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The pyroelectric bolometer was aligned immediately past the exit slit plane of the monochromator.
In these studies, a blackbody source was used at liquid nitrogen temperatures to test FIRAS performance, but not with its real bolometers in place.
Bolometers, which are currently more sensitive than HEMTs, require cooling to a fraction of a kelvin -- nearly absolute zero -- and give best results when detecting radiation at wavelengths shorter than 3 millimeters.
While we have used a cavity absorber for this example, the idea of electrical substitution is used to calibrate other optical detectors such as bolometers and pyroelectric devices.
Packaging : Required hermeticity for micro bolometer
The development of the micro bolometers and other detector-based technologies has also led to the increasing commercialization of thermal imagers, which in turn has spurred the demand of Thermal Imaging Market.
A prospective device using BGMRs can detect with higher speeds than existing broadband bolometers (used in many space observatories) while providing comparable sensitivity.
Fifty-two bolometers are part of one set of detectors, the High Frequency Instrument.
On the thermal side are thermocouples, thermopiles, bolometers, and pneumatic (Golay) detectors.
Thus, the HFI bolometers, though operating in absolute mode, can receive thermal photons from the spacecraft itself much of which is in a 50 K environment.