Hematology Final

jessica3l33's version from 2015-04-26 17:17

Test 1

Question Answer
How many RBCs does the adult bone marrow produce per day per kg of body weight?3 billion
how many WBCs does the adult bone marrow produce per day per kg of body weight?1.5 billion
How many thrombocytes are produced daily per kg of body weight?2.5 billion
function of red, white pulpred cell filtration, lymphocyte processing, and storage of white cells and platlets
what percentage of circulating platlets can be stored by the spleen20%
normal life span of RBCs120 days
percentage of WBCs stored by the spleenthird
name three properties of a stem cellundifferentiated, can give rise to a number of different, specialized cells, stimultaed to divide and differentiate by growth factors
non-lymphoid progenitor cell that will differentiate into erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platletsCFU-GEMM
original nomenclature that described pluripotential stem cellCFU-S
Cells that are responsible humoral immunityB cells
cells tat produce antibodiesplasma cells
cells responsible for formation of cellular immunityT cells
humoral factor that controls production of granulocytes and macrophages through CFU-GMGM-CSF
MCV measuresred cell size
increased production of erythropoiesis is callederythrocytosis
production of WBCs below normal this is calledleukopoiesis

Test 3

Question Answer
jaundiceyellowing of skin or eyes due to excess bilrubin
infarctiontissue death due to local lack of oxygen
placeboa neutral replacement for an active treatment, usually used in experiments
antiglobulin testdetermines antibodues in the blood
chelationthe presence of heavy metals in the blood
condition that will shift oxygen dissociation curve to the leftinheriting a high oxygen affinity hemoglobin
if hemoglobin molecules release more oxygen what kind of shift happens to the oxygen dissociation curve?right curve
when iron is in the +3 state the hemoglobinis referred to asmethemoglobin
morphological classification of anemia is based onRBC indices
what test will be abnormal through each stage of iron deficiencyserum ferritin
a patient presents with microcytic hypochromic anemia with ragged looking rbcs and a high retic count. cresyl blue prep reveals inclusions that look like pitted golf balls suggesting that what is wrong with the patient?hgb H disease
cost effective therapy for patient with hereditary hemochromatosistherapeutic phlebotomy
two sets of labratory data that can distinguish from IDA and beta thassalemiaserum iron, RBC
majority of hemoglobin in thassalemia majorhemoglobin F
what clinical state of alpha thassalemia which is fatal?hydrops barts fetalis
which hemoglobin has the chemical identity of Beta4Hgb H
leading cause of death got thalassemia major individualscardiac problems
descibe the changes in bone marrow for patients with megaloblastic anemiaasynchrony of red cell precursors
morphlogical markers in peripheral smear for megaloblastic anemiasoval macrocytes and hypersegmented neutrophils
most common citamin deficiency in the USfolic acid
unique symptom for megaloblastic anemiadifficulty walking and mental confusino
substance necessary for vitamin B12 absorptionintrinsic factor
increased LDH is indicative ofintramedullary hemolysis
describe pathophysiology of megaloblastic anemiaslack of DNA synthesis
when a wright stain is used you cannot seeheinz bodies
burr cellsformed as a result f heinz bodies being pitted from the red cell
amino acid subsitution in sickle cell anemia patientsvaline for glutamic acid
what factor contributes to the pathophysiology of sicklingdehydration
most of the clinically significant hemoglobin cariants are single acid substitution
this hemoglobin will show crystals appearing like gold bars in the peripheral bloodhemoglobin CC disease
two sources of B12fish, eggs
two sources of folic aciddark leafy greens, beans

