An analysis of masculinity in relation to crime

National Coalition of Anti-Violence Projects. Second, additional less appropriate outlets such as number of past sexual partners, number of children, or number of past successful violent encounters may tap into a different way that a man could assert masculinity without the need for violence in the current situation.

This re-creation occurs in the family, at work, in school, and in all other social settings. Of these inmates, the majority All events fall into the two categories of this variable: Violent crime accounts for nearly three-quarters of the total cost of crime viz.

Results In order to test the likelihood that a violent or non-violent incident can be predicted by the independent variables, logistic regression was used.

Similarly, in the area of work and income, job satisfaction may be a more important measure than just having a job. Violence, Aggression, and Coercive Actions. Perhaps, a better measure of masculine gender is necessary in order to truly test this hypothesis. Overview[ edit ] Masculine qualities and roles are considered typical of, appropriate for, and expected of boys and men.

The Anglo-Saxons Hengest and Horsa [ citation needed ] and Beowulf are examples of medieval masculine ideals.


Dance, Sex and Gender: Dependent Variable This study examines interpersonal violence at the event level. This suggests that MMPI-2 measures may not be directly measuring the construct of masculinity. The masculinity exemplified by Beowulf "cut[s] men off from women, other men, passion and the household".

Masculinities vary by social class as well. Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Although social conditioning is believed to play a role, psychologists and psychoanalysts such as Sigmund Freud and Carl Jung believed that aspects of "feminine" and "masculine" identity are subconsciously present in all human males.

In the third model, however, the created High Risk Masculinity variable was significant. Those who show high levels of masculinity, based on common male stereotyped traits, would fit with the definition of masculinity used in this study. Legends of ancient heroes include the Epic of Gilgameshthe Iliad and the Odyssey.

This has influenced the field of masculinity, as seen in Pierre Bourdieu's definition of masculinity: Researchers have found that men respond to threats to their manhood by engaging in stereotypically-masculine behaviors and beliefs, such as supporting hierarchy, espousing homophobic beliefs, supporting aggression and choosing physical tasks over intellectual ones.

In the documentary The Butch Factor, gay men one of them transgender were asked about their views of masculinity. Studies suggest working class constructions of masculinity to be more normative than are those from middle class men and boys.

This calendar helped inmates recall details of their lives and sequences of events about residence, cohabitation, substance use, employment, school attendance, significant relationships, gang memberships, and routine daily activities Horney, For instance, the number of past sexual partners could be another way to tap into masculine display.

Levant 's Masculinity Reconstructed, are "avoidance of femininity ; restricted emotions; sex disconnected from intimacy; pursuit of achievement and status; self-reliance; strength and aggressionand homophobia ".

This does not necessarily, however, lead to the conclusion that masculinity has no effect on the likelihood of violent incidents. Other traditional outlets of successful masculinity include success in school as well as both marriage and children.

Parsons purported masculinity was internalized during adolescence, which led to boys engaging in more delinquent behavior than girls Parsons, Similarly, the addition of traditional outlets to assert masculinity did not significantly enhance the understanding of violent incidents.

Masculinity must be performed and presented recurrently in any situation--constant self-presentation occurs throughout every social interaction in which a man is involved. Unfortunately in the Ministry of Justice statistics the category of crime is not specified in terms enabling cross reference to the Home Office figures.

Education is measured by the highest grade of schooling the respondent has completed.

Electronic Journal of Sociology (2003)

They conceptualize gender as a routine accomplishment that is created and maintained through everyday interaction. Hearn, Jeff and David H. The operationalization of what are traditionally considered appropriate masculine outlets, therefore, may be poorly constructed.It then discusses the emergence of new studies on the association between crime and masculinity, informed by social theories of gender, power, and identity.

In particular, it reviews Raewyn Connell’s concept of hegemonic masculinity as an explanatory model of different forms of masculinity. Gender Sensitive Pedagogy - an Analysis of Discourses of Gender-Related Work in the Swedish Preschool.

European Conference on Educational Research. Lecture conducted from University of Geneva, Switzerland. Masculinities and Crime: Critique and Reconceptualization of Theory Renee S. "Hegemonic Masculinity in Boys Don't Cry ( relation to women in global society, but not all men: men exercise power over women by virtue of their privileged positions in society in the economy, the job market and the political organization of society, but this dominant form of masculinity also wields power.

This analysis is important, as it provides an analysis bridge between the psychoanalytic and gender analyses of men’s involvement in crime and violence and thus has the potential for advancing understanding of men and violence more broadly. The analysis of data demonstrate that according to their perceptions of family, the incarcerated men fall into two categories of hypermasculinity and “distant” complicit masculinity.

Masculinity (manhood or manliness) is a set of attributes, behaviors, and roles associated with boys and a social construct, it is distinct from the definition of the male biological sex. Standards of manliness or masculinity vary across different cultures and historical periods.

Both males and females can exhibit masculine traits and behavior.

An analysis of masculinity in relation to crime
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