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Chapter 3 and 4


1.Culture The way of life that distinguishes a people, for example, government, language, religion, customs, and beliefs.
2.Population Density The average number of people living in a given area.
3.Birthrate The number of live births each year per 1,000 people.
4.Immigrant A person who moves into a country.
5.Emigrant A person who leaves a country to live elsewhere.
6.Urbanization The growth of city populations.
7.Rural Of, or characteristic of, the countryside.
8.Culture Hearth A place inn which important ideas begin and thereafter spread to surrounding cultures.
9.Cultural Convergence The contact and interaction of one culture with another.
10.Diffusion The process by which a cultural element is transmitted from one group or individual to another.
11.Cultural Divergence. The restriction of a culture from outside influences.
12.Sovereignty A country's freedom and power to decide on policies and actions.
13.Unitary System A system of government in which one central government holds moost of the political power.
14.Federation A government structure in which some powers are given to the mational government and local governments.
15.Confederation A system of government in which individual politcial units keep their sovereignty but give limited power to a central government.
16.Authoritarian Descriptive of a system of a government in which the leaders hold all polical power.
17.Dictatorship A system of government in which absolute power is held by a small group or one person.
18.Totalitarianism A system of government in which a central authority controls all aspects of society.
19.Monarchy A system of authoritatian government headed by a monarch-a king, queen, shah, or sultan- whose position is usually inherited.
20.Democracy A system of government in which the people are invested with the power to choose their leaders and determine government policy.
21.Traditional Economy An economic system in whichfamilies produce goods and services for their own use, with little surplus and exchange of goods; also known as a subsistence economy.
22.Market Economy An economic system in which desisions abot production, prics, and other economic factors are determined by the law of supply and demand.
23.Command Economy An economic system that is controlled by a single central government.
24.Natural Resource A material in the natural enviorment that people value and use to satisfy their needs.
25.Renewable Resource A natural resource that the enviorment couninues to supply or replace as it is used.
26.Nonrenewable Resource A natural resource that cannot be replaced once it is used.
27.Fossil Fuel Any one of several nonrenewable mineral resources formed from the remains of ancient plants and animals and used for fuel.
28.Nuclear Energy A type of energy produced by fission the splitting of uranium atoms in a nuclear reactor, realeasing stored energy.
29.Water Power Energy produced from falling water to move machinery or generate electricity.
30.Geothermal Energy Energy produced from the earth's intense interior heat.
31.Solar Energy Energy produced by the sun.
32.Primary Economic Activity An economic activity that takes or uses natural resources directly, such as fishing or mining.
33.Subsistence Farming Farming that provides only enough for the needs of a family or a village
34.Commercial Farming The raising of crops and livestock for sale in markets.
35.Secondary Economic Activity An economic activity in which people use raw materials to produce or manufacture new products of greater value.
36.Cottage Industry A small-scale manufacturing operation using little technology, often located in or near peoples homes.
37.Commercial Industry A small-scale manufacturing operation that employs many people and produces large quantities of goods.
38.Teritary Economic Activity An economic activity in which people do not directly gather or process raw materials but pursue activites that serve others; service industries.
39.Quaternary Economic Activity An economic activity that focuses on the acquisition, processing, and sharing of information, such as education or research.
40.Export An item that is sent out of the country sale.
41.Import An item that is brought into the country for sale.
Created by: jasmin5