CIA World Fact Book, 2004/Portugal

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Portugal-CIA WFB Map (2004).png
Introduction Portugal
Geography Portugal
Geographic coordinates: 39 30 N, 8 00 W
Map references: Europe
Area: total: 92,391 sq km
land: 91,951 sq km
note: includes Azores and Madeira Islands
water: 440 sq km
Area - comparative: slightly smaller than Indiana
Land boundaries: total: 1,214 km
border countries: Spain 1,214 km
Coastline: 1,793 km
Maritime claims: territorial sea: 12 nm
contiguous zone: 24 nm
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Elevation extremes: lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m
Land use: arable land: 21.75%
permanent crops: 7.81%
other: 70.44% (2001)
Irrigated land: 6,320 sq km (1998 est.)
Natural hazards: Azores subject to severe earthquakes
People Portugal
Population: 10,524,145 (July 2004 est.)
Age structure: 0-14 years: 16.7% (male 916,106; female 840,574)
15-64 years: 66.4% (male 3,454,970; female 3,535,108)
65 years and over: 16.9% (male 735,407; female 1,041,980) (2004 est.)
Median age: total: 37.9 years
male: 35.8 years
female: 40 years (2004 est.)
Population growth rate: 0.41% (2004 est.)
Birth rate: 10.9 births/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Death rate: 10.37 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Net migration rate: 3.57 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.)
under 15 years: 1.09 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 0.98 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.71 male(s)/female
Infant mortality rate: total: 5.13 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 4.62 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)
male: 5.6 deaths/1,000 live births
Life expectancy at birth: total population: 77.35 years
male: 74.06 years
female: 80.85 years (2004 est.)
Total fertility rate: 1.46 children born/woman (2004 est.)
HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS: 27,000 (2001 est.)
Nationality: noun: Portuguese (singular and plural)
adjective: Portuguese
Religions: Roman Catholic 94%, Protestant (1995)
Literacy: definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 93.3%
male: 95.5%
female: 91.3% (2003 est.)
Government Portugal
Country name: conventional long form: Portuguese Republic
conventional short form: Portugal
local long form: Republica Portuguesa
local short form: Portugal
Government type: parliamentary democracy
Capital: Lisbon
Constitution: 25 April 1976; revised 30 October 1982, 1 June 1989, 5 November 1992, 3 September 1997, 12 December 2001, and 24 July 2004
Legal system: civil law system; the Constitutional Tribunal reviews the constitutionality of legislation; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations
Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal
Executive branch: chief of state: President Jorge SAMPAIO (since 9 March 1996)
head of government: Prime Minister Pedro SANTANA LOPES (since 17 July 2004); note - Prime Minister Jose Manuel DURAO BARROSO resigned 5 July 2004 to take over the Presidency of the European Commission; Prime Minister Pedro SANTANA LOPES and his government resigned 11 December 2004, but will stay on in a caretaker capacity until February 2005 elections
elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held 14 January 2001 (next to be held NA January 2006); following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or leader of a majority coalition is usually appointed prime minister by the president
elections: last held 17 March 2002 (next to be held 20 February 2005); note - President SAMPAIO called for early elections after dissolving Parliament on 10 December 2004 because he lacked confidence in the four-month center-right government
election results: percent of vote by party - PSD 40.1%, PS 37.8%, PP 8.7%, PCP/PEV 6.9%, The Left Bloc 2.7%; seats by party - PSD 105, PS 96, PP 14, PCP/PEV 12, The Left Bloc 3
Judicial branch: Supreme Court or Supremo Tribunal de Justica (judges appointed for life by the Conselho Superior da Magistratura)
Political pressure groups and leaders: NA
Diplomatic representation in the US: chief of mission: Ambassador Pedro Manuel Dos Reis Alves CATARINO
consulate(s): Los Angeles, New Bedford (Massachusetts), Providence (Rhode Island)
FAX: [1] (202) 462-3726
telephone: [1] (202) 328-8610
chancery: 2125 Kalorama Road NW, Washington, DC 20008
embassy: Avenida das Forcas Armadas, 1600-081 Lisbon
telephone: [351] (21) 727-3300
FAX: [351] (21) 726-9109
consulate(s): Ponta Delgada (Azores)
Economy Portugal
Economy - overview: Portugal has become a diversified and increasingly service-based economy since joining the European Community in 1986. Over the past decade, successive governments have privatized many state-controlled firms and liberalized key areas of the economy, including the financial and telecommunications sectors. The country qualified for the Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) in 1998 and began circulating the euro on 1 January 2002 along with 11 other EU member economies. Economic growth has been above the EU average for much of the past decade, but fell back in 2001-03. GDP per capita stands at 70% of that of the leading EU economies. A poor educational system, in particular, has been an obstacle to greater productivity and growth. Portugal has been increasingly overshadowed by lower-cost producers in Central Europe and Asia as a target for foreign direct investment. The coalition government faces tough choices in its attempts to boost Portugal's economic competitiveness and to keep the budget deficit within the 3% EU ceiling.
