Business skills 1 Online Test

The study of individual decisions made in the context of a system of moral standards or rules of conduct is known as which of the following?
Social responsibility
Individual rights
Which of the following statement is true?
Affirmative action efforts have not been entirely successful in ensuring that more minorities are hired because negative attitudes about differences among individuals persist.
U.S. companies have abolished diversity initiatives because of the widespread criticism that they perpetuate stereotypes and myths about minorities.
The glass ceiling has resulted in women making more money than they otherwise would have
Today, women earn equal that of men
Which of the following statement is true?
Job discrimination is no longer considered to be a social problem in the United States.
The Civil Rights Act of 1964 significantly reduced the powers of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC)
The EEOC is responsible for monitoring the hiring practices of companies and for investigating complaints of job-related discrimination
Job discrimination has not had an significant impact on the distribution of income in the United States based on race or gender
Which of the following statement is false?
Socially responsible business behavior is a concept that dates back to at least the latter 1800s
Government laws and regulations designed to prevent pollution have in practice only made pollution worse
Sometimes costs of production, and therefore prices, are higher when businesses take the steps necessary to pollute less
The three major kinds of pollution are air, water, and land pollution
Which of the following statement is true?
One way companies can evaluate their ethical standards is by conducting a social audit
The only real stakeholder to a company is investors
The idea that business has certain obligations to society beyond the pursuit of profits faded in the 1960s
Rarely do businesses profit from socially responsible behavior.
Which of the following is a philosophical approach to resolving ethical questions in business?
The application of religious principles
To uphold the importance of individual rights
The application of the concept of utilitarianism
All of the above
Ethical relativism:
Requires the decision-maker to be independent and under a “veil of ignorance”
Requires the decision-maker to make a decision on the basis of an external source, like the Bible
Requires that the decision-maker consider what is best for society
Requires that the individual make his own decision based on her own sense of right and wrong.
The theory of social responsibility that says a corporation’s duty is to make a profit while avoiding harm to others is:
Corporate citizenship
Maximizing profit
Stakeholder’s interest
Moral minimum
The theory of social responsibility that says that the corporation must consider the effects of its action on persons other than its stockholders is:
The maximizing profit theory
The moral minimum theory
The stakeholder theory
The corporate citizenship theory
The theory of social responsibility that says that the corporation has a responsibility to do good is:
The stakeholder theory
The corporate citizenship theory
The maximizing profits theory
The moral minimum theory
The only social responsibility theory that advocates looking out for only the corporation’s own interests and good is:
The corporate citizenship theory
The stakeholders theory
The maximizing profits theory
The moral minimum theory
All of the major theories of ethics except one impose some sort of external standard on the ethical decision-making process. Which theory does not?
Rawls’ social justice theory
Ethical relativism
Ethical fundamentalism
Kantian ethics
Which is NOT a theory of the social responsibility of business?
Moral minimum
Stakeholder interest
World citizenship
Maximising profit
Rawls’ Social Justice Theory is based on which of the following principles?
Distributive justice
Fundamental ethics
Ethical relativism
Utilitarianism calls for human being to choose the action or follow the rule that provides the greatest good to society. Which statement is NOT true about utilitarianism?
The greatest good does not mean the greatest good for the greatest number of people
It is easy to determine the greatest morality as if it were an impersonal mathematical equation
This theory treats morality as if it were an impersonal mathematical equation
This theory was put forward by John Stuart Mills and Jeremy Bentham in the 18th and 19th centuries
Kant’s theory of duty ethics does NOT include which of the following?
Universal rules which are based on the principles of reversibility and consistency
Kant’s theory is based on the premise that man can use reasoning to reach ethical decisions.
Kant’s categorical imperatives are easy to determine since they are well known sayings like “do unto others as you would have them do unto you.”
Kant’s theory has people behaving according to general principles called categorical imperatives
Which statement is true about ethical fundamentalism?
A person looks to an outside source for ethical rules or commands, such as the bible, the Koran, or such a person as Marx or Lenin
Taken to an extreme, the results will always be ethical under most moral theories, foe example “an eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth” will be accepted as just in most moral theories
Ethical fundamentalism gives the individual broad latitude in determining right and wrong for himself
This form of ethical theory would never permit the law to be unjust
________ are formalized rules and standards that describe what the company expects of its employees in terms of ethical behaviour.
Job descriptions
Ethics clauses
Codes of ethics
Codes of conduct
A business that allows a condition or potential problem to go unresolved until the public learns about it is using the ______ strategy.
Ethics are defined by:
Sandra, a new salesperson for Brenham Foods calls in an order for twice the amount of merchandise that Corner Market requested because she knows that it will increase her sales and will not be noticed by Corner market. This relates to _____ as an influence in ethical decision-making.
Significant others
External rewards
If Tyreco failed to inform consumers that there were design problems with the firm’s tyres, it would have been engaged in unethical behaviour relating to which one of the following marketing issue areas?
Organizational relationships
Which one of the following activities will NOT help improve the ethical behaviour of a marketing firm?
Help employees become aware of and sensitive toward ethical issues
Redesign the company’s culture to foster more ethical practices
Reward employees who use questionable business tactics
Establish and enforce a code of ethics
