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Importance of a portable defibrillator about

Portable Defibrillator Explanation

In Germany, liposuction portable defibrillator in men and women of the most common interventions that are made in beauty clinics. More than 20,000 people annually in Germany can suck fat. However, other surgical procedures such as chest-tightening, wrinkles, eyelid, nose and ear surgery or scars take markedly in defibrillator Germany. People take more and more the possibilities of modern medicine for their bodies to complete.

Reasons for liposuction
The classic indication for liposuction portable defibrillator are sportresistente diet and fat deposits, which are often justified by a familial or genetic predisposition. The patients concerned are their fat accumulation, despite diet and exercise just does not matter. In these cases, including liposuction defibrillator on stomach, be useful to turn fat into beating liposuction on the hips and liposuction of the saddlebags on the thighs. Typical areas of liposuction in men and women are somewhat different. In women, the chin and neck, upper arms, the belly (bacon), defibrillator the hips (turn fat into beating), the thighs, portable defibrillator the thighs, knees, calf and ankle area of the most frequently operated areas. In men, are the chin and neck, chest, belly and waist in the foreground.

Reasons for breast surgery
Breast surgery (breast augmentation, breast reduction or breast lift) are among the most common surgical procedures in aesthetic portable defibrillator plastic surgery. A harmonious breast must fit the proportions of women in size and shape. Both too little or too great a Hängebrust breasts often appear defibrillator strange or not, of course.

This is a Portable Defibrillator

The right portable defibrillator motivation
But many of these projects fail after a few days defibrillator or weeks. Often the motivation is lost too quickly or was portable never really there. The giving up of smoking from today to tomorrow not succeed if the smokers are defibrillator not entirely clear about whether they really want. From the outset doomed to failure is a "Fremdmotivation" with the slogan "I want to quit smoking, because my partner portable said medicine journalist Sven David Mueller.

Concrete portable defibrillator intentions
Another reason for the failure of good intentions are often portable imprecise targets. How do people want to eat healthier if you defibrillator do not even know what that means exactly? It is better, for example, make, an apple each morning, afternoon and evening, a banana, two tomatoes is portable to eat. This is a concrete action that can lead to the desired goal to eat more healthily. Health-formulate their goals in concrete defibrillator terms. Likewise, it is not enough to want to move more. Instead, look for Bewegungswillige of two or three solid days of the week, like jogging portable in which they. Loading times then the weather should not be running one, a "Plan B" be at hand, for example, go swimming defibrillator or play badminton.

Achievable portable defibrillator
Just as important as the actual portable wording of the goals is that they must be reachable on their own. Those who argue with his partner defibrillator and his partner would like less or more time with him / her want to spend, does not reach alone and without the will of the other. Because it takes two. The desire to portable avoid stress is unrealistic. The stressed-out employees are not relaxed defibrillator from 1 January better suddenly. What he can change, however, is his handling of stressful situations. Thus, the manager, for example, on the way home from work and take a long walk defibrillator off there ". Once home, the stress should be dropped and relaxation occur gradually. In his free time, the Stressed busy with something that does him good and pleasure. This portable may be reading a book, like the cinema with friends or the insertion of the favorite CD.

Defibrillator's History

Portable defibrillator by electrical shock, which dates from 1788 when the first attempt resuscitation, and how the concept, but of course beer. Rhythm diseases responsible for sudden death in 1849, was Ludwig and Hoffa and the period of fibrillation is suspected by the French made in 1874 by Edme Vulpian.

In 1899, we can and with an electric shock ventricular fibrillation go, can not remember the last team standing.

In late 1940, Carl Wiggers first system tests on animals.
Claude Beck in 1947 on his heart during surgery, the first of alternating current defibrillation was a success. Naum Gurvich in 1939 proved that Portable defibrillator the use of DC is more efficient and less dangerous. This technique common in the USSR than in Western countries, only a few decades later will be used. Biphasic shock also require testing. Since 1952, this and the first external defibrillator designs.

In 1959 Bernard Lown performs the first shock for the reduction of atrial fibrillation. He will be introduced by the current Western defibrillation technique, used today.
The first external pacemaker in 1960 in Paris, was built at a Defibrillator. Meanwhile, Bernard Lown, or ventricular fibrillation, ventricular tachycardia (defibrillator used to treat the first) is.

In 1966, an ambulance palc adjustable Portable defibrillator and portable systems outside the hospital were produced. Early models, about 70 kg, but soon progs with miniaturization days below 5 kg.

