Seasonal affective disorder, otherwise known as 'SAD' is a type of depression that comes with the change of seasons.

The disorder is sometimes referred to as "winter depression" because symptoms can become more prominent and severe during winter months.

According to the NHS, the exact cause of SAD isn't yet known, but is likely to have something to do with us getting less sunlight during shorter autumn and winter days.

What causes SAD?

Once we've said goodbye to the summer, the dark, long nights start to draw near, meaning we are exposed to less sunlight and less of the vitamins and chemicals we need from the sun.

Health experts think that this stops part of the brain called the hypothalamus working properly and this can affect our body in a number of ways.


It is also thought that genetics could have a part to play, with some people more likely to feel the effects due to their genes.

Video Loading

What are the symptoms of SAD?

Symptoms of SAD can include:

  • a persistent low mood
  • a loss of pleasure or interest in normal everyday activities
  • irritability
  • feelings of despair, guilt and worthlessness
  • craving carbs and gaining weight

However, it's thought that some people with SAD may have symptoms during the summer and feel better during the winter.

How can I treat SAD?

If you think you might have SAD and are struggling to cope you should see your GP.

They will assess your mental health and ask about your mood, lifestyle, eating habits and sleeping pattern.

The main treatments recommended by GP's are:

  • To try getting as much natural sunlight as possible
  • Exercise regularly as this will help to manage your stress levels
  • Light therapy - a special lamp called a light box can stimulate exposure to sunlight
  • Talk about it - your GP may refer you for cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) or counselling
  • Antidepressant medication - your GP may also recommend  taking medication such as "selective serotonin reputake inhibitors (SSRIs)."


Have a story? Send me an email -

Want more news?



