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yadusha balaraj

on 8 January 2014

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Transcript of Portugal

Washboard cookies
Culture of Portuguese Cuisine
Portugal is located in south-western Europe.
Surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean on the West and South.
Bordered by spain on the East and North.
The name of Portugal has a long line of ancestors.
It's first name was
Portus Cale
, a Latin name meaning "Port of Cale" or Port or Harbour.
Later it turned into
Finally it got it's current name
Portugal's name
Portugal's Independance
Portugal was first a self-governing territory ruled by Count Henry of Burgandy and his son, Alfonso.
In 1139 it was separated as a nation.
Soon after the death of a king with no heirs in 1580 Portugal was basically handed over to Spain because of the weakened state it was in; causing it lose it's independance.
In 1640 Portugal regained it's independance.
The Moors and the Reconquista
The moors were the medieval muslim inhabitants from morocco.
They had invaded the Iberian Peninsula in 711 and named a territory Al-Andulus.
This territory included parts of Portugal, Spain, and France.
The muslim traditions of the Moors clashed with the christian culture of Europe which lead to the reconquista.
Reconquista was a 770 year fight for the Iberian Peninsula.
The fall of Granada marked the end of the Muslim rule in Iberia in 1492.

Original Recipe
This was the period when the romans invaded Portugal. The first invasion was in 219 BCE when they first invaded southern Portugal. Soon after they fought the rebellion of the Lusitanians in the north and within 200 years almost the enitre peninsula was under the control of the Romans. The Romans however were defeated by tribes of germanic people in 378 during the Battle of Adrianople.
Afonso |
Afonso was the
first known King of
He was born to the
Count of Portugal, Henry of Burgundy and Princess Teressa of Leon.
He was proclaimed King in 1139.
He had been known as Afonso
the Conquerer as he had conquered Santarém and Lisbon from the moors and the independance of Portugal from Leon.
Portugal portrays a large variety of civilization in it's history. Only two are listed below however, Portugal's culture today is blend of prehistoric cultures to it's Pre-roman civilization to it's complete Romanization, to Visigoth, to Germanic invasions, all the way to the Moors Invasion. All these dramatic changes contribute to the unique portuguese culture we see today. There is a blend of these cultures seen everywhere in modern day Portugal going from Architecture to their Art and is the same in their foods.
Portugal Today
Portuguese Cuisine has many Mediterranean influences and also african, indian and the far east. Southern Portugal also has Arab and Moorish influences. They use many herbs and spices in their cooking however they keep it very simple.

The portuguese usually have three meals a day; breakfast, lunch, and dinner.
The portuguese enjoy bread, butter, ham and cheese for breakfast.
They also enjoy fruit preservatives, sweet pastries, or cereal with milk/yogurt and fruit.
Lunch (Biggest meal of the day)
Served at around 12- 2:00 pm or 1-3:00 pm.
Served after 8:00pm.
Three main courses are served with both lunch and dinner. Starting with soup, then maincourse, then dessert.
Most families own their own farms.
Portugal produces a wide variety or crops due to it's topographic conditions. The main crops grown are potatoes, grapes, tomatoes, olives and cereals such as rice and corn.
Portugal is one of the biggest producers of wine, as it's known for it's great quality and variety in wine such as Port wine one of Portugal's classics.
Portugal is also home to a large fishing industry. Sardines, Anchovies, Tuna and species of codfish are all large contributors of food supplies and international exports.
Beef and Pork are the main livestock grown in Portugal.

Food safety Issues
Portugal's food is known for being pretty safe thanks to the simple way they prepare their food, however they have had food safety issues in their past. For example in 2003 a banned chemical called nitrofuran had been illegally used in their poultry.It was first banned because it risked causing cancer from over a long period of use. This chemical was banned from Europe since 1992. Immediate action was taken by The Food and Drugs Board Emmanuel Kyeremateng as they have tried to retrieve the exported poultry products and also alarmed the public not to buy poultry from portugal.
Lavodores or also known as washboard cookies are a traditional Portuguese dessert, and has now been taking all across the world by the portuguese. At first the original recipe had yield 48 servings however I customized the recipe for 35 servings.
Preheat oven to 350°F.
Using an electric mixer, cream the butter and 1 C of the sugar, about 1 minute.
Beat in the eggs, one at a time, blending well after each, until the batter is fluffy and pale yellow, about 2 to 3 minutes.
Stir in grated lemon peel.In a medium bowl, whisk together flour and baking powder.
Using a wooden spoon, fold the flour into the egg batter.
Mix well. Gently knead the dough in the bowl for about 5 minutes.
Place the remaining 1/2 C of sugar in a shallow dish.Shape pieces of dough into 1&1/2 inch balls.
Roll in the sugar and place on parchment-lined or lightly greased cookie sheets, 2 inches apart.
Flatten gently with tines of a fork to make horizontal lines.
Bake for 20 minutes or until a light golden color.

3/8 cup butter, softened
1 1/8 cups sugar, divided
3 eggs
3/4 lemon, grated peel of
3 cups flour, as needed
3/4 tablespoon baking powder

First Time
Roda Dos Alimentos
The first time I put in too much lemon zest in the batter and I forgot to add sugar and softened so it turned out very dry and crumbly.
Salted Fish.
(Portugal's National dish.)
Made with cod, water, and seas salt.
Leitão Assado

Made with pig, potatoes salt, pepper, olive oil, bay leaves, white wine and parsley.
Roast Suckling Pig
Caldo Verde
Made with olive oil, onion, garlic, potatoes, water, sausage, Salt, black pepper, and kale.
Made with water, white rice, egg yolks, milk, sugar, lemon or orange, and Cinnamon powder.
Arroz Doce
Made with garllic, olive oil, cuttlefish, coriander, laurel leaf, hot chilli sauce, salt and parsley.
Choquinhos à Algarvia
A Cuttlefish Dish
Rice Pudding
Many pastries made in the 18th century were first created by nuns. These pastries were sold for an income. This explains the unique names of certain pastries; such as "papos de anjos" (angel's chests) or "toucinho de ceu" (bacon from heaven).

Portuguese believe in clean and healthy practices.
>Even restaurants are not so big on the sauces.
>They will usually prefer providing you boiled potatoes rather than fried ones.
>And food is definitely not served with butter but you can enjoy olive oil.
>The Portuguese will also always cook everything fresh. Nothing is imported in, nor are frozen foods used.
In the winter they have traditional annual slaughtering of swine. In the past this slaughter was crucial for survival, however now the Portuguese continue it as a tradition even though it has been banned in Portugal.

Usually eat with family and friends.
When eating Fish you eat with a special fork, other foods are eaten with regular utensils.
It is polite to leave some food on your plate.
Do not discuss business, and work at the table.
When your done place knife and fork side by side to form a 5:25 position.
'Food of Portugal' by Jean Anderson
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki Agriculture_in_Portugal
The Second Time
I scored the cookies and i made much smaller balls.
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