• Napoleon Bonaparte's decade and a half of warfare radically altered European society. The Revolutionaries initially claimed to be acting in the name of the "Enlightenment", but many others perceived it much differently.

    Assuming Napoleon's wars were in part a consequence of the Enlightenment, what do Francisco Goya's paintings of the brutal guerrilla conflict in the Peninsular War in Spain reveal?

    Goya's Disasters of War

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