Croatia Population: 4,475,611


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The lands that today comprise Croatia were part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire until the close of World War I. In 1918, the Croats, Serbs, and Slovenes formed a kingdom known after 1929 as Yugoslavia. Following World War II, Yugoslavia became a federal independent communist state under the strong hand of Marshal TITO. Although Croatia declared its independence from Yugoslavia in 1991, it took four years of sporadic, but often bitter, fighting before occupying Serb armies were mostly cleared from Croatian lands, along with a majority of Croatia's ethnic Serb population. Under UN supervision, the last Serb-held enclave in eastern Slavonia was returned to Croatia in 1998. The country joined NATO in April 2009 and the EU in July 2013.

Geographic coordinates: 45 10 N, 15 30 E
Area: total: 56,594 sq km
land: 55,974 sq km
water: 620 sq km

Size comparison: slightly smaller than West Virginia
Land Boundaries: total: 1,982 km
Maritime claims: territorial sea: 12 nm
continental shelf: 200 m depth or to the depth of exploitation
Elevation extremes: lowest point: Adriatic Sea 0 m
highest point: Dinara 1,831 m
Land use: arable land: 15.85%
permanent crops: 1.47%
other: 82.69% (2011)
Irrigated land: 36.27 sq km (2010)
Natural hazards: destructive earthquakes
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
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adjective: Croatian
Population: 4,475,611 (July 2013 est.)
Dependency ratios: total dependency ratio: 49.6 %
youth dependency ratio: 22.3 %
elderly dependency ratio: 27.4 %
potential support ratio: 3.7 (2013)
Median age: total: 41.8 years
male: 40 years
female: 43.7 years (2013 est.)
Population growth rate: -0.11% (2013 est.)
Birth rate: 9.53 births/1,000 population (2013 est.)
Death rate: 12.06 deaths/1,000 population (2013 est.)
Net migration rate: 1.47 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2013 est.)
Urbanization: urban population: 58% of total population (2010)
Major urban areas - population: ZAGREB (capital) 686,000 (2011)
0-14 years: 1.05 male(s)/female
15-24 years: 1.05 male(s)/female
25-54 years: 0.98 male(s)/female
55-64 years: 0.96 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.66 male(s)/female
total population: 0.93 male(s)/female (2013 est.)
Mother's mean age at first birth: 27.7 (2010 est.)
Maternal mortality rate: 17 deaths/100,000 live births (2010)
Infant mortality rate: total: 5.96 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 6.07 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 5.85 deaths/1,000 live births (2013 est.)
Life expectancy at birth: total population: 76.2 years
male: 72.6 years
female: 80 years (2013 est.)
Health expenditures: 7.8% of GDP (2010)
Physicians density: 2.59 physicians/1,000 population (2007)
Hospital bed density: 5.4 beds/1,000 population (2009)
Drinking water source: improved:
urban: 100% of population
rural: 97% of population
total: 99% of population

urban: 0% of population
rural: 3% of population
total: 1% of population (2010 est.)
Sanitation facility access: improved:
urban: 99% of population
rural: 98% of population
total: 99% of population

urban: 1% of population
rural: 2% of population
total: 1% of population (2010 est.)
Obesity - adult prevalence rate: 24.2% (2008)
Education expenditures: 4.4% of GDP (2009)
Literacy: definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 98.9%
male: 99.5%
female: 98.3% (2011 est.)
male: 14 years
female: 15 years (2010)
Unemployment, youth ages 15-24: total: 36.1%
male: 35.6%
female: 36.8% (2011)
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Country name: conventional long form: Republic of Croatia
conventional short form: Croatia
local long form: Republika Hrvatska
local short form: Hrvatska
former: People's Republic of Croatia, Socialist Republic of Croatia
Government type: parliamentary democracy
Capital: name: Zagreb
geographic coordinates: 45 48 N, 16 00 E
Independence: 25 June 1991 (from Yugoslavia)
Suffrage: 18 years of age, 16 if employed; universal






