Anatomy 2 - FEESH

drraythe's version from 2015-06-05 23:20


Question Answer
6 body forms of fishRover predators, Ambush predators, Surface oriented fishes, Bottom fishes, Deep bodied fishes, Eel-like fishes
good indicator of speed of a fish?forked tail-- more forked, faster
rover predator would be described as? examples?classic fish form (fusiform). tuna, salmon, etc
ambush predators have a ___ body and the dorsal+anal fin are ____. example?long body. placed far back on body. ex) barracuda
characteristics of surface oriented fishes? ex?Up-pointed mouth and flattened heads, large eyes (these are adapted to feed on small insects, plankton, or smaller fish) example, flying fish
bottom fish have ___ heads, and what fin is modified to do what?flat heads, pectoral fin modified to cling like a suction cup
subsection of bottom fish...the ultimate modification for bottom life is a flat fish. characteristics and example?These are laterally flattened fish that lie on one side and whose mouth and eye have change position to accommodate their peculiar orientation (flaunders, hailbut)
flat fish are ____ compressed. ex?laterally compressed. ex) raccoon butterfly fish
eel-like fish are designed to?burrow or enter the substrate
single fins...located along the centerline of the fish,eg dorsal (back) fins; caudal (tail) fin and anal fin
paired fins...includes pectoral (chest) and pelvic (hip) fins
what is an adipose fin?a fleshy lobe behind the dorsal fin that are found in some fishes, for example in catfish.
soft vs spiney dorsal fin?spiny has spines, soft has RAYS
pectoral fin used for? enlarged in?used for locomotion, enlarged in fishes that leap out of the water
pelvic fin for?Stabilize the body against pitch and are used to counterbalance lift. Produce roll when required.
dorsal fin for?Use as stabilizer during forward motion. Can be used as a brake. It is erected for threat or courtship display and can be quite large and colorful.
anal fin where? for? specializations?Always located behind the vent or anal opening which ever is present. Serves as a stabilizer. In the family poeciliidae which includes guppies, platys and sword tails the male has a rod-like anal fin called a gonopodium that serves as a copulatory organ.
gonopodium is? rod-like anal fin that serves as a copulatory organ.
specialization of otherwise unremarkable, thin epidermis with mucus glands and capillaries?(taste buds here, also) In some fishes (symphysodon) the mucus glands produce a whitish secretion upon which the young fry feed for about three days before they take live food.
where do scales devolop? if one is lost?dermis... if lost, that portion of the epidermis attached to its free surface is lost with it
two primary layers of a scale?(1) (bony) A bony layer or hyalodentine surface layer, that may bear spines,ridges or grooves. This layer is usually acelluar. (2) (collagenous) A deeper basal plate of woven lamellar composition, which consists of directionally alternating strata (as many as twenty-five layers) of parallel collagen fibers.
how can you age a fish?Scales have concentric ridges, or circuli, in the bony layer that are deposited throughout life around the margins of the scale. When several circuli are close together, a ring, or annulus is formed. use annulus to age
what on the fishes body helps it prevent infection?mucus layer covering body
gills are covered by a _________operculum
how does a fish reg its blood O2 content?The pseudobranch is a gill- like structure at the back of the oral cavity which is able to test the concentration of oxygen in the blood, hence causing its regulation to optimum level.
3 parts of gill, and their fxn or location?(1) Gill filaments: the site of gas exchange (2) Gill rakers: appendages along the front edge of the gill arch (3) Gill arches: support the gill (SEE PIC)
how does a fish "breathe"?Water is “inhaled” through the mouth, passes over the gills and “exhaled” from beneath the operculum.
heat regulation of a fish is done how? cool example?Within the red muscle strip of the lateral body wall the capillary network function for heat exchange (tuna can raise body temp 4-6*+!)
"circulatory lungs" of fish?Capillary network or retia are present in the gas bladder for the introduction or removal of gas i.e. oxygen or nitrogen.
fishes have ___ circulation. explainone-way... venous blood passes through the heart into the ventral aorta located in the throat. (see pic)
4 chambers of fish heart?the sinus venosus, atrium, ventricle, and bulbus arteriosus
if environment O2 is super high, what can the fish do?The structure of the gill is well vascularized it has secondary pathway via shunts that allow blood to pass from the venous side (afferent branchial artery) to the arterial side.
fish eye shape? why? color vision?rounder b/c of refractive index of water. Yes, color vision
what is the lateral line of the fish?fish primary sensory organ consisting of fluid filled sacs with hair-like sensory apparatus that are open to the water through a series of pores, it functions in sensing currents, pressure and movements in water.
why is the vent called the vent?it is an external opening to the digestive, urinary AND reproductive tract
what is the swim bladder, what does it do? its a hollow gas filled balance organ, which enables the fish to conserve energy by maintaining neutral bouyancy in water.
what allows some fish to live in fresh AND salt water?kidney's ability to to regulate salt conc
diff between intestine of herbiverous and picivorous fish?pic= short herb=long
where is pyloric ceca? what does it do?near the junction of the stomach and the intestine. secretion of enzymes that aid in digestion, may also absorb digested food or do both.
liver does?digestive (fat) enzyme making and excreting, storage for fats and carbs, destroy old RBCs/maintain blood chem, play role in nitrogen excretion
gonads, male vs female?female= yellow/orange and a mass of eggs. male is smaller and white

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