Chapter 14

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Chapter 14

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the network of trading links after 1500 that moved goods, basin, wealth, people, and cultrues around the Atlantic Ocean Basin
Atlantic System
An outbreak of bubonic plague that spread across asia, north africa, and europe in the mid fourteenth centruy carrying off vast numbers of persons
black death
portugueese explorer. In 1497-1498 he led the first naval expedition from europe to sail to india, opening an important commersial sea route
Vasco da Gama (1460-1524)
large chrches orgination in the twelfth century france; built in an architectural style featuring pointed arches, tall vaults and spires, flying buttresses, and large stained-glass windows
gothic cathedrals
a division in the latin (western) christian church between 1478 and 1417, when rival claimants to the papacy existed in rome and avignon
great western schism
in medieval europe, an association of men ( rarely woman ) such as merchants, artisans or professors who worked in a particular trade and baded together to promoththeir economic and political interests. They were important in the ottoman and safavid empires
an economic and defensive alliance of the free towns in northern germnay, founded about 1241 and most powerful in the fourteenth century
an economic and defensive alliance of the free towns in northenr germany, founded about 1241 and most owerful in the fourteenth century
hanseatic league
european scholars, writers and teachers associated withthe study of the humanities influential in the fifteenth century and later
humanists ( renaissance )
series of campaigns over control of the throne of france, involving english and french royal families and french novle families
hundred years war (1337-1453)
historians name for the territories of europe that adhered to the latin rite of christianity and used the latin language for intellectual exchange in the period ca. 1000-1500
Latin West
historians term for the monarchies in france, england and spain from 1450 to 1600. The centralization of royal power was increasing within more or less fixed territorial limits
new monarchies
a mechanical device for transferring text or graphics from a woodblock or type to paper using ink. Presses using movable type fist appeared in Europe in about 1450.
printing press
beggining in the eleventh centru. military campaigns by various iberian christian states to recapture territory take by muslims. In 1492 the last muslim ruler was defeated and spain and portugal emerged as united kingdoms
reconquest of iberia
a philosophical and thological system, associated with Thomas Aginas, devised to reconcle aristotelian philosophy and roman catholic theology om the thirteenth century
a rotational system for agriculture in which one fiel grows grain, one grows legumes. and one lies fallow. It gradually replaced two-field system in medieval Europe.
three-field system
degree-granting instituitions of higher learning. Those that apperared in the latin west from about 1200 onward became the model of all modern universities
a mechanism that harnesses energy in flowing water to grind grain or to power machinery. It was used in many parts of the world but it was especially common in europe from 1200 to 1900
water wheel
a period of intense artistic and intellectual activity, said to be a rebirth of greco roman culture. Isually divided into an intalian renaissance, from roughly the mid foourteenth to mid fiteent century, and a northern renaiissance from roughly the early fifteenth to early seventeenth century
rennaisance ( european)
in the fifteenth century, the _______ family dominated Florence
External _______ buttresses stabilized gothic cathedrals
the dominicans and __________ two new riligious orders, contributed many talented professors to europe's colleges.
______ was the most influential advocate of scholasticism
Thomas Aquinas
the _______ killed about one thrid of europes population
black death
the 1381 english revolt by english peasants was led by _____
Wat Tyler
________ used the fourth crusade to gain strategic and commercial advantages in the eastern mediterranean
A_____ was an association of craft specialist
the fourth crusade was
an attempt by venetians to cripple constantinople in order to gain better access to eastern trade
the divine comedy
most urban growth in the latin west after 1200 stemmed from
a revival of trade and manufactoring
scholasticism was
the efforts of theoligans to synthesize reason and faith
the great western schism was finally resolved by
returning the pope to rome but catholism political power was broken
king john was forced to sign the magna carta which affirmed
Europeans ordinarly referred to themselves as latins but their contemporary muslim and byzantine neighbors commonly called western Europeans
the _______ widely accepted in northern europe was a new technique in farming that increased the amount of farmland available for producing crops
three field system
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