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Thought Disorders

Chapter 38: Thought Disorders

There is an association between the risk of schizophrenia and the use of which of the following?

A. Alcohol

B. Cannabis

C. Ketamine

D. None of the above

B. Use of cannabis, particularly during adolescence and in those with genetic susceptibility or family history of psychosis, is associated with a higher risk of schizophrenia.

The worst functional outcome in schizophrenia is associated with the presence of which of the following?

A. Hallucinations and delusions

B. Disorganized thinking

C. Blunted affect, social withdrawal

D. Cognitive dysfunction

D. Cognitive deficits are present in approximately 75% to 85% of schizophrenia patients and tend to emerge before positive symptoms. The extent of these deficits is most predictive of long-term outcome and social functioning.

Which of the following statements is correct?

A. Antipsychotic medications improve hallucinations and delusions.

B. Antipsychotic medications improve blunted affect.

C. Antipsychotic medications improve cognitive dysfunction.

D. All of the above

A. Antipsychotic medications are most effective against the positive symptoms of schizophrenia, such as hallucinations and delusions, and less effective against the negative symptoms, such as blunted affect or the cognitive symptoms.

Mood Disorders

Chapter 39: Mood Disorders

What is the treatment of choice for a patient with lithium intoxication who manifests with impaired consciousness, neuromuscular irritability, and seizures?

A. Hemodialysis

B. Sodium loading

C. Osmotic diuresis

D. Hyperbaric oxygen

E. Transition to valproate

A. When a patient presents with these toxicity symptoms, the level of lithium is likely >1.8 to 2.0 mEq/L; thus, hemodialysis is needed to save the patient’s life.

Venlafaxine acts primarily by inhibiting which neurotransmitter transporters?

A. Serotonin

B. Dopamine

C. Norepinephrine

D. A and C


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