Dog Vaccines: The Importance of Prevention and Protection

Dog Vaccines

Dog vaccines are one of the most important preventative care measures for dogs. Dog vaccinations can protect your dog from numerous disease threats such as hepatitis, distemper, rabies, heartworm, and others. Many of these diseases can be passed on to humans, so canine vaccines help protect human health as well. Depending on the type of dog vaccine, dog shots can provide protection form disease for anywhere from six months up to a year or more. A dog vaccination is usually administered through a shot or a series of shots. The shots are usually given by injection in the fat under the skin or into the muscles. In some cases, dog vaccines may be administered via several drops into the nose. If a series of shots is required, the shots will be administered according to a dog vaccination schedule. Puppy vaccines are administered at two to four week intervals until the puppy reaches 16 weeks of age. Adult dogs receive dog vaccines at intervals of around three years. There are two groups of canine vaccines: core vaccines and non-core vaccines. In most cases, core vaccines are required and in others they are strongly recommended. Core vaccines typically require follow-up boosters. Some of the most common core dog vaccines include: rabies vaccines, canine distemper vaccines, infectious hepatitis vaccines, canine parvovirus vaccines, and canine parainfluenza virus vaccines. Non-core vaccines are optional vaccines that are administered on an individual basis. Most core vaccines are enough to protect your pet from a wide range of diseases and conditions, but some dogs may require these “supplemental” vaccines. Owners with dogs that travel frequently, board, and dogs that work outdoors should consider non-core dog vaccines. Dog vaccines are designed to prevent disease and protect your pet, but unfortunately there are some risks and side effects associated with these preventative measures. In some cases, dogs may feel tired or feverish for 24-48 hours after being vaccinated and they may experience a loss of appetite. In rare cases, your dog can develop facial swelling or anaphylaxis (a severe allergic reaction.) Vomiting, breathing difficulties, diarrhea, and collapse may also occur. Severe allergic reactions are rarely fatal, especially if they are treated immediately. But again, these side effects are not very common. Immune-mediated disorders in dogs have been linked to dog vaccines, but they are one of many causes for these disorders. Additionally, immune-mediated disorders are uncommon, so they are not typically a cause for concern. If you have a new puppy, visit your vet as soon as possible for an exam and dog vaccine recommendations. If you have an older pet that you feel may need core or non-core vaccinations, visit your vet to determine the best course of action.