antifungal drugs

Feb 3rd, 2012
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ANTIFUNGAL DRUGSAn antifungal drug is a medication used to treat fungal infections such as athlete'sfoot, ringworm, candidiasis (thrush), serious systemic infections such ascryptococcal meningitis etc.Mode of action;Antifungals work by exploiting differences between mammalian and fungalcells to kill the fungal organism without dangerous effects on the host.Unlike bacteria, both fungi and humans are eukaryotes.Thus fungal and human cells are similar at the molecular level.This makes it more difficult to find or design drugs that target fungi withoutaffecting human cells.Consequently, many antifungal drugs cause side-effects.Some of these side-effects can be life-threatening if the drugs are not usedproperly.PrecautionApart from side-effects like liver-damage or effects on estrogen levels , manymedicines can cause allergic reactions in people. For example, the azole group ofdrugs is known to cause anaphylaxis.There are also many drug interactions. For example, the azole antifungals suchas ketoconazole or itraconazole can be both substrates and inhibitors of the Pglycoprotein, which (among other functions) excretes toxins and drugs into theintestinesAzole antifungals also are both substrates and inhibitors the cytochrome P450family CYP3A4, causing increased concentration when administering, for example,calcium channel blockers, immunosuppressants, chemotherapeutic drugs,benzodiazepines, tricyclic antidepressants, macrolides

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