Postoperative complications of breast cancer

Breast cancer surgery are superficial surgery, but because a wider range of surgery, trauma larger, so also can arise from a variety of postoperative complications. What are the complications of breast cancer in the end? As follows:
Bleeding complications of breast cancer, tumor resection or the line after curative resection, the boom may have such complications. Bleeding often causes: 1, intraoperative bleeding has not completely left bleeding liquidity; 2, after application of continuous negative pressure due to drainage, postural changes or severe coughing and other reasons, so that coagulation of the blood clot, or ligation of the silk thread off slip, resulting in drainage bleeding; 3, preoperative chemotherapy or hormone drugs oozing from the wound easily.
Effusion refers to the flap and the chest wall or axilla is not close to the flap caused by the liquid will carry the wound. It is also one of postoperative complications of breast cancer. Common reasons are: 1, poor drainage, so that in time the wound exudate can lead to the bedding; 2, the wound clot formation in blood coagulation, can not be drained liquid after the formation of effusion; 3, lymph node dissection of fat near the axillary vein , some minor damage but not ligation of lymphatic vessels, the formation of effusion with poor drainage, generally occurs in the axillary lateral; 4, electric knife dissection axillary vein occurs when fluid than the chance to use the scalpel, probably electrocautery on wound healing to a certain extent, and by the small electrocautery dissection of the lymph vessels after being blocked, and another opening in the suction caused by effusion after; 5, in addition flap cage tension is too difficult to cover the wound Ambassador and the early removal of drainage tubes, also have a certain relationship.
Flap necrosis is also a breast cancer complications. Because of skin graft necrosis, delayed healing, may affect the subsequent treatment. Radical mastectomy more often required removal of the skin, coupled with the scope of the separation of large flap, flap dissection too thin or uneven thickness, will influence the destruction of the dermis flap capillary blood supply; or flap suture tension is too large, wound fluid, it will also lead to flap necrosis; sometimes improper use of electric knife manipulation, resulting in local skin burns or coagulation of vascular thrombosis, also easily lead to flap necrosis. 24 hours after flap necrosis that usually see, ischemic skin pale, and gradually was purple, edema, a small surface blisters. 3 ~ 7 days to gradually clear the boundaries of necrotic areas, the skin color was xuan hard callus was gradually shaped.
Upper extremity edema after radical mastectomy, because the upper back by the lymphatic and blood disorders, can lead to upper extremity edema. The incidence of upper extremity edema various reports from 5% to 40%, and in recent years, the incidence rate of severe upper extremity edema decreased significantly, no more than 5%. Reflux disorder causing severe upper limb reasons: 1, axillary dissection improper collateral damage to the local transmigration. In the past to the lymph fat near the axillary vein anatomy, and often the axillary sheath will be removed at the same time also affect the operation of the lymphatic flow, and thus if no surgery was significantly enlarged lymph nodes, blood vessels may axillary sheath will call in addition. In fact violations of axillary lymph nodes if axillary sheath, often have non-radical surgery can fully meet the purpose; 2, axillary have fluid or infection, causing local congestion, fibrosis, scar formation prevents the establishment of a collateral reincarnation; 3, postoperative supraclavicular, and axillary areas under the district's local edema caused by radiation therapy, connective tissue proliferation, followed by local fibrosis caused by edema.
Limb and hand muscle atrophy often due to surgery or sheath caused by brachial plexus injury, commonly a hypothenar muscle atrophy.
Many complications of breast cancer patients and their families should pay special attention.