Portable Defibrillator And Manuel Defibrillator History

Defibrillator is a device used to give electric shock, portable defibrillator, to make the heart beat back to the person who suffered cardiac arrest, such as ventricular fibrillation or ventrikeltachykardi (common forms of arrhythmia).

Manual defibrillators found only in hospitals or ambulances, and there are those we are accustomed to seeing in films and portable defibrillator television programs, which loaded and fired the charge of a trained person, nurse or doctor via the so-called paddles. Paddles placed over the patient's heart in the chest and the voltage can be set manually for the desired effect.
Semi-automatic defibrillators are now on the other hand, more and more places in the community, they provide spoken instructions and can be used by the majority regardless of previous knowledge. Typically, the housing portable defibrillator of the defibrillator are pictograms that guides and helps to ensure that everyone can use it. When it started since the defibrillator gives spoken instructions and exhortations that helps to properly perform defibrillation. You then connect the electrodes to the chest suffered as shown on the defibrillator and those passing through an electric shock through the heart to try to get it beating normally again.

There are a number of security portable defibrillator software in the defibrillator that does not allow the electric shock is given if the patient is unconscious and has suffered a cardiac arrest. Only if the defibrillator detects a ventricular fibrillation or ventrikeltachykardi is delivering on an electric shock. The time to first defibrillation is crucial for the survival chance for cardiac arrest, according to the Swedish Council for CPR decreases survival chances by 10% for each idle minute. Ideally, defibrillation within three minutes. Semi-automatic defibrillators should not be used on children under one year and preferably portable defibrillator with reduction device for children between one and eight years of age. For children, there are specific defibrillators or electrode plates when working with less voltage then tailored to a child's body mass.

Manual defibrillators
DC shock delivered from a capacitor in the external defibrillator and this must be recharged just before the DC shock should be given. The external power conversion capacitor can be charged as high as 7500 volts. The amount of portable defibrillator energy that emit specify in Joules (J, 1 J = 1 WAS (watt seconds)), and this energy release in approx. 5 ms. In the shock arises only capacitor in the defibrillator that is connected to the electrodes and the patient so that the damage to the electronics of the defibrillator avoided.

Defibrillator is used always by portable defibrillator ventricular fibrillation. It is very important to give DC shock as quickly as possible with witnessed cardiac arrest due to ventricular fibrillation, because the previous one does the better the chance to convert the arrhythmia. Recent research shows that the circulatory failure that has lasted for more than five minutes, it would be beneficial to engage in cardiovascular resuscitation (CPR) for a period first. In the recent past has biphasic defibrilatorer become more common. This means that the machine shall submit two shocks, one in each direction between the electrodes, to ensure a complete discharge of the heart.

Semi-automatic defibrillators
Semi-automatic defibrillators (Eng: Automatic External Defibrillator (AED)) are modern machines that are programmed to detect the two common forms of shock only arrhythmia, ventricular fibrillation and ventrikkeltachychardi. The portable defibrillator operators of these machines need not be health professionals, and delegation issued by the administrator physician on the basis of approved courses with NRR-approved instructor. The operator need only turn on the defibrillator, attach electrodes correct the patient's chest so the machine will analyze the heart rhythm and give instructions about what to do. If the machine is recommended shock will charge kapasitatoren and voice and light signals tell the operator portable defibrillator that the machine is ready to give shocks. The operator must press the button to submit a shock, this in order to prevent others in contact with the patient when the shock emitted, and to prevent errors indicated shock. They typically emit 180 Joule, and can seldom be charged to more than 2300 volts.

Such systems are increasingly deployed in hotels, shopping centers, transport hubs and the like, and personnel work at the appropriate places taught the use of these. The hope is that this long term, to reduce sudden death from cardiac arrest.

Fully automatic defibrillators
Fully automatic defibrillators both analyze, portable defibrillator charge and capture shocks without any user interaction than the operator must connect the electrodes and turn on the appliance. There are limitations no clinical studies that indicate that such defibrillators are neither more nor less effective than the semi-automatic. However, there is consensus (Guidelines 2005) that such machines should not be used outside of portable defibrillator health care until further studies, and authoritative opinions about the safety of those present. There is the potential that such defibrillators can ensure faster delivery of the first shock, but you lose the user control you have with the semi-automatic.

Internal defibrillator (ICD)
For patients with heart disease or Congenital heart defects may be a solution to be operated in a fully automatic defibrillator. More and more portable defibrillator Norwegians are implanted defibrillator. Defibrillator can send indispensable electric shock when the heart stops and is a very effective way to prevent sudden death.

