學術寫作上常誤用及誤解的字彙 I 為開頭的字彙 Common Mistakes in Academic English Writing: Words Beginning with the Letter I

誤解的字彙 I 為開頭的字彙


idiopathic  idiopathy
idiopathic (id” ee oh PATH ik, id “ee uh PATH ik) (adjective)
Characterized as happening spontaneously or developing from an unknown cause: “Pete’s brown eyes were idiopathic because everyone else in the family had blue eyes.”
“Any disease that is of uncertain or unknown origin may be termed idiopathic.”
idiopathy (id” ee AHP uh thee) (noun)
1. A disease of indeterminate cause; a spontaneous or primary disease: “Lucinda was diagnosed with pancreatic cancer which seemed to appear as an idiopathy.”
2. Happening spontaneously or developing from an unknown cause: “The idiopathy of the new gene puzzled everyone in the laboratory.”

imbrue  imbue
imbrue, embrue (im BROO) (verb)
To discolor or to stain: “The weaver used walnut skins to create the dark brown dye with which to imbrue the yarns he was using.”
imbue (im BYOO) (verb)
To influence in a permanent fashion: “The teacher’s new ideas seemed to imbue the students with a keen enthusiasm for their work.”

imitate, intimate, intimate  intimidate
imitate (IM i tayt”) (verb)
1. To make or to do something the same way as something else: “Our competitors are trying to imitate the same products that we have been producing for years.”
2. To copy another person’s behavior, sound, appearance, etc.; to follow the example of; to take as one’s model; and to impersonate or to mimic: “Jerome is very good at trying to imitate his father’s voice.”
intimate (IN tuh mit, IN tuh muht) (adjective)
1. Having a very close relationship; very warm and friendly: “Myrna and Lenora have remained intimate friends throughout their lives.”
2. The most private or personal relationship or being closely acquainted or associated; very familiar: “Karin and Karl have an intimate friendship with their neighbors.”
intimate (IN tuh mayt”) (verb)
1. To say or to suggest something in an indirect way; to hint or to imply: “Willard tried to intimate that Nathan should plan to arrive early for their next business meeting.”
2. To make known subtly and indirectly; to hint: “During the conversation, Christy tried to intimate that she was not happy with her job.”
intimidate (in TIM i dayt”) (verb)
1. To make someone afraid or insecure: “Vincent tries to intimidate his political opponents with hidden threats.”
2. To frighten into submission, compliance, or acquiescence: “Sometimes a lawyer will intimidate a witness in order to make that person say something that will weaken his or her testimony.”

immunity 及 impunity
immunity (i MYOO ni tee) (noun)
1. A state of being able to resist disease by counteracting its effects: “Latonya had already developed immunity to measles and was able to help nurse her younger brother when he came down with them, too.”
2. A condition whereby a person is protected or exempt from certain normal civil rules; implies freedom from or protection against something disagreeable or menacing: “Walter’s status as an ambassador gave him immunity from being questioned by the police.”
impunity (im PYOO ni tee) (noun)
A situation where a person is safe from or free from punishment, penalty, or harm: “Ryan acted with impunity, knowing that he would not be prosecuted by the police.”

impinge 及 infringe
impinge (im PINJ) (verb)
1. To hit or to strike something: “Such loud musical sounds that some people play on their car radios can impinge on their eardrums, causing temporary or even permanent hearing damage.”
2. To affect the limits of something; especially, a right or law, often causing some kind of restriction: “Gerald’s lawyer argued that such publicity would impinge on his client’s right to a just trial.”
infringe (in FRINJ) (verb)
To enter into someplace in a manner that violates the law: “When you walk across Cleo’s lawn, you infringe on her rights to privacy.”

imprudent 及 impudent
imprudent (im PROOD n’t) (adjective)
Unwise or indiscreet about handling practical matters; not exercising good judgment or common sense: “It was imprudent of Polly to borrow so much money from her brother.”
impudent (IM pyuh duhnt, IM pyoo duhnt) (adjective)
1. Showing a lack of respect and excessive boldness: “Jame’s mother was concerned because he seemed to be impudent towards her older friends.”
2. Characterized by offensive boldness; insolent or impertinent: “The little boy’s impudent behavior earned him an early to bed time.”

incidence 及 incidents
incidence (IN si duhns) (noun)
The scope or extent of an occurrence or influence of something: “The incidence of measles in the village was high.”
incidents (IN si duhnts) (noun)
1. Behaviors likely to lead to serious consequences: “There were several incidents of the mayor undermining the union during the strike that made the union members very angry.”
2. Several happenings or events as a result of or in connection with something more important: “Mollie remembered the happy incidents of herr childhood when she went to the beaches and got sunburned.”




誤解的字彙 I

J 為開頭的字彙

K 為開頭的字彙

L 為開頭的字彙