Test 4

Question Answer
daily production of WBCs1.5 billion
segmented neutrophils are held how long before release into peripheral blood7-10 days
CFU-GEMM is structured to give rise togranulocytes, erythrocytes, monocytes, and macrophages
CFU-Meg gives rise to megakaryocytes
lymphocytes are made in thebone marrow and thymus
margniating pool of WBCsalong vessel endothelium
cirulating pool of WBCscells in blood stream
stages of maturation for neutrophilic seriesmyeloblast, promyelocyte, myelocyte, metamyelocyte, band, segmented neutrophil
when WBCs are counted and enumerated in the differential for neutrophils a normal percentage expected should be in the range of40-75%
percentage of lymphocytes in differential25-45%
WBC found in peripheral at the lowest percentagebasophil
when performing WBC estimate blood smear is always examined under what type of lens40x high dry
when performing differential cell count, microscope objective used is100x objective
normal range for platlets in peripheral blood150-400x 109/L
Platlet estimates are result of counting how many fields are in the peripheral blood smear?10
how many wbcs are counted when performing peripheral blood smear in differential100
which characteristics best describe what to look for when examining rbcs during differentialsize, shape, inclusions
how many rbcs are assesd when RBC morphology is examined during the diferential?200
For a normal segmented neutrophil, how many lobes of the nucleus are sually observed?2-5
A cell showing a small round nucleus, clumpy chuck chromatin pattern with scanty sky blue cytoplasm with a few pink granules is described as lymphocyte
cell showing a large, convoluted, brainy looking nucleus with lacy looking chromatin with pale, gray blue, ground glass cytoplasm describes amonocyte
A cell showing a nucleus that is bi lobed and obscured by granules with cytoplasm that is pale, washed out, and contains intense large blue-black granules is a basophil
what WBC is also known as a juvenileband cell/metamyelocyte
What are classified as abnormal inclusions in granulocytes?vacuoles, dohle bodies, toxic granulation
toxic granulations are associated withburns, drug posioning, acute infections
viral infections that can stimulate of produce diverse nuclear and/or cytoplasmic changes in lymphocytesHIV, CMV, EBV
describe flow cytometryusing laser light that shines on sample cells in a way that indicates cell number, shape, and structure. This information is detected by a computer and translated into a scatter plot that allows clinician to analyze cells and abnormalities
which parameters are provided by electronic measurmentplatlet count, hgb, WBC
Which parameters are calculated measurmentsred cell distribution, hct
diluent used in unopipet wen manual counting is for WBCsammonium oxalate
manual count WBC uses4 larger corner boxes
manual count platletcount all squares within central square
how do you manually count RBCswithin center square count the corner squares and center square
Body fluid analysiscount all 9 squares
distinguish monocyte from lymphocyteabundant gray-blue cytoplasm
which CD markers are specific for T lymphocytesCD2 and CD3
what CD markers are specific for T helper cellsCD4
What CD markers are specific for T supressor cells?CD8
What CD markers are specific for B lymphocytes?CD19, CD20
What lymphocyte population specifically targets malignant cellsNK cells
What do mast cells doplay a role in allergies
B cellshave antigens, adaptive immunity
T cellssecrete cytokines, activate other immunologic responses
NK cellskill cells not displaying 'self' marker
external quality control that monitors accuracy of different test systemsproficiency testingn
evaluating personnel knowlesge and performance of test procedurescompetency testing
define controls of automate instrument3- normal, high, and low
define coeffvient of variationvarance from accepted value shown in sample
neutrophils primary role and receptor typephagocytosis, defend against bacterial infections, IgG/C3 receptors
define left shiftincreased band neutrophils in blood
Eosinophil main functioncontrol parasitic infections
basophil main functionallergies
monocyte growth regulatorGM-CSF
describe monocyte functionphagocytic cells that have receptors fofr IgG/C3, secrete complement and cytokines, arrive after neutrophils and do not die
describe impedanceDC current applied between two electrodes, resistance occurs as cells pass through aperture causing a change in voltage
describe electrical resistancenumber of pulses equivalent to # of cells, size of voltage pulse equivalent to cell size
describe radio frequencyradio frequency measurments give onformation on contents of cell
Describe normal adult blood smear percentagessegmented neutrophils 60%, lymphocytes 30%, monocytes 5%, eosinophils and basophils 3-5%

Section 3