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4g wireless technology


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4g wireless technology

  1. 1. Seminar on4G wireless technology By- SANDEEP 2907247
  2. 2. What is 4G? Abbreviation of fourth generation wireless technology It will provide a comprehensive IP solution wherevoice , data and multimedia can be given to user on an“anytime , anywhere” basis. It includes several types of broadband wirelesscommunication system access including cellular telephone system.
  3. 3. History of 4G technology
  4. 4. Why 4G is required? Due to substantial growth in overall number of subscribers. Due to massive demand of new services like data , audio , image or video .
  5. 5. Features of 4G TECHNOLOGY Support for multimedia services like teleconferencing and wireless internet. Wider bandwidths and higher bitrates. Entirely packet-switched network. Global mobility and service portability. Support for previous wireless technologies. High internet speed. Tight network security.
  6. 6. Transmission system
  7. 7. • an e.g. of 4G network
  8. 8. Technology used in 4G OFDM UWB Smart antennas IPv6
  9. 9. OFDM(orthogonal frequency division multiplexing) IT transmits large amounts of digital data over a radio wave. OFDM works by splitting the radio signal into multiple smaller sub- signals that are then transmitted simultaneously at different frequencies to the receiver . By inserting a cyclic prefix between adjacent OFDM signal inter signal interference is virtually eliminated if the max. channel delay spread is less than the time interval of cyclic prefix. In OFDM the subcarrier pulse used for transmission is rectangular. Here modulation can performed by an IDFT ,which can be generated very efficiently as an IFFT . so, receiver only needs a FFT to reverse this process.
  10. 10. UWB(ultra wide band) .An advanced technology that can be used in 4G technology. It is typically detected as noise. It can use any part of the frequency spectrum, which means that it can use frequencies that are currently in use by other radio frequency devices . It uses a frequency of 3.1 to 10.6 Hz. It uses less power , since it transmits pulse instead of continuous signal. Special antennas are needed to tune and aim the signal.
  11. 11. IPv6 . IPv6 means Internet Protocol Version 6 . The Internet Protocol (IP) is the method or protocol which data is sent from one computer to another on the internet. Each computer (known as a host) on the Internet has at least one IP that uniquely identifies it from all other computers on the Internet. It includes128 bits, which is 4 times more than 32bits IP address in IPv4. Understanding of IPv6 in 4G- - 32 bits IP address looks like this - all 4 sets are defined in different functions and usages. - the first set of the IP address ( can be defined to be the“home address” purpose.
  12. 12. IPv6 continue…… The second set of the IP address ( can be declared as the “care-of address” After these addresses from cell and PC established a link, care-of address will work instead of home address; it means that communication channel will switch from the first set to to the second set of the IPv6 address. The third set of the IP address ( can be signed as mobile IP address. It is the communication channel to wire-line network and wireless network. An agent between the cell phones and PC will use this mobile IP address to establish a channel to cell phones. The last set of IP address ( can be local network address for virtual private network (VPN) sharing purpose.
  13. 13. QOS(quality of service) In wireless networks, Quality of Service (QOS) refers to the measure of the performance for a system reflecting its transmission quality and service availability. 4G is expected to have at least a reliability of 99.99%). In 4G QOS may be divided in following ways- Transaction-level QOS describes both the time it takes to complete a transaction and the packet loss rate. Circuit-level QOS includes call blocking for new as well as existing calls . User-level QoS depends on user mobility and application type .
  14. 14. Software defined ratio(SDR) A software defined radio is one that can be configured to any radio or frequency standard through the use of software. The phone should automatically switch from operating on a CDMA frequency to a TDMA frequency whenever it is required. Roaming can be an issue with different standards, but with a software defined radio, users can just download the interface upon entering new territory, or the software could just download automatically.
  15. 15. Application In traffic control. Multimedia – video services Telemedicine. Crisis Management Virtual Navigation
  16. 16. Limitations Interoperability between the signaling techniques that are planned for use in 4G. Cost is another factor that could hamper the progress of 4G technology.The equipment required to implement the next- generation network are still very expensive. A Key challenge facing deployment of 4G technologies is how to make the network architectures compatible with each other. This was one of the unmet goals of 3G. As regards the operating area, rural areas and many buildings in metropolitan areas are not being served well by existing wireless networks.