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Roman republic


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Roman republic

  1. 1. The Rise and Fall of the Roman Empire
  2. 2. Rome built great stuff • Rome built great roads to travel on and aqueducts to bring water into the city. • Rome also built great stadiums and amphitheaters for the entertainment of the people. • Romans also developed the use of the arch.
  3. 3. Rome was a Republic • A republic is a form of government where people elect representatives. • The United States has a representative government. We learned about this form of government from the Romans.
  4. 4. The Senate • The Senate led the Roman Empire. • They made the laws for the republic. QuickTime™ and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture.
  5. 5. Rome’s women got shafted • Rome might have had representative government, but not all people were represented. • Roman women were not allowed to vote.
  6. 6. Roman Citizenship • Romans had a strong sense of citizenship. • Roman citizens were protected by Rome, but had a duty to participate in society and to make it better. • The philosophy that preached good citizenship was called Stoicism. • Stoicism stressed the importance of being a good citizen.
  7. 7. Roman Law and Rights • Roman laws stressed fairness and common sense. • There was equal treatment under the law in Rome and people were considered innocent until proved guilty when accused of a crime. • We took much of our system of government from the Romans.
  8. 8. Roman Art • Mosaics were popular in Rome. A mosaic is a picture made out of small, colored tiles or pieces of glass. • The Romans also made great statues that looked like the real thing, even though they were made from stone.
  9. 9. Rome’s first emperor • Octavian is Rome’s first emperor. • He took the name Augustus Caesar. • Under his rule, Rome expanded and enjoyed a period of peace.
  10. 10. Pax Romana • Rome lived in peace for 200 years. • It was called the Pax Romana, the Peace of Rome. Unfortunately for Rome, the peace would not last.
  11. 11. Rome grew weak • Rome grew weak because it had grown too large. • Another reason Rome grew weak is that they had tax problems and couldn’t raise enough money to keep the roads from crumbling. • Slavery was also a problem in the empire. With so many slaves, the people did not need to work. • Internal problems that helped Rome’s downfall were corrupt generals, civil wars, and economic problems.
  12. 12. Barbarians at the gates • Romans called the people who destroyed Rome Barbarians. • Romans called anyone who didn’t speak Greek, even though the word barbarian actually means uncivilized, lacking in culture and violent. • The Roman Empire fell in 476 AD. • The eastern part of the empire would survive.
  13. 13. Byzantium • The eastern part of the Roman Empire became known as the Byzantine Empire or Byzantium.
  14. 14. Constantinople • Constantinople was named for emperor Constantine. • Constantine was important because he legalized Christianity in the empire. • Under Constantine’s rule, Christianity spread greatly. • He moved the capital of the empire from Rome to Constantinople. QuickTime™ and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture.
  15. 15. Constantinople grows • Constantinople became a leading center of trade. • Trade helped the Byzantine Empire grow rich.
  16. 16. Justinian • Justinian was the greatest of the Byzantine emperors. • Justinian made many changes in the laws. • His laws were called The Code of Justinian. • Justinian also built many churches throughout the empire.
  17. 17. Disagreements between east and west • Most of the people in the Byzantine Empire were Christian, but the people in the west and the people in the east disagreed about how to worship God. • This led to a split in the Catholic Church. It was called a schism. • A schism is a split. The Roman Catholic Church had a schism, splitting in half.
  18. 18. Two churches • The church in the east was called Eastern Orthodox. • The church in the west was called Roman Catholic.
  19. 19. Patriarch • The leader of the church in Constantinople was called the Patriarch. QuickTime™ and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture.
  20. 20. Pope • The leader of the church in Rome was called the Pope.
  21. 21. Constantinople is captured • The split in the church weakened the Byzantine Empire. • In 1453, the Ottoman Turks captured Constantinople and the Byzantine Empire came to an end.
  22. 22. The Byzantine Empire preserves great stuff • The Byzantine Empire preserved the art and literature of the Greeks and Romans. • Without the Byzantine, the world may have lost great treasures of the past.