• Join over 1.2 million students every month
  • Accelerate your learning by 29%
  • Unlimited access from just £6.99 per month

Environmental Impacts of Bowling in the past and in the future. Originally, bowling balls were made out of lignum vitae, a wood so dense that it would sink in water.

Extracts from this document...


Environmental Impacts of Bowling in the past and in the future The history of bowling is quite long, it is not even certain when or where it started. However looking back in history shows evidence of how the sport has significantly changed over the years. As a result, as the years pass by, changes that may improve bowling also have a huge impact on the environment. Changes can be small things, such as different types of coatings, or bigger things such as different type of balls. Even the smallest change however can have a huge impact on the environment, and as a result it is important to know how bowling affected the environment in the past, and where is it going in the future. Originally, bowling balls were made out of lignum vitae, a wood so dense that it would sink in water. This type of wood comes from a very slow growing tree, which at one point was the most traded hardwood in the world. Although it wasn't entirely because of the bowling industry, the lignum vitae is now an endanger species due to its slow sustainable rate and because many industries, such as bowling, were constantly increasing the demand for this wood. ...read more.


The next change in bowling ball composition came with the development of the polyester ball in 1959. Such balls provided more hooking action on the prevalent lane finishes. Originally, polyester balls were transparent, but this allowed dirt to be more visible, so the formulation was changed to make the balls opaque in order to hide the dirt. This change was actually one of the most effective ones and it symbolizes the turning point for bowling. Given that polyester has a low toxicity level of all raw materials and side products during polyester production and processing. Also when produced in a closed loop, it adds low emissions to the environment. This makes the polyester ball one of the most successful turning points because at this point the bowling industry was becoming green. The next big change came in the 1980s, when bowling lanes were made from maple and pine. The first 15 feet of a lane were made from hard rock maple with the last 45 feet made from softer pine. The harder maple was used because it could withstand the impact from the bowling balls. ...read more.


and trees planted Bowling lounge 75 percent more efficient pin spotters than traditional bowling machinery � Water efficient toilets � 100 percent reclaimed cork floors in the lounge � 100 percent recycled tires for the stage floor � Tables and wood-work furniture made from recycled bowling alley lanes This improvements make it the most green bowling alley in the world. It is an example to follow and it marks the second turning point in bowling history, where once again it shows its commitments to the environment and society. Bibliographies: � Shockly, Jennifer. "First LEED Certified Bowling Alley: Brooklyn Bowl - Green Building Elements." Green Building Elements. Web. 10 Apr. 2011. <http://greenbuildingelements.com/2011/04/07/leed-brooklyn-bowl/>. � Dr. Trony. "The Chemistry of Bowling: A Short History of Bowling Balls, Lanes, Coatings, and Conditioners " Thoughts From The Heart On The Left." Thoughts From The Heart On The Left. 26 June 2008. Web. 10 Apr. 2011. <https://heartontheleft.wordpress.com/2008/07/26/the-chemistry-of-bowling-a-short-history-of-bowling-balls-lanes-coatings-and-conditioners/>. � "Shellac Shack: Shellac Flakes." Shellac Shack: High Quality Shellac Flakes at Discount Prices. Web. 10 Apr. 2011. <http://www.shellacshack.com/shellac_flakes/>. � "USGBC: LEED." USGBC: U.S. Green Building Council. Web. 10 Apr. 2011. <http://www.usgbc.org/DisplayPage.aspx?CategoryID=19>. Group 4 Project Daniel Guerrero Environmental Impacts 8595446 Group 4 Project Daniel Guerrero Environmental Impacts 8595446 ...read more.

The above preview is unformatted text


Found what you're looking for?

  • Start learning 29% faster today
  • 150,000+ documents available
  • Just £6.99 a month

Not the one? Search for your essay title...
  • Join over 1.2 million students every month
  • Accelerate your learning by 29%
  • Unlimited access from just £6.99 per month

See related essaysSee related essays

Related International Baccalaureate Group 4 Projects essays

  1. IB GR4 Project / Global Warming

    pH Paper To record the pH of the water and to ensure that it is at the correct value. Pipette To add exactly the volume of acid needed to make up the acid rain solution. Method 1) Gather the required equipment and add pebbles to the water tank, so that the bottom of the tank is covered completely.

  2. Group 4 Chemistry

    odourless Discussion Table 3: Significance of Differences in Mass * For mean masses, refer to Table 1. For standard deviation, refer to appendix I. Mean Salnity1(g/5mL) Mean Salinity2 (g/5mL) Differences of Mean Salinity (g/5mL) Standard deviation 1 (g/5mL) Standard deviation2 (g/5mL)



  2. Free essay

    Group 4 Paper 2008

    Once bleached, the pulp is diluted with water in large amounts. This mixture is then sprayed onto an endless mesh screen, called the forming fabric, on a paper machine. Then the fibers become intertwined, creating a mat, and the majority of the water is extracted.

  1. Group 4 Chemistry - Amylase

    around the same pH and that pH changes in either direction will decrease enzyme activity and causing a decrease in the rate of reaction, possibly to the point of denaturing the enzyme. Variables Control Part 1: Temperature, pH, volumes Part 2: pH, concentration, volumes Part 3: Temperature, Concentration, volumes Independent


    N/A stands for ?not applicable? and it means either that there was no material to be tested on (sucrose; lipid) or the test could not be repeated. For the Iodine test, the control (distilled water) shows yellow color and no change as well as for the glucose and protein.


    In fact, feeling a control of the situation could reduce the stress level. Moreover, having a time managing habit could soothing the anxiety while an emergency happened because the other events had already to be well planned and did not need to worry the limit of time.

  2. Research Project. Social networks: How they influenced business and employment

    Online websites (Facebook, Orkut etc.) 2. Phone messaging applications. (Blackberry Messenger, Whatsapp etc.) 3. Mass Multiplayer Online Game (World of Warcraft, Ragnarok etc.) In my essay, I am going to look at the impact and applications of these services on business practices, employees and employers.

  • Over 160,000 pieces
    of student written work
  • Annotated by
    experienced teachers
  • Ideas and feedback to
    improve your own work