Defibrillator box, which is longer and thinner than a matchbox, attached to the heart via an electrode in blood vessel. Patients receive local anesthesia during the operation, sometimes a general anesthetic. The procedure takes portable defibrillator an hour, and the patient can usually discharged the next day. A small computer in the implanted box analyzes the heart rhythm continuously, and is prepared to intervene if necessary.

In the case of heart running amok (ventrikkeltachycardi), sends out an electric shock of approx. 32 joules. If the heart stops completely (ventricular fibrillation), it sends also a shock of 32 joules and can act as a pacemaker. Heart portable defibrillator activity and any intervention from the defibrillator is always recorded so that the cardiologist can read this at the next consultation.

Defibrillation On The Portable Defibrillator

Should patients over an only portable defibrillator temporarily existing, elevated risk are protected for life-threatening, rapid heart rhythm disturbances, for example, before implantation of an ICD or CRT-D, they can be protected) by a defibrillator vest (wearable cardioverter-defibrillator, WCD. This is in addition to existing Tachyarrhythmierisiko with unknown sequence or persistent risk to bridge a period in which the patient is inoperable, apply.

The WCD is a therapeutic device, which consists essentially of two components. The right has on the skin of the upper body electrode belt to be worn four ECG electrodes and three electrode therapy. The cable transmits two ECG leads for cardiac rhythm monitoring on a monitor device, the actual defibrillator.

Upon detection of a malignant arrhythmia fast portable defibrillator the device automatically starts the treatment mode. This is visually, acoustically and through a vibration alarm signals directly to the patient and the environment. Responds the patient because no loss of consciousness, the necessary treatment procedure is performed automatically by the defibrillator vest.
In the unconscious patient is in the rear and below the left breast sedentary life-saving shock therapy to the electrodes. This is on account of loss of consciousness for the patient and thus do not appreciably painless.

Unless portable defibrillator the patient during therapy alarm is still conscious, he suppressed by means of two response keys a shock. In a later loss of consciousness, he can not press more buttons, the reaction and the device then continues the treatment mode to saving electric shock.
Stops the fast rhythm disorder by itself, the WCD terminated automatically after normal ECG signal is detected the treatment process.
All critical rhythm events are stored in the monitor by the attending physician and are available on an Internet database.

The city of Amsterdam has also made defective defibrillator a similar study: the areas covered were alternately
experimental area: firefighters and police officers were equipped with DSA (1063 policemen and 586 firemen trained), and were activated one minute after the ambulance paramedic (due to the time of transmission of information);

control zone: normal intervention procedure, only one ambulance was sent paramédicalisée.
In approximately 66% of cases of cardiac arrest occurred before witnesses (469 cases in total), the victim was in ventricular fibrillation on arrival of the DSA. The integration of DSA in vehicles of firefighters and police helped to shorten the response time of 1 minute 40 seconds (time between cardiac arrest and delivery of shock). The public access defibrillator time of implementation of DSA was about 2 ½ minutes for both groups (time between arrival and the issuance of the first shock). In both groups, 44% of patients who received the shock in less than 5 minutes have survived, which shows the importance of early defibrillation.

However, if the rate of recovery of spontaneous cardiac activity was better in the experiment group, the survival rate after hospital stay was almost the same. This is mainly attributed to the low gain of recorded time, especially due to the time portable defibrillator of transmission of information.

Portable Defibrillator Description

The Portable defibrillator is usually composed of the following:
carrying case;

a pair of scissors to cut clothing that might interfere with the installation of electrodes;
a disposable razor to remove hair from people with high hair and get a better contact and better adhesion between skin and electrode;

Portable defibrillator disposable towels to remove hair shaved or wipe the victim in the case of a drowning example;
one or more patches adults and children. These self-adhesive electrodes are placed on the chest of the victim and used to analyze the heart rhythm and, if necessary to get a shock;
one or more batteries. The defibrillator ready contains a battery already in place, but the emergency services have in store for if they should link together multiple interventions;
the housing receiving the defibrillator batteries. On him that connects the electrodes. It is equipped with a loudspeaker to guide the user through voice instructions.

The camera settings are locked, the only possible actions are turn on and off, and deliver shock if the device requests (in the case of a semi-automatic defibrillator).

The device has a memory card type flash memory recording the operating parameters: electrocardiogram (analysis of heart rate), the sequences of defibrillation (the number of shocks), and for some models with ambient sounds the voice of the rescuers. The recorded data will conduct a retrospective analysis of the situation, providing both information from the medical service on the therapeutic process to be undertaken and the monitoring of equipment monitoring and forensic provisions.

