Healthy Food Onion Protects Protect the Heart Against Chemo-Cardiotoxicity

By Kyle J. Norton

Cardiotoxicity is a medical condition that causes damage to the heart muscle, leading to reduced heart muscles function to pump blood, and heart failure.

Long term intake of certain medication and people who are under treatment of chemotherapy have been found in most cases of cardiotoxicity.

However, people who are infected by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) genetic preposition, a malignant disease associated with the amyloid deposited on the heart or other organs, high blood pressure, untreated hyperthyroidism, and vitamin b2 deficiency are some of the most prevalent factors found in patients with cardiotoxicity.

Most common symptoms of cardiotoxicity are associated with not enough blood circulation in the body such as tiredness and fatigue, a long-term (chronic) cough, shortness of breath, floating due to the enlarged heart muscle, abnormal heart or lung sounds and swelling in your hands, feet, or unusual weight gain.

Conventionally, treatment of cardiotoxicity is totally depending on the types of the disease including
Beta-blockers, ACE inhibitors induce (widen) the arterial dilation and improvement of the blood flow and diuretics.

Some researchers in examining the risk of cardiotoxicity in patients with chemotherapy wrote, “Age and preexisting left ventricular dysfunction have been identified most consistently as being associated with the development of clinical heart failure or a worsening of left ventricular function with chemotherapy”.

And, “”Other cardiovascular conditions, including hypertension, diabetes, and coronary artery disease, are also associated with the risk of cardiotoxicity”.

The onion is a plant in the genus Allium, belonging to the family Alliaceae, a close relation of garlic. It is often called the “king of vegetables” because of its pungent taste and found in a large number of recipes and preparations spanning almost the totality of the world’s cultures. 
Depending on the variety, an onion can be sharp, spicy, tangy, pungent, mild or sweet.

On finding a potent ingredient which processes cardio-protective activity researchers examined the effects of extracts from edible wild onion species, Allium flavum, and Allium carinatum, that reduce side effects of cytostatic doxorubicin (Dox).

In human hepatoma (HepG2) and lung carcinoma (A549) cells, the methanol extracts exhibited high levels of antioxidant activity and worked synergistically to increased Dox anticancer activity, without affecting the health of normal cells.

Futhermore, antioxidative enzymes level such as catalase and superoxide dismutases in the cancer cells was also suppressed by the chemicals, compared to normal cells upon applied treatments.

In the toxicity assays on the zebrafish model, the chemical extracts isolated from edible wild onion species processes lower toxicity compared to Dox, with no teratogenic effects at applied doses.

Most importantly, the extracts not only successfully protect the Dox-treated embryos of life-threating cardiomyopathy but also reduced developmental toxicity and neutropenia. in the zebrafish model.

Additionally, the extracts also processed a higher anti-angiogenic activity compared to those of antiangiogenic drugs such as sunitinib or auranofin.

Taken altogether, onion extracts may be considered a remedy for the prevention and treatment of cardio-toxicity, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.


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Author Biography

Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years

(1) Wild edible onions – Allium flavum and Allium carinatum – successfully prevent adverse effects of chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin by Aleksandar P1, Dragana MĆ2, Nebojša J3, Biljana N3, Nataša S4, Branka V5, Jelena KV. (PubMed)
(2) Risk factors for chemotherapy-related cardiac toxicity by Polonsky TS1, DeCara JM. (PubMed)