Judicial branch: highest court(s): Supreme Court (consists of the court president and vice president, 25 civil department justices, and 16 criminal department justices) judge selection and term of office: president of Supreme Court nominated by president of Croatia and elected by Croatian Sabor for a 4-year term; other Supreme Court justices appointed by National Judicial Council; all judges serve until age 70

subordinate courts: Administrative Court; county, municipal, and specialized courts; note - there is an 11-member Constitutional Court with jurisdiction limited to constitutional issues but is outside Croatia's judicial system
Political parties and leaders: Croatian Civic Party or HGS [Zeljko KERUM] Croatian Democratic Congress of Slavonia and Baranja or HDSSB [Vladimir SISLJAGIC] Croatian Democratic Union or HDZ [Tomislav KARAMARKO] Croatian Laborists-Labor Party [Dragutin LESAR] Croatian Party of Rights or HSP [Daniel SRB] Croatian Peasant Party or HSS [Branko HRG] Croatian Pensioner Party or HSU [Silvano HRELJA] Croatian People's Party - Liberal Democrats or HNS [Vesna PUSIC] Croatian Pure Party of Rights-Ante Starcevic or HCSP [Ruza TOMASIC] Croatian Social Liberal Party or HSLS [Darinko KOSOR] Independent Democratic Serb Party or SDSS [Vojislav STANIMIROVIC] Independent List of Ivan Grubisic [Ivan GRUBISIC] Istrian Democratic Assembly or IDS [Ivan JAKOVCIC] Kukuriku Coalition (consists of SDP, HNS, IDS, and HSU) [Zoran MILANOVIC] Social Democratic Party of Croatia or SDP [Zoran MILANOVIC]
Political pressure groups and leaders: other: human rights groups
National symbol(s): red-white checkerboard
National anthem: name: "Lijepa nasa domovino" (Our Beautiful Homeland)
lyrics/music: Antun MIHANOVIC/Josip RUNJANIN

note: adopted 1972; "Lijepa nasa domovino," whose lyrics were written in 1835, served as an unofficial anthem beginning in 1891
chancery: 2343 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008
telephone: [1] (202) 588-5899
FAX: [1] (202) 588-8936
embassy: 2 Thomas Jefferson Street, 10010 Zagreb
mailing address: use street address
telephone: [385] (1) 661-2200
FAX: [385] (1) 661-2373
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GDP (purchasing power parity): GDP (purchasing power parity): $79.69 billion (2012 est.) $81.3 billion (2011 est.) $81.33 billion (2010 est.)

note: data are in 2012 US dollars
GDP (official exchange rate): GDP (official exchange rate): $57.1 billion (2012 est.)
GDP - real growth rate: -2% (2012 est.) 0% (2011 est.) -2.3% (2010 est.)
GDP - per capita (PPP): GDP - per capita (PPP): $18,100 (2012 est.) $18,500 (2011 est.) $18,400 (2010 est.)

note: data are in 2012 US dollars
Gross national saving: 19.2% of GDP (2012 est.) 19.6% of GDP (2011 est.) 19.5% of GDP (2010 est.)
GDP - composition, by end use: household consumption: 60.2%
government consumption: 19.8%
investment in fixed capital: 18.4%
investment in inventories: 1%
exports of goods and services: 43.4%
imports of goods and services: -42.7% (2012 est.)
GDP - composition, by sector of origin: household consumption: 60.2%
government consumption: 19.8%
investment in fixed capital: 18.4%
investment in inventories: 1%
exports of goods and services: 43.4%
Industrial production growth rate: -6.5% (2012 est.)
Labor force: 1.702 million (2012 est.)
Labor force - by occupation: agriculture: 2.1%
industry: 29%
services: 69% (2012)
Unemployment rate: 19.1% (2012 est.) 17.9% (2011 est.)
Population below poverty line: 21.1% (2011)
highest 10%: 27.5% (2008 est.)
Budget: revenues: $21.56 billion
expenditures: $23.42 billion (2012 est.)
Taxes and other revenues: 37.8% of GDP (2012 est.)
Public debt: 68.2% of GDP (2012 est.) 64.8% of GDP (2011 est.)
Fiscal year: calendar year
Inflation rate (consumer prices): Inflation rate (consumer prices): 3.4% (2012 est.) 2.3% (2011 est.)
Exports: $12.42 billion (2012 est.) $13.64 billion (2011 est.)
Exports - partners: Italy 14.9%, Bosnia and Herzegovina 13.2%, Germany 10.6%, Slovenia 8.8%, Austria 6.8% (2012)
Imports: $20.24 billion (2012 est.) $22.52 billion (2011 est.)
Imports - partners: Italy 16.7%, Germany 12.9%, Russia 7.6%, China 7.1%, Slovenia 5.9%, Austria 4.5% (2012)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: $14.81 billion (31 December 2012 est.) $14.48 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
Debt - external: $65.23 billion (31 December 2012 est.) $64.94 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
Stock of direct foreign investment - at home: $35.63 billion (31 December 2012 est.) $34.36 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad: $5.575 billion (31 December 2012 est.) $5.674 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
Exchange rates: kuna (HRK) per US dollar - 5.8503 (2012 est.) 5.3439 (2011 est.) 5.498 (2010 est.) 5.2692 (2009) 4.98 (2008)
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Electricity - consumption: 16.7 billion kWh (2012 est.)
Electricity - exports: 1.38 billion kWh (2012 est.)
Electricity - imports: 8.799 billion kWh (2012 est.)
Electricity - installed generating capacity: 4.021 million kW (2009 est.)
Electricity - from fossil fuels: 47.2% of total installed capacity (2009 est.)
Electricity - from hydroelectric plants: 44.7% of total installed capacity (2009 est.)
Electricity - from other renewable sources: 0.8% of total installed capacity (2009 est.)
Crude oil - production: 28,230 bbl/day (2012 est.)
Crude oil - exports: 0 bbl/day (2012 est.)
Crude oil - imports: 53,620 bbl/day (2012 est.)
Crude oil - proved reserves: 2.96 million bbl (1 January 2012 est.)
Refined petroleum products - production: 77,020 bbl/day (2012 est.)
Refined petroleum products - consumption: 74,410 bbl/day (2012 est.)
Refined petroleum products - exports: 33,870 bbl/day (2012 est.)
Refined petroleum products - imports: 31,250 bbl/day (2012 est.)
Carbon dioxide emissions from consumption of energy: 21.46 million Mt (2012 est.)
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Telephones in use: 1.761 million (2011)
country comparison to the world: 63
Cellular Phones in use: 5.115 million (2011)


