Desenvolvimento e produção de cana-de-açúcar em sistema sob palhada


IBICT - Instituto Brasileiro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia




Due to environmental constraints, lack of manpower and the search for better efficiency, the harvesting of sugar cane tends to be mechanized, causing large amount of straw is available in this new system. There are benefits to soil and culture provided by this residue. However, it was discussed what amount would be sufficient to promote these benefits and what volume could be used in other sectors, such as cogeneration and bioethanol. The objective of this study was to evaluate the minimum amount of trash being maintained in the field in order to optimize productivity and rooting of cane sugar. The experiment was installed in August 2010 in Oxisol in Girl Scouts, Pastor The effects of six treatments 0%, 25% (5 t ha-1), 50% (10 t ha-1), 75% (15 t ha-1), 100% (20 t ha-1) and sugarcane straw burning on the IAF, the number, diameter and length of the stems, the green weight, the technological characteristics (Pol, Brix, apparent purity, fiber, AR and ATR) and rooting in SP80 1816. For the shoot, there were four evaluation periods: 60, 180, 270 and 350 days after planting (DAP). Rooting was evaluated in the first three dates, at 0.45 and 0.60 m horizontal distance from the clump at depths from 0 to 0.10, 0.10 to 0.20, 0.20 to 0.40 and 0 , 40 - 0,60 m. It was checked also the rate of decomposition of the straw to each treatment, at the end of the cycle. The results were subjected to analysis of variance and means compared by Tukey test. There was no effect of straw to stalk diameter and technological characteristics, in any study period. However, positive results were observed for LAI and number of stems at 180 and 270 DAP and length and weight of the stems, at 270 and 350 DAP, not showing the negative influence of straw on the development of culture. A greater rate of decomposition as increased the amount of dry matter, being achieved 80% to 100% dose and 53% to 25% dose. There was a significant straw in the roots, to a depth of 0.20 m in both distances at 180 and 270 DAP. The treatment promoted 50% the same benefits that treatments 75 and 100% in all variables, being the perfect amount to keep the field. The removal of straw, or the application of 25% dose were harmful to the crop as it resulted in a lower average compared to other treatments. The straw (dose equal to or above 50%) showed the best rooting in the 0 - 0.20 m which resulted in greater crop yield.


cana-de-açúcar - colheita cana-de-açúcar - produção biomassa solos - manejo sugar-cane harvesting biomass soil management

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