from SUN to the EARTH & the OCEANS


Dr. Leif Svalgaard, Solar Scientist, Stanford University:

In my view some, X, of the climate change is due to CO2, some, Y, is due to the Sun, and some, Z, is due to internal, random fluctuations. The only question is how much of each. Perhaps it is X=10, Y=10, and Z=80 [they may even vary with time].


M..A.Vukcevic independent researcher:

Where Z is due to the Earth's internal (oceans to the core) fluctuations. These natural fluctuations (whatever mechanism/s) are reflected in the changes of the geomagnetic field and therefore easy to measure.


CO2  ~10%,  TSI ~10%,  Earth's internal ~ 80%

Earth has a magnetic 'ripple' originating in the core and the sun has its cycles.
When two are in phase the oceans absorb more energy, when two are out of phase the oceans cool.

- 21.3 years (Hale cycle) period is the primary component

- 16.1 years most likely is  the Earth's core-crust internal resonance (possibly triggered by the Hale cycle) equal to the propagation time in either direction, ref: Hide & Dickey. 16 year period is the strongest component in the Arctic temperature spectrum, while on the opposite side in the Antarctic, its second harmonic (about 8 years) equals the Antarctic's Circumpolar Waves (temperature) period of oscillation.

- Two other major 'components' the ENSO and AMO are products of cross-modulation.


Jean Dickey of NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena:

Vukcevic :


NASA: Temperature pattern is a manifestation of "Arctic Amplification", which is characterized by temperature increases 1.50C greater than (more than double) the increases at lower latitudes (Overland et al., 2011; Stroeve et al., 2012).

( M.A. Vukcevic)

© m.a. vukcevic