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diagram of arteries in human body

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From Wikipedia

Human body


Size, type and proportion




Cardiovascular system


Digestive system


Integumentary system


Lymphatic system


Musculoskeletal system



An adult human has approximately 206 distinct bones:

Spine and vertebral column (26)
Cranium (8)
Face (14)
Hyoid bone, sternum and ribs (26)
Upper extremities (70)
Lower extremities (62)

Nervous system


Human heart

The human heart is a muscular organ that provides a continuous bloodcirculation through the cardiac cycle and is one of the most vital organs in the human body. The heart is an organ but made up of a collection of different tissues. It is divided into four main chambers: the two upper chambers are called the left and right atria and two lower chambers are called the right and left ventricles.There is a thick wall of muscle separating the right side and the left side of the heart called the septum. Normally with each beat the right ventricle pumps the same amount of blood into the lungs that the left ventricle pumps out into the body. Physicians commonly refer to the right atrium and right ventricle together as the right heart and to the left atrium and ventricle as the left heart.

The electric energy that stimulates the heart occurs in the sinoatrial node, which produces a definite potential and then discharges, sending an impulse across the atria. In the atria the electrical signal move from cell to cell while in the ventricles the signal is carried by specialized tissue called the Purkinje fibers which then transmit the electric charge to the myocardium



The human heart has a mass of between 250 and 350&nbsp;grams and is about the size of a fist.

It is enclosed in a double-walled protective sac called the pericardium. The superficial part of this sac is called the fibrous pericardium. This sac protects the heart, anchors its surrounding structures, and prevents overfilling of the heart with blood.



The pathways of blood through the human heart are part of the pulmonary and systemic circuits. These pathways include the tricuspid valve, the mitral valve, the aortic valve, and the pulmonary valve. The mitral and tricuspid valves are classified as the atrioventricular (AV) valves. This is because they are found between the atria and ventricles. The aortic and pulmonary semi-lunar valves separate the left and right ventricle from the pulmonary artery and the aorta respectively. These valves are attached to the chordae tendinae (literally the heartstrings), which anchors the valves to the papilla muscles of the heart.

The interatrioventricular septum separates the left atrium and ventricle from the right atrium and ventricle, dividing the heart into two functionally separate and anatomically distinct units.


Blood flows through the heart in one direction, from the atria to the ventricles, and out of the great arteries, or the aorta for example. Blood is prevented from flowing backwards by the tricuspid,bicuspid, aortic, and pulmonary valve.

The heart acts as a double pump. The function of the right side of the heart (see right heart) is to collect de-oxygenated blood, in the right atrium, from the body (via superior and inferior vena cavae) and pump it, via the right ventricle, into the lungs (pulmonary circulation) so that carbon dioxide can be dropped off and oxygen picked up (gas exchange). This happens through the passive process of diffusion.



Starting in the right atrium, the blood flows through the tricuspid valve to the right ventricle. Here, it is pumped out of the pulmonary semilunar valve and travels through the pulmonary artery to the lungs. From there, blood flows back through the pulmonary vein to the left atrium. It then travels through the mitral valve to the left ventricle, from where it is pumped through the aortic semilunar valve to the aorta and to the rest of the body. The (relatively) deoxygenated blood finally returns to the heart through the inferior vena cava and From Yahoo Answers

Question:Can someone please give me a detailed description of the process of blood flow through the arteries throughout the entire body for my A&P II class? Some of these diagrams are confusing me and I would like to hear it in 'people's terms'. I would greatly appreciate any help. Thanks! Thank you guys so much for the answers. It really helped me A LOT! :)

