Tactile corpuscle

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Tactile corpuscle
Blausen 0808 Skin TactileCorpuscle.png
  1. Side view of a papilla of the hand.
    1. Cortical layer.
    2. Tactile corpuscle.
    3. Small nerve of the papilla, with neurolemma.
    4. Its two nervous fibers running with spiral coils around the tactile corpuscle.
    5. Apparent termination of one of these fibers.
  2. A tactile papilla seen from above so as to show its transverse section.
    1. Cortical layer.
    2. Nerve fiber.
    3. Outer layer of the tactile body, with nuclei.
    4. Clear interior substance.
Latin corpusculum tactus
Gray's p.1061
MeSH A08.800.550.700.500
Code TH H3.
Anatomical terminology

Tactile corpuscles (or Meissner's corpuscles) are a type of mechanoreceptor.[1] They are a type of nerve ending in the skin that is responsible for sensitivity to light touch. In particular, they have highest sensitivity (lowest threshold) when sensing vibrations between 10 and 50 Hertz. They are rapidly adaptive receptors. They are most concentrated in thick hairless skin, especially at the finger pads.


They are distributed on various areas of the skin, but concentrated in areas especially sensitive to light touch, such as the fingers and lips.[2][3][4][5][6][7] More particularly, they are primarily located in glabrous skin just beneath the epidermis within the dermal papillae.[8]




Age-related changes[edit]



Tactile corpuscles are rapidly adapting mechanoreceptors. They are sensitive to shape and textural changes in exploratory and discriminatory touch. Their acute sensitivity provides the neural basis for reading Braille text. Because of their superficial location in the dermis, these corpuscles are particularly sensitive to touch and vibrations, but for the same reasons, they are limited in their detection because they can only signal that something is touching the skin.

Any physical deformation in the corpuscle will cause an action potential in the nerve. Since they are rapidly adapting or phasic, the action potentials generated quickly decrease and eventually cease (this is the reason one stops "feeling" one's clothes).


Comparison with other receptors[edit]

Feelings of deep pressure (from a poke, for instance) are generated from lamellar corpuscles(the only other type of phasic tactile mechanoreceptor), which are located deeper in the dermis, and some free nerve endings.

Also, tactile corpuscles do not detect pain; this is signalled exclusively by free nerve endings.



Additional images[edit]


  1. ^ Paré, Michel; Joseph E. Mazurkiewicz; Allan M. Smith; Frank L. Rice (2001-09-15). "The Meissner Corpuscle Revised: A Multiafferented Mechanoreceptor with Nociceptor Immunochemical Properties". The Journal of Neuroscience 21 (18): 7236–46. PMID 11549734. 
  2. ^ Cauna, Nikolajs; Leonard L. Ross (1960-10-01). "The fine structure of meissner's touch corpuscles of human fingers" (PDF). The Journal of Cell Biology 8 (2): 467–82. doi:10.1083/jcb.8.2.467. PMC 2224947. PMID 13691669. Retrieved 2010-05-07. 
  3. ^ Hoffmann, JN; Montag AG; Dominy NJ. (November 2004). "Meissner corpuscles and somatosensory acuity: the prehensile appendages of primates and elephants." (PDF). Anat Rec a Discov Mol Cell Evol Biol.: 1138–47. Retrieved 2010-05-07. 
  4. ^ Bongiorno, Rita Bongiorno; Spyridoula Doukaki; Mario Aricò (2010-01-25). "Neurofibromatosis of the nipple-areolar area: a case series". Journal of Medical Case Reports 4 (22): 22. doi:10.1186/1752-1947-4-22. PMC 2823760. PMID 20205809. Retrieved 2010-05-07. 
  5. ^ Martini / Bartholomew (2010) [1995]. Essentials of Anatomy and Physiology 3E. Pearson Benjamin Cummings. 
  6. ^ Afifi, Adel K.; Ronald Arly Bergman (2005) [1998]. Functional neuroanatomy: text and atlas. McGraw-Hill Professional. p. 16. doi:10.1036/0071408126. ISBN 0-07-001589-9. 10.1036/0071408126. 
  7. ^ "Nervous system - Touch". BBC. Retrieved 2010-05-07. 
  8. ^ Winkelmann, R. K. (1959-01-21). "The Erogenous Zones: Their Nerve Supply and Significance". Proceedings of the Staff Meetings of the Mayo Clinic 34 (2): 39–47. PMID 13645790. 

External links[edit]