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Piggery harmful gas prevention measures

作者：wuyanjie 人气：4461 发表时间：2016-06-25 10:06
The gas has a bad effect on pig pig health and production performance or on human health are collectively referred to as harmful gas. Pig harmful gases usually consists of NH 3 and H S 2, Co, CH 4 and CO 2, skatole, etc., mainly is caused by porcine respiratory and urine, feed and bedding, etc corruption decomposition, poor ventilation, wet, feces treatment unreasonable closed pigpen content higher, pig and the staff of the health hazards, reduce the production performance of pigs, serious cause chronic poisoning and acute poisoning. Therefore, reasonable design and production should be properly handled in piggery, waste, environmental health.
(a) ammonia (NH 3)
Ammonia colorless, volatile, with a pungent odor, the proportion of 0.593, lighter than the air, soluble in water. Pig ammonia consists mostly of nitrogenous organic compounds (such as feces, urine, feed etc.) decomposition. Because ammonia is soluble in water, so it is often adsorbed on the wet ground, walls and porcine mucosa; due to ammonia is lighter than air, in the warm pig house generally rose to the top of the shed, but due to ammonia was produced on the ground. Therefore, also high in content of the lower part of the pig, especially in the humid air of pig shed.
Ammonia soluble in porcine respiratory tract mucous membrane and conjunctiva, mucosal hyperemia, edema, cause conjunctivitis, bronchitis, pneumonia, pulmonary edema; ammonia can also through the alveoli into the bloodstream, which can cause respiratory and vascular excitability; high ammonia concentration can directly stimulate the body tissue, the tissue lysis and necrosis; it also can cause paralysis of the central nervous system toxicity, liver disease and myocardial injury.
Pigs in the long-term effects of low concentration of ammonia, decreases production performance, physical weakening, of certain diseases and infectious diseases need to be sensitive; high concentration of ammonia serious injury the defensive function of the respiratory mucosa, the incidence of respiratory disease rate increased significantly. According to the determination, in temperature 21.l DEG C, relative humidity for 77% of the air environment, 50mg of ammonia can make pigs of oral, nasal, lacrimal gland secretion increased significantly, the more severe in 100 ~ 150 mg / L ammonia, but 3 ~ 4 days later secretion reduced, only slightly higher than that of the control group. After 1 to 2 weeks, the symptoms become less obvious and visible pigs have a certain ability to adapt. Pig cough frequency, 50mg / L is slightly higher than that of the l0mg/L, and l00mg/L l50mg/L cough frequency, is more than 3 times that of the two groups, and in the group of pigs turbinate bone found Corynebacterium Pasteurella multocida. During the 5 week trial period, the average daily gain and feed utilization rate of the 100mg/L and l50mg/L groups were significantly lower than those in the l0mg/L and 50mg/L groups.
People for the l0mg/L of the ammonia generally difficult to perceive, in 20mg / l have been feeling, 50mg / l can be caused watery eyes and a blocked, 100mg / l will make eyes, nose and mouth saliva increased significantly.
The concentration of ammonia in the piggery generally should not exceed 20 ~ 30mg/L.
(two) hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S)
Hydrogen sulfide is a colorless, volatile odor gas. Soluble in water, the proportion of 1.19, compared with air weight. In pig, H2S mostly by sulfur organic compounds decompose to produce, when the pig feed food rich in protein feed and indigestion, large quantities of hydrogen sulfide to be discharged from the gut.
Hydrogen sulfide is easy to dissolve in water, so it is often adsorbed on the wet ground, walls and pigs on the mucous membrane; because hydrogen sulfide produced in the ground or pig bed, the proportion is larger, so the more close to the ground, the greater the concentration.
Hydrogen sulfide easily dissolved in porcine respiratory tract mucous membrane and conjunctiva and and sodium ion binding to sulfide, on gastric mucosa produce strong stimulation, the mucosal hyperemia, edema, cause conjunctivitis, bronchitis, pneumonia, pulmonary edema, expression weeps, corneal opacity, photophobia, cough and other symptoms; hydrogen sulfide can also enter the bloodstream through the alveolar and oxidized to sulfate and affect cell metabolism.
Pigs in low concentration of hydrogen sulfide in air environment for a long time, physical weakening, decreased resistance to disease, gastrointestinal diseases increased, reduce the production performance; 20mg / l become photophobia, loss of appetite, neuroticism, and higher than 50mg / l will be nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, serious unconscious, paralysis of respiratory center and suffocation.
Pig in hydrogen sulfide content is generally not more than l0mg/L.
(three) carbon monoxide (CO)
Carbon monoxide is a colorless, tasteless gas. Difficult to dissolve in water, the proportion of 0.967, slightly lighter than the air. In winter the use of heating stove in closed pig house, often because of incomplete combustion of coal and carbon monoxide.
Carbon monoxide with air after inhaling the body, through the alveolar enter blood circulation, extremely easy and blood transport oxygen binding to hemoglobin, the loss of oxygen transport function, body caused by acute hypoxia, dysfunction of blood vessel and nerve cells, each part of body organs function disorders, respiratory, circulatory and nervous system lesions. The content of carbon monoxide in the piggery is generally not more than 5mg/L.
(four) carbon dioxide (CO 2)
Carbon dioxide is a colorless, non - smelling, slightly sour gas. Specific gravity 1.524, heavier than air. Carbon dioxide itself is non-toxic, but it can be indicated that the barn air pollution level, at the same time that barn air may exist in other harmful gases. Piggery in carbon dioxide content is too high, relative shortage of oxygen content, make the pig lead to chronic hypoxia, dispirited, anorexia, weight gain slow, decline in physical fitness, resistance to disease weakened.
The content of carbon dioxide in the air is generally 0.03%, carbon dioxide content in pig is generally not more than 0.15%.
Elimination measure:
Harmful gases have great influence on the health and production performance of pigs.

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