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47 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
The practice of objective observation based on a thorough description
The philosophical foundations of the science of behavior
Premack Principle
A high frequency behavior which serves as a reinforcer for a low frequency behavior
ABA (Applied Behavior Analysis)
The practical application and analysis using the science of behavior
If the behavior in question is important to the subject and /or society in a study
response class
A set of behaviors related by their functional similarity
An individual receiving too much reinforcement
EAB (experimental analysis of behavior)
Basic research in the science of behavior
fixed ratio
When reinforcement is contingent upon a given number of responses
The history that determines operant behavior
behavior chain
A sequence of responses, each associated with a particular stimulus condition
Primary (unconditioned)
stimuli reffered to as unleared reinforcers
Termination of an existing stimulus
continous reinforcement
Reinforcing a behavior everytime a particular behavior occurs
If a behavioral consequence produces a decrease in the rate of behavior
The procedure in which reinforcement of a previously reinforced behavior is discontinued
respondent paradigm
The environment alters the organism
Secondary (conditioned)
Stimuli referred to as learned or trained reinforcers
philosophic doubt
science requires the continual questioning of the truthfulness of what is regarded as fact
The gradual presentation or removing of a stimulus
When stimulus is avoided
operant paradigm
The organism alters the environment
Those behaviors that act on the environment
Consequences affect behavior in an automatic or mechanistic way
radical behaviorism
Another name for the behaviorism of B.F. Skinner
A prerequisite for immitation training
response cost
Loss of a specific amount of reinforcement contingent upon the occurence of inapropriate behavior that results in a decreased future probability of the behavior
stimulus generalization
The general tendency to respond in the presence of new stimuli that have similar physical properties, or have been associated with a previous stimulus
Schedules of reinforcement that require a certain amount of time to pass before a response is reinforced
generalized immitation
Imitative behaviors that are likely to occur in the absence of specific training
The belief that the universe is a lawful and orderly place and that all phenomena occur because of other events
Any antecedent stimulus that is topographically identical to the behavior the trainer wants to imitate
functional relation
A statement that describes the occurence of the phenomena under study as a function of specific variables
exclusionary time out
physically removing an individual from a setting for a specific period of time
schedule of reinforcement
A rule that establishes the probability that a specific occurence of a behavior will produce reinforcement
negative reinforcer
A stimulus that is removed from a behavior that increases that behavior's frequency of occurence
discriminative stimulus
In the presence of a stimulus condition a response systematically produces a consequence, and in its absence it does not produce the consequence
stimulus control
Behavior that is emitted more often in the presence of the SD than during its absence
If a behavioral consequence produces an increase in the rate of behavior
chain with a limited hold
A sequence of behaviors that must be performed correctly and within a specific period for reinforcement to be presented
differential reinforcement
When reinforcement is given to one member of a response class but not to another
history of reinforcement
The cummulative effect of a person's interaction with their environment
A schedule of reinforcement that requires that a certain number of responses be emitted before one response is reinforced
A tenet of science that requires one to accept or rule out simple explanations before accepting more complex explanations
variable ratio
When the number of required resposes varies specifically, before a response is reinforced
variable ratio
When the number of required responses varies specifically, before a response is reinforced
The reduced likelihood of the future occurences of a behavior refers to time out's functional