Shop Essentials (Applied Mathematics) Training

Class Information
Class Name:Statistics 220
Description:This class covers the main concepts of statistics and relates these concepts to shop situations.
Number of Lessons:18
Language:English, Spanish, Chinese
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Class Outline
  • Objectives
  • What Is Statistics?
  • What Is Variation?
  • Natural vs. Unnatural Variation
  • Why Use Statistics?
  • Probability and Sampling
  • Mean
  • Types of Mean
  • Median and Mode
  • The Histogram
  • The Bell-Shaped Curve
  • Types of Bell-Shaped Curves
  • Range
  • Standard Deviation
  • Standard Deviation and the Bell-Shaped Curve
  • Standard Deviation: An Example
  • Random Sampling
  • Summary
Class Objectives
  • Define statistics.
  • Explain how variation appears in a shop.
  • Distinguish between natural and unnatural variation.
  • Describe common uses for statistics.
  • Define probability.
  • Calculate the mean for a set of numbers.
  • Distinguish between a population mean and sample mean.
  • Calculate the median for a set of numbers.
  • Calculate the mode for a set of numbers.
  • Describe the information contained in a histogram.
  • Describe the appearance of a bell-shaped curve.
  • Describe how the shape of a bell-shaped curve represents numerical data.
  • Explain the method for calculating the range.
  • Describe how standard deviation represents numerical data.
  • Describe how standard deviation appears on the bell-shaped curve.
  • Describe how standard deviation relates to probability.
  • Describe how random sampling generates numerical data.

Class Vocabulary

Vocabulary TermDefinition
bell-shaped curve A common type of histogram characterized by a high center, tapered sides, and bell-flared edges. A bell-shaped curve reflects conditions that exhibit natural variation.
data A collection of numbers or facts that is used as a basis for making conclusions.
fraction A numerical expression representing a part of a larger whole. A fraction can be converted to a decimal by dividing the upper number, or numerator, by the lower number, or denominator.
histogram A visual graph that shows the frequency of a range of variables.
horizontal scale The portion of a histogram that lists the range of variables.
mean The average of a numerical set. It is found by dividing the sum of a set of numbers by the number of members in the group.
median The value of a numerical set that equally divides the number of values that are larger and smaller. For example, in a set containing nine numbers, the median would be the fifth number.
mode The value of a numerical set that appears with the greatest frequency.
natural variation Variation resulting from sources that are normal and expected. Natural variation is predictable over time.
percentage A numerical expression that includes a percent sign, with 100 assumed as the denominator.
population mean The mean of a numerical set that includes all the numbers within the entire group.
random sampling The process of collecting and analyzing only a small representative portion of a larger group. Each item must have the same likelihood of being selected.
ratio A numerical expression representing a part of a larger whole or proportion. A ratio consists of two numbers separated by a colon.
sample mean A mean of a numerical set that includes an average of only a portion of the numbers within a group.
variation A difference between two or more similar things.
vertical scale The portion of a histogram that indicates the frequency of each variable.