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Intro to Biomechanic

WVSOM Class of 2012 Introduction to Biomechanics

what are the 2 functions of joints? to facilitate movement and transmit force
what are the 3 basic kinds of joints? synovial, fibrous, cartilaginous
synovial joints are designed to do what? facilitate lots of movement, reduce friction to prevent injury
fibrous joints are designed to do what? provide support, little movement
cartilaginous joints are designed to do what? provide shock support, facilitate growth
from inner to outer, describe joint features: joint space, synovial fluid, synovial membrane, hyaline cartilage, joint capsule
which kind of synovial joint is gliding/sliding (uniaxial)? plane
what kind of synovial joint is for rotation (uniaxial)? pivot
what kind of synovial joint is for flexion/extension (uniaxial)? hinge
what kind of synovial joint is for Medial and lateral rotation, flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, circumduction (multiaxial)? ball and socket
what kind of synovial joint is for Flexion, extension, abduction, adduction (circumduction) (biaxial) condylar
what kind of joint is for Abduction, adduction, flexion, extension (circumduction) (biaxial) saddle
name 3 types of fibrous joints: gomphosis, suture, and syndesmosis
what are 2 types of cartilaginous joints? primary (synchondrosis) and secondary (symphysis)
primary cartilaginous joints include: hyaline growth cartilage
secondary cartilaginous joints include: fibrocartilage
what is the following definition: Nerves supplying a joint also supply the muscles that move the joint (or skin covering distal attachment) hilton's law
example of synchondrosis? articular head of femur/epiphyseal plate
example of a symphysis? iv disc
example of gomphosis? teeth
example of syndesmosis? interosseous membrane of the tibia and fibula
functional units of the muscle are what? motor units
function of fleshy muscle? stabilizers/postural
function of tendinous muscle? movement/power
function of aponeurotic muscle? postural
ventral muscle mass develops into what kind of muscle fiber? flexors
what are concentric and eccentric movements of the muscles? shortening, lengthening
Line of exertion through the joint center is a what? shunt
line of exertion away from the joing center is a what? spurt
what are the 4 possible forces which act upon bones? torsion, bending, compression, shearing
Created by: mhassan