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AfriGeneas Western Frontier Forum


Thank you for the more courteous address than the first one. I have no argument with the current population demographics, it is the historical demographics at point. Dr. Jackson is correct in stating that most of the Black whalers came from the the Cape Verde group, and you were correct in realizing that I accidentally omitted Cape Verde from that pivotal sentence during final draft editing, I often cut entire paragraphs, so the loss of a phrase or term doesn't surprise me, however, excluding the Azores from that sentence because they are mostly White now would be historically improper.
People of African descent continued to have contact with the Azores even after Azorean slaves were shipped to the Americas due to the slave trade and whaling. Many writers simply include the entire Macaronesian Island group when discussing Atlantic maritime Black history. I've pasted one more source to demonstrate this point,
Thanks again, Allen L. Lee

"Some Background to Europeans, Africans and Modern Plantation Complexes
Europeans along the Mediterranean (i.e., what we today refer to as Spanish, Portuguese, and Italians) and Africans have relations well documented since the 13th Century. The relations were usually commercial. Off the Northwest African coast are tropical islands that were laboratories for chattel slavery. These islands were the Azores, Madeira, Canary and Cape Verde. The first successful staple product Africans cultivated for Europeans (and Moslems) on these islands was cane sugar: a notorious crop that would stimulate the great Sugar Revolutions in the Caribbean and Brazil, c1640-1888. Sugar required a large specialized labor force of mostly men. It was extremely labor intensive, which required twenty-four hour care. Using Old World inadequate technogies such as, olive rollers, Africans proved to be very productive; however, they died quickly and rarely reproduced as a group. Driven by the inhumane quest for prestige and profits, most European plantocracies justified their uses of Africans along the lines of economics, ethnocentricism, and essentialisms such as, categorizing Africans as more durable than Native Americans and Europeans. Which meant that for Spanish and Portuguese monarchies, divinities, plantocracies, and merchants, who choose to ignore their moral convictions, sponsoring asientos* and utilizing Africans as a primary labor source from 1570 to 1690/1888** was in part justified as a "necessary, commercial solution." Immediately following this catastrophe for Africans and other indigenous nations around the globe were the developments of disproportionate-and-unequal power relations centered on ignorance, intellectual dishonesty, racism, technology, and the commercial shift from a merchant to market economy. (Sources: H. Beckles; P.D. Curtin; M.A. Burkholder; S. Mintz; B. Solow)"
t Herbert.Ruffin@cgu.edu

18 Dec 2002 :: 14 Nov 2008
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