Home > Uncategorized > Thermodynamics and Kinetics Lecture 24 Notes: Osmotic Pressure

Thermodynamics and Kinetics Lecture 24 Notes: Osmotic Pressure

Today’s lecture costs 52 minutes. We’ll get into statistical mechanics tommorrow. He goes through a very long derivation for the first half.

Semipermeaable membranes allow one way flow. Osmosis is when the solvent moves. Diffusion is when the solute moves.

The chemical potential is always lower inside a mixture. Pressure rising, chemical potential rises.

Weight at the bottom of a container = lpg
Pressure = force/area
Colligative properties = osmotic pressure, VP depression, MP depression, BP elevation

van Hoff Equation
PV = nB RT

10 grams of unknown dissolved in 1000 grams of H2O. Vp is 25.195 torr at 27 C. Pure H2O Vp is 25.2 torr.

MW solid dP H2O = -xv Ph2o
xb = 0.005/25.2

Statistics are used to go from the microscopic to the macroscopic. The probability that a molecule is in state i with energy Ei.

The higher the energy, the more improbable.
K = Boltzman constant = R/N avagadro

k = Ae^Ea/RT
There’s an activation energy that needs to be overcome for reactions to take place.

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Intermolecular Forces: ionic, hydrogen bonding, dipole dipole, VdW

1st Law dU=dW + dQ
2nd Law dS = dq rev/T
3rd law, oK – S=O

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