Answers:Is it just for the arteries? I will try to sum it up in a nutshell (in my own words) Arteries are a type of blood vessel, one of the 5. They are also the largest, and the largest blood vessel is the Aorta. The red blood cells in the blood consist of 55% blood plasma, which contain salts, gases (oxygen from the lungs, C02 from cellular respiration), water, nutrients, and hormones. the 45% is formed elements (red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets). Red blood cells contain Hemoglobin, which is useful in the respiratory system. White blood cells fight infections, through phagocytosis (engulfing bacteria), and platelets, which help in the formation of blood clotting, so healing wounds. Plasma proteins are very important in the composition of blood, because they are too big to pass through walls of blood vessels, so they exert osmotic pressure, which will make sense in what I am going to explain later. I am going to be as descriptive as I can in my own words, cause I am not sure what you do or do not get. Anyways, before ANY blood flow can happen, the heart has to distribute the blood. This is how - In the right atrium of the heart, there is an SA node, and an AV node. The medulla oblongata sends an impulse to the SA node, it contracts first, and sends an impulse to the AV node (in the right ventricle), which contracts secondly, and from there, an impulse gets sent to the Purkinje Fibers of the heart, to get the actual ventricles to contract. This is why you don't have to think about beating every second or so for your heart. The Systemic System (where blood is distributed throughout the entire body, in arteries and veins), is where Dirty, de-oxygenated, unrich (has poor amounts of nutrients) blood comes into the pulmonary system (the heart). What happens here is from the veins throughout the body, they are carrying this type of blood (deoxygenated) to the heart, via the posterior vena cava, or the anterior vena cava (top part of the heart, and bottom part). From here, they go through the right atrium, down to the left atrium through the AV valve (which prevents the blood from inverting to a previous heart chamber), From the left atrium, the blood goes through the pulmonary trunk, and gets there by the Semi-Lunar Valve (same function as the AV valve), and eventually branches out into the pulmonary arteries. ***The pulmonary arteries take the unclean, deoxygenated, unrich blood to the lungs, where there are capillaries, and gas exchange occurs so the red blood cells are able to pick up nutrients such as oxygen. Once the blood is oxygenated, clean, and rich in nutrients, they travel back to the left atrium, via the pulmonary veins. From here, there is an AV valve that separates the atrium from the ventricle yet again, to prevent inversion of the blood. *******From the left atrium, the blood is pumped out to the Aorta (the largest blood vessel / artery in the human body)******** Arteries undergo the highest blood pressure, so the Aorta, undergoing extreme measures of blood pressure, strongly pumps out blood to the entire body. Here is where we get into it. As blood is flowing through various arteries (and veins going back to the heart), they go through capillaries, where gas-exchange occurs. This is where cells pick up the oxygen required for cellular respiration, which is a cell's form of ATP, as well as other nutrients. The cells also give out their wastes from it (02 + glucose ---------> C02 + H20 + Energy). Capillaries are one cell thick, which is a great reason why diffusion of the gases occurs so well. Diffusion is the movement of molecules from a higher to a lower concentration. It doesn't require ATP, because its going from HIGH to LOW, if you think of it that way, down a concentration gradient. Active transport, on the other hand, requires ATP, since it is going from a lower to higher concentration. Capillaries are the site for exchange of nutrients, gases, and wastes between the tissues and the circulatory system. On a side note - Before reaching capillaries, arteries branch off into arterioles, which are a branch of arteries, and blood flow slows down. In the arteries (right before hitting the arterioles) the blood pressure is higher then the osmotic pressure (BP > OP), so H20 leaves the blood plasma. After the arterioles, and finally hitting the capillaries, there is an equal net force between blood pressure, and osmotic pressure. In the capillaries, as mentioned before, the cells pick up oxygen, and they give C02 to the blood (hence why the blood loses nutrients, and becomes deoxygenated, since C02 creates that). After the capillaries, they reach venules, and veins (OP > BP). In the veins, the osmotic pressure is higher then the blood pressure, so H20 comes into the blood plasma. There are major arteries in the body which are ALL supplying oxygenated blood - there is the Subclavian artery (which supplies blood from the aorta to both arms), Iliac Artery (which supplie

Question:i want to know complete body system. e.g where heart, lungs located etc.. with brain and veins i didn't find any website and diagram here. nt in innerbody.com i found many diagrams but not a complete system and organs in a one diagram

Answers:http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cSOVNSEcKIE this has a diagram

Question:Oils and Waxes on the human skin help to A. Remove excess salts from cells B Reduce water loss from the evaporation C Increase active transport between cells D Carry oxygen through the cell membrane The net result of the kidneys' activities is A nitrogenous wastes are removed from the blood as urea B blood pressure is partially regulated C Water-salt balances and blood pH are regulated D All of the above Exchange of nutrients occurs between fluid and cells. This statement is a reasonable description of A An open circulatory system B a closed circulatory system C both open and closed circulatory systems D Neither open nor closed circulatory systems Many capillaries are found A in the lungs only B in the brain only C in the brain, heart, and lungs only D through out all organs Much of the fluid that leaks into the body tissues returns to the circulatory system via A arteries B veins C heart D lymph vessels

Answers:B D A D D



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