Parliament narrowly adopted a bill recognizing the famine in 1932 and 1933 as an act of genocide by the Soviet Union against the Ukrainian people. President Viktor A. Yushchenko pushed for the bill, but deputies rejected his version and an alternative by his opponents, led by Prime Minister Viktor F. Yanukovich, who argued that the mass collectivization of farms ordered by Stalin, which resulted in the deaths of millions, had not specifically targeted Ukrainians and that the recognition would strain relations with Russia. The final bill was a compromise. It passed by a vote of 233 to 1; the rest of the 450 deputies did not vote, according to news reports. STEVEN LEE MYERS