Broadcast media: the national state-owned public broadcaster, Croatian Radiotelevision (HRT), operates 4 terrestrial TV networks, a satellite channel that rebroadcasts programs for Croatians living abroad, and 6 regional TV centers; 2 private broadcasters operate national terrestrial networks; roughly 25 privately owned regional TV stations; multi-channel cable and satellite TV subscription services are available; state-owned public broadcaster operates 3 national radio networks and 9 regional radio stations; 2 privately owned national radio networks and more than 170 regional, county, city, and community radio stations (2012)
Internet country code: .hr
Internet hosts: 729,420 (2012)
Internet users: 2.234 million (2009)
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Airports: 69 (2013)
country comparison to the world: 72
Airports (paved runways): total 24
over 3,047 m: 2
2,438 to 3,047 m: 6
1,524 to 2,437 m: 3
914 to 1,523 m: 3
under 914 m: 10 (2013)
Airports (unpaved runways): total 45

1,524 to 2,437 m: 1
914 to 1,523 m: 6
under 914 m: 38 (2013)
Heliports: 1 (2013)
Pipelines: gas 2,410 km; oil 610 km (2011)
Railways: total 2,722 km
standard gauge: 2,722 km 1.435-m gauge (984 km electrified) (2011)
Roadways: total 29,410 km
(includes 1,254 km of expressways) (2011)
Waterways: 785 km (2009)
Merchant marine: total 77


foreign-owned: 2 (Norway 2)

Ports and terminals: major seaport(s): Ploce, Rijeka, Sibernik, Split
river port(s): Vukovar (Danube)
oil/gas terminal(s): Omisalj
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Military service age and obligation: 18-27 years of age for voluntary military service; 6-month service obligation (2012)
females age 16-49: 1,017,355 (2010 est.)
females age 16-49: 839,732 (2010 est.)
Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually: male: 28,334
female: 27,015 (2010 est.)
Military expenditures: 1.5% of GDP (2012)
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 Transnational Issues
Disputes - International: dispute remains with Bosnia and Herzegovina over several small sections of the boundary related to maritime access that hinders ratification of the 1999 border agreement; since the breakup of Yugoslavia in the early 1990s, Croatia and Slovenia have each claimed sovereignty over Pirin Bay and four villages, and Slovenia has objected to Croatia's claim of an exclusive economic zone in the Adriatic Sea; in 2009, however Croatia and Slovenia signed a binding international arbitration agreement to define their disputed land and maritime borders, which led to Slovenia lifting its objections to Croatia joining the EU; Slovenia continues to impose a hard border Schengen regime with Croatia, which joined the EU in 2013 but has not yet fulfilled Schengen requirements; as a European Union peripheral state, Slovenia imposed a hard border Schengen regime with non-member Croatia in December 2007
Refugees and internally displaced persons:
stateless persons: 2,886 (2012)
Illicit drugs: transit point along the Balkan route for Southwest Asian heroin to Western Europe; has been used as a transit point for maritime shipments of South American cocaine bound for Western Europe (2008)
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   Source: CIA - The World Factbook

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