GDP: purchasing power parity - $181.8 billion (2003 est.)
GDP - per capita: purchasing power parity - $18,000 (2003 est.)
GDP - composition by sector: agriculture: 5.8%
industry: 30.7%
services: 63.2% (2003)
Investment (gross fixed): 22.3% of GDP (2003)
Population below poverty line: NA
highest 10%: 28.4% (1995 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices): 3.3% (2003 est.)
Labor force: 5.409 million (2003)
Labor force - by occupation: agriculture 10%, industry 30%, services 60% (1999 est.)
Unemployment rate: 6.4% (2003 est.)
Budget: revenues: $64.81 billion
expenditures: $69.09 billion, including capital expenditures of NA (2003 est.)
Public debt: 59.8% of GDP (2003)
Agriculture - products: grain, potatoes, olives, grapes; sheep, cattle, goats, poultry, beef, dairy products
Industrial production growth rate: 0.4% (2003 est.)
Electricity - production: 44.32 billion kWh (2001)
Electricity - consumption: 41.48 billion kWh (2001)
Electricity - exports: 3.479 billion kWh (2001)
Electricity - imports: 3.743 billion kWh (2001)
Oil - exports: 28,830 bbl/day (2001)
Oil - imports: 357,300 bbl/day (2001)
Current account balance: $-7.592 billion (2003)
Exports: $31.13 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)
Exports - commodities: clothing and footwear, machinery, chemicals, cork and paper products, hides
Exports - partners: Spain 22.7%, Germany 15.2%, France 12.9%, UK 10.5%, US 5.8%, Italy 4.8%, Belgium 4.6% (2003)
Imports: $43.73 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)
Imports - commodities: machinery and transport equipment, chemicals, petroleum, textiles, agricultural products
Imports - partners: Spain 29.1%, Germany 14.7%, France 9.9%, Italy 6.4%, UK 4.9%, Netherlands 4.6% (2003)
Reserves of foreign exchange & gold: $12.81 billion (2003)
Debt - external: $250.7 billion (2003 est.)
Economic aid - donor: ODA, $271 million (1995)
Currency: euro (EUR)
Currency code: EUR
Fiscal year: calendar year
Communications Portugal
Telephones - main lines in use: 4,278,800 (2003)
Telephones - mobile cellular: 9,341,400 (2003)
Radio broadcast stations: AM 47, FM 172 (many are repeaters), shortwave 2 (1998)
Radios: 3.02 million (1997)
Television broadcast stations: 62 (plus 166 repeaters)
note: includes Azores and Madeira Islands (1995)
Televisions: 3.31 million (1997)
Internet country code: .pt
Internet hosts: 346,078 (2004)
Internet Service Providers (ISPs): 16 (2000)
Internet users: 3.6 million (2002)
Transportation Portugal
Railways: total: 2,850 km
narrow gauge: 274 km 1.000-m gauge (2003)
Highways: total: 68,732 km
paved: 59,110 km (including 1441 km of expressways)
unpaved: 9,622 km (2000)
Pipelines: gas 1,099 km; oil 8 km; refined products 174 km (2004)
Merchant marine: total: 122 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 872,557 GRT/1,236,025 DWT
registered in other countries: 24 (2004 est.)
foreign-owned: Australia 1, Belgium 1, Cyprus 1, Denmark 7, Germany 21, Greece 2, Guadeloupe 1, Iceland 1, Italy 16, Japan 1, Malta 1, Norway 7, Panama 1, Spain 18, Switzerland 7, Ukraine 1, United Kingdom 1
by type: bulk 12, cargo 49, chemical tanker 19, container 8, liquefied gas 7, multi-functional large load carrier 1, passenger 6, petroleum tanker 7, refrigerated cargo 1, roll on/roll off 5, short-sea/passenger 5, vehicle carrier 2
Airports: 66 (2003 est.)
Airports - with paved runways: total: 42
over 3,047 m: 5
2,438 to 3,047 m: 9
1,524 to 2,437 m: 3
914 to 1,523 m: 15
under 914 m: 10 (2004 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways: total: 23
914 to 1,523 m: 1
under 914 m: 22 (2004 est.)
Military Portugal
Military branches: Army, Navy (PON; including Marines), Air Force (FAP), Republican Guard (including Fiscal Guard)
Military manpower - military age and obligation: 18 years of age for voluntary military service; compulsory military service was ended in September 2004 (September 2004)
Military manpower - availability: males age 15-49: 2,628,892 (2004 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service: males age 15-49: 2,107,502 (2004 est.)
Military manpower - reaching military age annually: males: 72,821 (2004 est.)
Military expenditures - dollar figure: $3,497.8 million (2003)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP: 2.3% (2003)
This page was last updated on 1 January 2003
