, Phú Thạnh, Tân Phú Web: hoatho.notlong.com I’m playing chess. Jenny is ironing a shirt.

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FORMING THE COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE Number of syllables Comparative Superlative (two items) (more than two items) One syllable + -er + -est tall taller tallest     Except: 1. One syllable with the spelling  consonant + single vowel + consonant double the final consonant: fat fatter fattest 2. Ending in e: large larger largest 3. Ending in: w, x, z low lower lowest Two syllables + more   + most famous more famous most famous Except: 1. Ending in: -y, -le , -er, -ow, -ure  short adjective happy (vui vẽ) happier happiest yellow (vàng) yellower yellowest simple (đơn giản) simpler simplest tender (mềm) tenderer tenderest obscure (mờ tối) obscurer obscurest 2. Adjectives ending in '-y'  replace the -y  with -ier  or -iest   busy busier busiest But gray grayer grayest (wovel + Y) Three syllables or more more + adj most + adj important more important most important expensive more expensive most expensive   COMPARATIVE + THAN (Conj) To compare the difference between two people, things or events. Examples: Mt. Everest is higher than Mt. Blanc. Thailand is sunnier than Norway. A car is more expensive than a bicycle. He speaks Spanish more fluenly than I.‘not me’ THE + SUPERLATIVE 'the' is placed before the superlative: For example: He is the richest man in the world. That is the biggest crocodile I have ever seen. She is the most beautiful of her three sisters.  IRREGULAR COMPARATIVES AND SUPERLATIVES These adjectives have completely irregular comparative and superlative forms: Adjective Comparative Superlative Good/Well better best Bad worse worst Little less least Much/Many more most Far further / farther furthest / farthest Examples: a. A cat is fast, a tiger is faster but a cheetah is the fastest b. A car is heavy, a truck is heavier, but a train is the heaviest c. A park bench is comfortable, a restaurant chair is more comfortable, but a sofa is the most comfortable

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