Eliminate “bad apples: in the firm
Which one of the following would be consistent with Johnson Chemicals’ understanding of the “bad apple” concept of improving the ethical conduct of salespeople?
Publishing ethical guidelines for salespeople
Firing unethical salespeople
Retraining unethical salespeople
Using customers to review ethical guidelines
________ refers to the development. Pricing, promotion and distribution of products that do not harm the environment.
Marketing ethics
Social responsibility
Environmental marketing
Green marketing
If Happy Bags expresses concern that its products are having too great an impact on the pollution of ground water under landfills, this concern is directly related to the firm’s:
Social responsibility
Marketing orientation
Distribution system
All of the following are social responsibility issues related to the environment, or green marketing, EXCEPT;
Water pollution
Air pollution
Land pollution
Safety and health
Which of the following statements about social responsibility is FALSE? Social responsibility:
Can be viewed as a contract with society
Is a company’s obligation to maximize its positive impact and minimize its negative impact on society
Is a vital factor in marketing strategy decisions
Relates to individual decisions
Which of these refers to the code of moral principles and values that govern behaviours with respect to what is right and wrong?
Social responsibility
Free domain
Codified law
Discretionary responsibility
Ethics deals with ______ values that are a part of corporate culture and shapes decisions concerning social responsibility with respect to the ___________ environment.
A new drug has not been approved by the FDA to sell in the U.S. because further testing is needed. The company has a chance to sell its product in another country immediately to start recovering the costs of R&D and production three years ahead of time. This example places the decision in which of the categories from the text?
The ethical domain
The domain of free choice.
The protective domain
The legal domain
The individual who must make an ethical choice in an organization is called
The symbolic leader
An obstructive manager
The defensive individual
The moral agent
An authoritarian manager
Ahmed is a manager at No-waste Corporation. He is faced with an interesting problem. One of his employees has been cheating the company out of expense money. Ahmad must decide whether or not to fire this employee. In this role, Ahmad is acting as
A moral agent
An ethical theorist
A symbolic leader
An authoritarian leader
An obstructive manager
The ethical concept that moral behaviours produce the greatest good for the greatest number is called the ______ approach.
Better boats, Inc. decided to continue operations at one plant while shutting down other. The decision was justified on the basis of what was the best for the total corporation. This is an example of the
Utilitarian approach
Individualism approach
Moral-justice approach
Justice approach
Illegal approach
The ________ ethic was the basis for the state of Oregon’s decision to extend Medicaid to 400,000 previously ineligible recipients by refusing to pay for high-cost, high-risk procedures.
Which of these refers to the ethical concept that moral decisions are those that best maintain the rights of those people affected by them?
Individualism approach
Justice approach
Utilitarian approach
Moral-rights approach
Discretionary responsibility approach
Which of the following is NOT one of the moral rights that could be considered during decision making?
The right to free consent
The right to invade privacy
The right to free speech
The right of freedom of conscience
The right to life and safety
Sexual harassment is unethical because it violates an important part of which approach to ethical behavior?
The utilitarian approach
The individualism approach
The justice approach
The moral-rights approach
The defensive approach
The ethical decision approach that requires persons to be guided by standards of equity, fairness and impartiality is the
Moral-rights approach
Individualism approach
Utilitarian approach
Justice approach
Discretionary approach
The justice approach is closest to the thinking underlying the domain of __________
Social responsibility
Free choice
Discretionary responsibility
Most people have learned to conform to expectations of good behavior expected by colleagues, family. Friends and society. They are in what stage of moral development?
The preconventional stage of moral development is best illustrated by which of these?
Everybody else is doing it, so it must be okay
What would my boss think if I did this?
I know this is not right, and I will not do it, even if everyone else is.
What am I going to get from making this decision?
All of the above
The great majority of managers operate at the
Preconventional level
Principled level
Conventional level
Postconventional level
Autocratic level
The obligation of organization management to make decisions and take actions that will enhance the welfare and interests of society as well as the organization is referred to as
Organizational responsibility
Social responsibility
Discretionary responsibility
Economic responsibility
None of the above
Which of these is true about the policy a bank adopts toward its investing of depositors Money?
It is an expression of its philosophy of social responsibility
It is important only to the community
It has no ethical implications
It would represent its personal state of Moral development
All of the above
Primary stakeholders of an organization include
Investors and shareholders
All of the above
All of the following are examples of special interest groups EXCEPT
Professional associations
Trade associations
Political action committees
In the distinction between law and ethics, which one of these statements is NOT true?
The law may permit something that is ethically wrong
The law may always demand more than mere ethical standards require; thus, businesspersons must always follow the law rather than ethical requirements
The law establishes a minimum degree of conduct expected by persons and businesses in society. Ethics demands more
Although much of the law is based on ethical standards, not all ethical standards have been enacted as law
Which of the following is NOT one of the major theories of ethics by which behavior is measured?
Ethical fundamentalism
Kantian ethics
Scalia’s principles of neutral justice

Paper has 50 questions which have to be completed within an hours time



The ____ ethic was the basis for the state of Oregon's decision to extend Medicaid to 400,000 previously ineligible recipients by refusing to pay for high-cost, high-risk procedures.

1635 days 15 hours 19 minutes ago


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