The ideal time to plant a tree is during dormancy because the roots will have time to establish, arming the tree against our hot summers.

1. The first thing you do is dig a shallow, broad planting hole:

Make the hole about three times the diameter of the root ball, but only as deep as the root ball. This allows easier root growth into the surrounding loose soil.

If you're planting on a lawn, you can cut the top of the hole and take the turf off first, like pie pieces. Keep those separate from the rest of the soil. After the tree is planted, put the grass pieces upside-down around the soil, making a berm that will hold in water.

2. Remove the tree container:

Hit the sides of the container with a shovel to dislodge the soil and roots. Or carefully cut the down the sides of the container. Check for circling roots and cut or remove them.

3. Place tree at proper height:

If the tree is planted too deeply, new roots may have difficulty developing because of a lack of oxygen. It’s best to plant the tree 2 to 3 inches above the base of the trunk flare to allow for settling.

4. Straighten the tree in the hole:

View it from several angles before backfilling.

5. Fill the hole:

Fill about one-third full with soil and pack it around the base of the root ball. If wrapped, carefully cut any fabric, plastic, string or wire from the root ball. You can add a small amount of amendments, including watering agent and organic fertilizer. Add more soil and settle. You can use water to help eliminate air pockets that can cause roots to dry out. Step lightly on the soil in the hole to eliminate air pockets.

6. Add stakes if needed:

Use two stakes with wide, flexible tie material supporting the lower half of the tree. Remove after the first year of growth. The stakes can help a top-heavy tree stay straight and can also keep lawn mowers and Weed-eaters away from the tender trunk.

7. Mulch the base of the tree:

Add a 2- to 4-inch layer of shredded bark, peat moss, composted wood chips, leaf litter or pine straw. Do not cover the trunk.

8. Keep it watered:

Soil should be moist, but not soaked. Water at least once a week, barring rain; more often in hot weather.

Sources: International Society of Arboriculture and Trees for Houston.