Ernest Hemingway Tragic Genius

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    Тип работы: Реферат
    Тема: Ernest Hemingway Tragic Genius

    Министерство образования РФ


    Реферат на тему:

    Ernest Hemingway:

    Tragic Genius


    студент группы 022.3

    Полканов В.


    Томск - 2003

    The reason that Hemingway meant so much to us," Archibald MacLeish, the American poet, once observed, "was that his work reflected truthfully and without rhetoric the faults and

    virtues and the essential humanity of the people among whom he lived and that the power and vividness of his writing was such that his work could and did break through barriers of

    language and fogs of misrepresentation to touch men everywhere."

    Reporter, soldier, short-story writer, novelist, playwright, deep-sea fisherman, and big game hunter, Hemingway was a man whose unique mastery of

    the art of writing influenced the style of an entire generation of writers. That influence spread far beyond the borders of the United States and far beyond the English language. It

    is an influence that persists today.

    Ernest Miller Hemingway, one of six children, was born into the family of a small town doctor at Oak Park, Illinois, on July 21, 1899. He was

    active in sports; and under the guidance of his father, he came to love the outdoors, becoming an excellent hunter and fisherman. His parents wanted him to become a doctor or a

    musician, but after graduation from high school, he began his writing career as a sports reporter for the Kansas City Star.

    When the United States entered World War I, Hemingway left his job and tried to enlist in the army. After repeated rejections because of

    his youth, he was finally accepted as an ambulance

    driver with the Red Cross in Italy. Shortly before his 19th birthday, he was badly wounded by enemy fire and spent several weeks in a hospital in Milan. This experience would

    provide material for his future novel A Farewell to Arms. After leaving the hospital, he enlisted in the Italian Arditi, an

    infantry unit, and served until the Armistice on November 11, 1918.

    Hemingway returned to Chicago in 1919 and then went to Toronto, Canada, where he worked for the Toronto Star. Two years later, he was appointed

    to the Sfar's international news bureau and was assigned to Paris. From 1921 to 1927, he lived in Europe where he worked hard at realizing his ambition to become a writer. Joining the

    literary circle of expatriate American writers brought together by poet, author Gertrude Stein, Hemingway profited from his association with writers like her, Ezra Pound, and F. Scott

    Fitzgerald. He wrote his first three works: Three Short Stories and Ten Poems (1923); In Our Time (1925), a collection of short stories; and The Torrents of Spring (1926), a novel,

    which went unnoticed by the public.

    With the publication of The Sun Also Rises in 1926, Hemingway's first major success, his reputation as a novelist was established. This novel is

    considered by many critics to be his finest work. The hero of the story, Jake Barnes, his sexual powers destroyed by a war wound, faced, under unusually poignant circumstances, the

    problem which was to be the theme of much of Hemingway's

    later work: how man proves his manhood. Written in an original style, the novel quickly influenced other writers. Keeping emotion restrained, Hemingway emphasized his ideas

    through understatement. The American novelist, James T. Farrell, credited Hemingway with contributing "toward making the American •idiom the language for the evocation for sensitive

    and complicated feelings."

    In 1927 Hemingway published a collection of short stones called Men Without Women. The following year he returned to the United States, where he

    lived off and on for the next ten years at Key West, Florida. There he worked on A Farewell to Arms (1929). The following passage from the novel has often been pointed out as a

    statement of Hemingway's world view as well as the key to the novel's meaning:

    "If people bring so much courage to this world the world has to kill to break them, so of course it kills them. The world breaks every...

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