Attention (5)

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In what 5 ways do dreams depart from waking reality?
Intense emotion, continuities of time, place and person don't apply, sensation is fully formed and meaningful, experience them with uncritical acceptance, difficult to remember
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When do nightmares increase in frequency?
After traumatic events
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Which age group are most likely to experience nightmares?
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What is day residue?
When experiences from the day are experienced in dreams, mainly in a disconnected way
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What may day residue be important for?
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What did Freud suggest dreams were?
An expression of the ids desires
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What is the manifest content of a dream?
what literally happens
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What is the latent content of a dream?
What the manifest content is interpreted to symbolise
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If you think about something before you go to sleep, are you more or less likely to dream about it and what does this suggest?
Less likely. Suggests that dreams do reflect suppressed thoughts (not necessarily for the reasons Freud proposed)
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What is the current most accepted theory for why we dream?
The Activation-synthesis model
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What does the activation-synthesis model suggest?
Dreams are due to the brain trying to make sense of the disordered past neural activity that is replayed during sleep
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What are psychoactive drugs?
Chemicals that alter consciousness or behaviour by altering neural transmission
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How do SSRI's elicit an effect?
They inhibit re-uptake of chemicals
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How does alcohol elicit an effect?
It facilitates binding of neurotransmitters
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How do valium and caffeine elicit an effect?
They mimic the neural firing patterns of other neurotransmitters
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What is the survival rate of rats given free access to cocaine in an impoverished environment?
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Which drugs will rats continue to press a lever for and are therefore addictive?
Amphetamines, alcohol, barbiturates, caffeine, opiates, nicotine, PCP, ecstacy, THC
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Which drug to rats not continue to press a lever for and therefore has less potential for addiction?
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What are hallucinogens?
Drugs that alter sensation and perception, sometimes causing hallucinations
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What do LSD, PCP and Ketamine all have in common?
they are synthetic drugs
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What is the scientific name for shrooms?
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What is the scientific name for peyote?
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What is hypnosis?
An altered state of consciousness characterised by suggestibility and the feeling that your actions are occurring involuntarily (extreme behavioural compliance)
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Who first developed hypnosis?
Franz Mesmer
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What predicts susceptibility to hypnosis well?
Your own judgement (personality doesn't predict it well)
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What is the main danger of hypnosis?
Falsely recovered memories which feel very real to the hypnotised individual
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What is posthypnotic amnesia?
The failure to retrieve memories following the hypnotic suggestion to forget them
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What is hypnotic analgesia?
Use of hypnosis to reduce pain
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What has hypnotic analgesia been found to be more effective than?
Morphine, valium, asprin and placebos
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What is meditation and how does it effect EEG rhythms?
The practice of internal contemplation. More alpha.
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Does hypnosis improve the accuracy of information recall?
No, it only improves the individuals confidence in recall
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Card 2


When do nightmares increase in frequency?


After traumatic events

Card 3


Which age group are most likely to experience nightmares?


Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4


What is day residue?


Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5


What may day residue be important for?


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