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April 12 – Day of aviation and cosmonautics

On April 12 the whole world celebrates Day of aircraft and Astronautics.

This is a special day – a day of triumph of science and all those who are today engaged in the space industry.

Russia marks cosmonautics Day in commemoration of the first space flight by Yuri Gagarin. The holiday was established by decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated 9 April 1962.

April 12, 2010 isposed 49 years since the first flight of man in space. And did it our compatriot Yuri Gagarin. 108 minutes spent in space opened the way for other space explorers. For a short period of time since the first flight into space man has visited the moon, explored almost all the planets of the Solar system, but the first flight was the most difficult and dangerous.

But the confidence and optimism, the desire to conquer space overcame all obstacles. Addressing all the inhabitants of the Earth before launch on April 12 1961 Yuriy Alekseevich said, “Dear friends, relatives and strangers, countrymen, people of all countries and continents! Continue reading

The origin of the solar system

The sun and the solar system was formed about 4.5 billion years ago. The solar system originated from a cloud, composed of gas and dust particles moving. Under the influence of its weight of it formed a disk in the center of which formed the Sun .

Gradually within the disk began to form solid materials. They faced each other, whereby a large celestial body. Their size corresponds to the existing planets. Inside the nebulae, where the temperature was high enough to form rocky planets. Far from the center formed the giant planets, they contain a large amount of ice, and they were surrounded by a thick layer of gas.

Within the Solar system the temperature even higher, and planets formed from rocky debris of the solar nebula. They are in contact with each other, forming a large celestial body. They attract each other by virtue of the power of the law of gravity and give birth to planets of terrestrial group. The atmosphere of the Earth and Venus, the largest among them, tight.

The atmosphere of Mars, a smaller planet is less dense, and mercury. the smallest planet of this group, it is very sparse compared to earth is not readily available.

Outside the Solar system,on the contrary, or due to the large number of large heavenly bodies, or because of the excess water formed a huge body, surrounded by natural satellites. Continue reading

How long to fly to Mars

The planet Mars is one of the brightest objects in our night sky, even visible to the naked eye and resembles a bright red star. About every two years, our planet and Mars is a maximum converging. Such an event in astronomy is called “confrontation”. At this point, Mars will be only fifty-five millions of miles from Earth. People capitalize on that by sending to the Red Planet during the confrontation spaceships. So how much to fly to Mars ?

The orbit of Mars and Earth

The complete journey from Earth to Mars takes between 150 to 300 days to allow for the speed run, the location of the planets and the length of the path, which must pass the spacecraft. In this case the dominant factor is only the amount of fuel. The more fuel, the faster it will take flight.

History of flights to Mars

The first ever space ship, committed trip Earth-Mars, was created by NASA’s Mariner 4. It was launched in late November 1964 and appeared on Mars July 14, 1965. Mariner 4 reached Mars in 228 days. Continue reading

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