RadioActivity And Nuclear Reactions


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       Generally chemical reactions take place by transfer or sharing of valence electrons. These reactions do not cause any change in the nucleus of atom. But, there are certain reactions in which nucleus of atoms undergo a change. Such reactions in which nuclei of atoms undergo a change are called nuclear reactions. For example, radioactivity, nuclear fission and nuclear fusion are nuclear reactions. During nuclear reactions, a large amount of energy is produced in the form of heat and light. The energy produced during a nuclear reaction is called nuclear energy.

Now, we shall discuss the structure of an atom in detail in order to understand nuclear reactions more clearly.

Structure of Atom


Structure Of Atom

The extra nuclear portion consists of negatively charged electrons which revolves around the positively charged nucleus in circular paths called orbits. In an atom, the number of electrons is always equal to that of protons. So, atoms are always electrically neutral.

Model of an atom

Simplified Model Of An Atom

Test Your Understanding and Answer These Questions:

  1. What is definition of nuclear reaction?

  2. What is definition of nuclear energy?

  3. What is the structure of an atom?

  4. Describe model of an atom.

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