There are two types of devices:
Semi-automatic defibrillator (DSA): the rescuer must press a button and the device delivers the shock and can therefore ensure that nobody touches the victim before allowing the device to deliver the shock. The risk of injury to the rescuer is negligible, but the victim does not benefit from the shock.

Fully automatic defibrillator (AED, not to be confused with DAE: automated external defibrillator): the camera decides to deliver the shock after, only for security, voice-prompted asking not to touch the victim prior to the issuance of the shock. The procedure is simplified, so defibrillators available to the general public are generally of AEDs.

Whatever the type of aircraft, the analysis of heart rate and diagnosis are automatic versus manual defibrillators used by doctors. The machine does to shock if the heart activity of the victim is justified, because it must stop cardio-pulmonary resuscitation for shock. If the heart of the victim does not have a shockable rhythm, the Portable defibrillator indicates that no shock is indicated and thus continues the rescuer cardiopulmonary resuscitation, which gives better chances of survival for the victim.

Instructions for Using Portable Defibrillator






Information for Portable Defibrillator

To achieve the earliest possible portable defibrillation, increasingly publicly accessible defibrillators (public access defibrillators are used PADs), as shopping malls, airports, train stations, banks and other public buildings. Benefits the purchaser of which is currently declining.

Portable Defibrillator Usually the AEDs at information desks, boxes, etc. located in Porter, so once qualified personnel is available. Freely accessible defibrillators attached (similar to the installation of fire extinguishers) may be associated with an alarm system to automatically call a trained assistant or prevent thefts.

In the American space AEDs portable defibrillator are very widespread, portable defibrillator but also in Europe is a clear trend to recognize PADs. In Germany, AEDs are, for example in the Munich subway stations, at major airports and in public institutions (for example, in the state parliament of North Rhine-Westphalia, in the land registry offices in Rheinland-Pfalz) available. All major German aid organizations also promote the increased purchase and installation of PADs. This trend is also defibrillator observed in neighboring Austria, Switzerland and Luxembourg.

Legal Situation
Portable Defibrillator The use of an automated external defibrillator (AED) by laypersons as part of first aid is a legally safe. If an AED kept in a first-responder system, in the ambulance or rescue services and also used is to note for the user to access the Medical Devices Act (MPG) and the Medical Devices Operator Ordinance (MPBetreibV) - ie trained staff must be appropriately and also be trained. In general, however for the real thing: a failure to assist portable defibrillator is in Germany (according to § 323C StGB) is a crime.

Portable Defibrillator Construction

In principle, a portable defibrillator consists of a battery, a DC / DC converter, a capacitor, an output circuit and a control unit. Since the voltage of the battery for an electric shock is too small to be fitted with the aid of a DC / DC converter generates portable defibrillator a higher voltage, the capacitor is charged to a previously set energy. By pressing a button gives the capacitor's stored energy, about 200 to 360 joules, from the patient. The voltage is 750 volts and is located at 1 to 20 milliseconds. The current is reached, assuming an average body resistance is 50 ohms up to about 15 amperes. The necessary is capacitor has a capacity of about 1,000 nF.

This energy is delivered through large electrodes, which are either pressed with the hands on the chest of the patient (the so-called "paddles") or be glued to the chest ("adhesive electrodes" or "fast patch"). Especially for publicly accessible portable defibrillators ("PAD" public access defibrillator) - are to simplify operation and reduce the risk of electric shock to the user - virtually only used adhesive electrodes.
For use with open chest (during surgery), there are versions with spoon electrodes which are applied directly to the heart muscle.

The output circuit provides for the portable generation of certain pulse shapes. The controller controls the charging of the capacitor, and directs the output circuit also ensures that is discharged in the absence portable defibrillator of shock delivery, the capacitor has an internal resistance (circuit protection).

Modern biphasic defibrillators work. This means that is emitted from the output stage is not only a shock, but that will be delivered by voltage transitions at the paddles and shocks in the opposite direction. Modern portable defibrillators measure before the release of energy the body resistance (impedance) of the patient by means of electrodes glued and adjust current and voltage is applied to this resistance. Slim, small patients with low impedance receive less power than, for example, obese, large patients. In international guidelines for defibrillation is now specified that portable defibrillators are to deliver an equal height or higher energy than monophasic devices. There is now also an evidence that escalating energy levels are more effective than the same energy taxes to the patient.

Defective Defibrillator

A key factor for the process of Defective Defibrillator is effective is that the same be done very quickly. An explicit example of this concept is what happens daily in the city of Chicago. The survival rate in the city of Chicago is equal to that of any portable defibrillator city in the world equipped with defibrillators. Instead O'Hare International Airport in the same city is equipped with several totems, are vertical structures equipped defective with defibrillators, but also accompanied by video or graphical charts that teach the use of the device.

