Voice, Tense, and Mood Study Guide By: katie rizik

active voice: the subject is the doer of the action

passive voice: the subject is the receiver of the action and most of the time there is more than 1 word in the verb phrase or the word "by" is later in the sentence

Active Voice Examples-

1. The children promised their parents to be well behaved in Christmas Eve Mass.

2. The lights shimmered in the moonlight.

3. The family included a statue of Santa on their front lawn.

Passive Voice Examples-

1. Amanda was awarded with "The Best Decorated House Award".

2. The Christmas tree was decorated by the children.

3. The amount of snow was increasing by the minute.

progressive tense: consists of a form of the auxiliary verb "be" and the present participle of the main verb (be+present participle)

Forms of "be" to use: be, am, is, was, were, are, will be

perfect tense: consists of a form of the auxiliary verb "have" and the past participle of the main verb (have+past participle)

Forms of "have" to use: have, had, has, will have

Progressive Tense Examples-

1. Allison was decorating all day. (past)

2. David is singing Christmas carols on Saturday. (present)

3. We will be jumping through several feet of snow on our driveway. (future)

Perfect Tense Examples-

1. They have made cookies shaped like Christmas trees. (present)

2. She has driven through snow many times before. (present)

3. Children have watched for the reindeer all night. (present)

There are 4 moods: indicative, imperative, emphatic, and subjunctive. Subjunctive trumps everything.

indicative: form of a verb that is used to state a fact or ask a question

imperative: used to give commands

emphatic: gives special force to simple present or past tense verbs; when a form of "do" is in front of the verb (do+verb)

subjunctive: expresses a wish or desire, contrary to fact condition, demand after that, recommend after that, or uncertainty (words to tell: whether, wish or desire, if, that, would/could, recommended, recommend, demand, insist)

Examples of Emphatic Mood:

1. I do like those colorful lights.

2. We did read "The Night Before Christmas".

Examples of Subjunctive Mood:

1. Mom recommended that we put the lights on the tree before the ornaments.

2. I wish we had no school the week before Christmas.

Examples of Imperative Mood:

1. Do not put the reindeer statue out in the rain.

2. Put the cookies in the oven.

Examples of Indicative Mood:

1. Have you put the tree up yet?

2. We got the biggest tree there.


Created with images by Cristiana Bardeanu - "Snow" • kinwart - "Christmas tree cookies" • http://www.christmasmarine.com/ - "Beautiful Christmas tree" • john47kent - "Christmas Tree"

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