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Tim Weaver

Ant Study QuestionsWeek 1101 1 Each of the following is true about Gregor Mendel exceptAHe discovered the mechanisms of inheritance with a series of breeding experiments on garden peasBHe inferred that characteristics of organisms are determined jointly by two particles one inherited from each parentCHe discovered that chromosomes are composed of DNADHe wasnt a professional scientist he was a monkEHe inferred that the particles for different traits are independently inherited101 2 Each of the following is true exceptAThere is always a onetoone mapping of the genetic composition or genotype to the observable characteristics or phenotype BGametes eggs and sperm are formed by a process of cell division called meiosisCWith blending inheritance mating rapidly removes phenotypic variationDFor most aspects of an organism multiple genes act in concert to produce the phenotype EOnly traits determined by loci on different chromosomes always segregate independently102 1 Each of the following is true exceptAThe frequencies of genotypes in a population must sum to one BPopulation genetics provides a quantitative underpinning for evolutionary theoryCThe frequencies of alleles in a population must sum to one DPopulation genetics is concerned with processes that influence allele or genotype frequencies in populationsEThe HardyWeinberg relationship describes the consequences of assortative nonrandom mating on allele and genotype frequencies102 2 When a single locus with two alleles is at HardyWeinberg equilibrium after one generation of random mating each of the following is true exceptAThe relationship between allele and genotype frequencies is specified by the equation pq 1BAllele frequencies will not changeCThe frequency of the heterozygous genotype depends on the frequencies of both allelesDThere is a fixed relationship between allele and genotype frequenciesEGenotype frequencies will not change103 1 Each of the following is true exceptAQuantitative genetics deals with traits that vary continuouslythBMany 19 century scientists thought that Mendels laws of inheritance were incompatible with continuous traitsCContinuous phenotypic variation can arise from discrete genes due to the combined effects of many genetic loci and the environmentDMany continuously varying traits have patterns of variation that follow a bellshape or normal distributionERecent research shows that Fishers model of the genetics underlying continuous traits cant explain variation in human height103 2 Each of the following was a founder of modern population and quantitative genetics exceptAGregor MendelBRonald FisherCSewall WrightDJBS Heldane104 1 Each of the following is true exceptAHomoplasy is possession of a similar trait that is not derived from a common ancestorBThe forelimb structure of birds humans and whales are an example of homoplasyCRadiation often occurs when an ancestor species diversifies and evolves into new species to fill new ecological nichesDFossils often share similarities with living speciesEHomology is possession of a similar trait that is derived from a common ancestor104 2 Each of the following is true exceptANatural selection is only one mechanism by which evolution can occurBThe pace of evolution varies it is sometimes slow and gradual and sometimes fast and punctuatedCEverything that is natural is goodDNatural selection can produce convergence in distantly related speciesEIt is correct to view evolution as inherently progressive or undirectional105 1 Each of the following is a neutral evolutionary process except AGenetic driftBNatural selectionCGene flowDMutation105 2 Each of the following is true except AOver time genetic drift will tend to decrease the amount of variation in a groupBThe accumulation of mutations will tend to differentiate two recently diverged groupsCGenetic drift refers to the change in allele frequencies in a population due to chanceDThe effects of genetic drift grow stronger as a population becomes larger in sizeEMutations are usually neutral or harmful105 3 Each of the following is true exceptASewall Wright was one of the first to recognize the potential importance of genetic driftBGene flow results from the migration of individuals between groupsCGene flow will tend to differentiate groupsDThe interaction between mutation and genetic drift will eventually lead to a constant amount of variation within a groupEThe founder effect refers to a specific type of genetic drift that occurs when a new group is founded by only a few ancestors105 4 Each of the following is true exceptAWhen mutation and genetic drift interact the genetic distances between groups will increase with the time since they splitBWhen mutation and genetic drift interact larger groups will end up being less genetically variable than smaller groupsCGenetic distance measure the percentage of the total genetic variation that is betweengroup variationDWhen mutation genetic drift and gene flow interact the genetic distances between groups will increase with the geographic distances between themEMotoo Kimura was one of the first to investigate mathematically how mutation and genetic drift interact Week 2201 1 Each of the following scientists is correctly matched with their contribution to science exceptACarl Linnaeus Created the modern taxonomic system
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