The survival rate in this site is very high, 54% and reaches 73% if you are defibrillated Defective Defibrillator within three minutes [citation needed]. Therefore often a defibrillator is not enough, it happened often that you forget where you are located when needed, the minutes ticking, the totems have proven effective immediately identify the defibrillator and to help remember portable defibrillator its use.

Public Access Defibrillator






Cardioversion Defibrillator

Resuscitation electrodes are placed according Cardioversion Defibrillator to one of two plans. Front-back plan (conf. picture) for long-term electrode placement scheme is preferred. Heart of an electrode in the left portable defibrillator anterior precordium (chest at the bottom, above) is located. The other electrode on the back, behind heart is in the region between the scapula. This is the best non-invasive pacing is preferred because this Cardioversion Defibrillator placement.

Anterior-apex scheme front-back plan when it is inappropriate or unnecessary can be used. In this scheme, in the portable defibrillator right clavicle in the anterior electrodes, are placed. Apex electrode into the patient's left side, below and are left pectoral Cardioversion Defibrillator muscle. In this order for defibrillation and cardioversion, as well as working for an ECG monitor.

Monophasic Defibrillator

The new type of resuscitation electrode Monophasic Defibrillator is designed as an adhesive pad. These ridges are separated and applied to the patient's chest must be counted the same as many other labels. These electrodes are then connected to a Monophasic Defibrillator. defibrillation, if necessary, machinery, portable defibrillator and is charged shock, or any need to apply gel to take place without any shovels are delivered. The sticky pads on the units in the automatic and semi-automated and completely non-hospital environments slowly paddles.

Both solid and wet-gel adhesive electrodes are available. After removing the electrodes do not need to clean the skin of the patient because the solid-gel electrodes are more appropriate. However, the use of Monophasic Defibrillator electrodes, solid gel during the wet-gel electrodes more evenly conduct electricity into the body has portable defibrillator been offered a higher risk of burns.

Lifepack Defibrillator

In a hospital, usually pads for shovels, Lifepack Defibrillator can be placed with them and used the natural portable defibrillator rate is preferred because. During this critical cardiac arrest, every second, the texture loss means nonperfusion. accordance with their paddles ECG artifact can be seen without human intervention to provide follow, however, cardiac arrest, which was placed in doubt if there are patches on prophalacticaly. Adhesive electrodes were delivered to the operator that they shock the patient and the physical (and therefore power) to minimize the risk of contact with nature, such as defibrillator paddles for the operator to use Lifepack Defibrillator a more secure by the operator let stand a few feet away. Remain in place and deliver the appropriate shock adhesives require no power, but the shock paddles when submitting patches applied force requires approximately 25 pounds...

Medtronics Defibrillator

Medtronics defibrillator can produce dramatic improvements quickly the patient's health, such as devices, defibrillators often film, television, video games are portrayed in the media and other fictional. Their function, portable defibrillator but often exaggerated, Medtronics defibrillator, inducing sudden, violent shaking or seizures by patients, in fact, although the contract may be safe, it is very rare to have such a dramatic presenting patients. Similarly, medical services often a "straight line" ECG rhythm (also known as asystole) is described defibrillating patients, this is not done in real life. Only ventricular fibrillation and pulseless ventricular tachycardia cardiac arrest rhythms are normally defibrillated. (Also, "When patients with ventricular tachycardia, supraventricular tachycardia, and generates a pulse, such as cardiac arrest, shock may not have a few heart beats, this procedure is not as cardioversion, defibrillation is unknown.)

Up until the 1990s, Australia was portable defibrillator relatively rare for an ambulance to carry the Medtronics defibrillator. Kerry Packer in 1990, Australian media that the king had a heart attack and luck has changed after the urine, the answer to call an ambulance carrying a defibrillator. After recovering, Kerry Packer, New South Wales Ambulance Service of New South Wales in order that all ambulances equipped with Medtronics defibrillators in Australia, why are called colloquially need with a personal Medtronics defibrillator, donated a large amount of "Packer Whackers".

Philips Heartstart Defibrillator - Philips Defibrillator



Electrocardiogram with ventricular tachycardia.

Defibrillator (philips heart start defibrillator)

Holter (philips heartstart defibrillators)

Home Defibrillator Cost

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Automatic Defibrillator Price

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Biphasic Defibrillator Joules



Implantable Cardiac Defibrillator Cost

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