Lecture 7 Physio

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Lecture 7 Physio
2012-04-24 01:08:18
Lecture Physio

Lecture 7 Physio
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  1. 4 types of glial cells
    • 1. astrocytes
    • 2. ogligodendricytes
    • 3. ependymal cells
    • 4. Microglials
  2. Difference between oligodendricytes and schwann cells?
    Oligodendricytes are in CNS and can't regrow, Schwann cells are in PNS, and can regrow
  3. 2 functions of microglials?
    • 1. phagocytic
    • 2. release a growth factor while at rest
  4. What CNS glial cells type releases a growth inhibitory substance?
  5. T/F: Glial cells can go through mitosis, but neurons can't.
    True. Although neurons can regenerate axons, but they can not go through mitosis
  6. What are some of the functions of astrocytes?
    • 1. Provides support
    • 2. Assists in the formation of blood brain barrier indirectly
    • 3. Taking up any excess potassium
  7. T/F: 90% of all cells in the central nervous system are glial cells.
  8. What kind of tissue is glial cells made of?
    Connective tissues
  9. What kind of cells form the epithelial lining of the cnetral canal which is continuous with the ventricle of the brain?
    ependymal cells
  10. What are duramater, arachnoid and piamatar?
    Protective membranes of the nervous tissue against the bone
  11. What is the Na and K concentration of the cerebral spinal fluid comparing to the blood?
    More Na and less K, because if there is too much K concentration it will mess up the membrane potential
  12. What is one part of the CNS that doesn't have the blood brain barrier?
  13. 1. What blocks the nicotinic ACh receptors?
    2. What blocks the muscarinic ACh receptors?
    • 1. curare
    • 2. Atropine
  14. What kind of effects do salivary glands have?
  15. What are the 4 organs without dual innervation, in fact only receive sympathetic innervation?
    • 1. Pilli muscles in the skin
    • 2. Smooth muscle of blood vessels
    • 3. Sweat glands in the skin
    • 4. adrenal medulla
  16. What's weird about the sweat glands innervation?
    Although they are sympathetic, they are actually cholinergic (which is an exception)
  17. T/F: Somatic neuron system is a one-neuron system.
    Autonomic neuron system is a two-neuron system
  18. What is the type of neuromuscular junction of somatic motor?
    Specialized motor end plate
  19. Types of nerve fiber difference between somatic motor and autonomic motor?
    fast-conduction for somatic; slow-conduction for autonomic
  20. Difference of nerve impulse on muscle between somatic motor and autonomic motor?
    excitatory for somatic motor, and either excitatory or inhibitory for autonomic motor
  21. T/F Somatic motor has ganglia
  22. T/F: Autonomic motor has ganglia.
  23. what nervous system is it when it has 2 neuron branch of the efferent or motor nerve system?
  24. The 4 types of different adrenergic receptors
    • alpha 1: generalized vasoconstriction (phospholipase C)
    • alpha 2: takes back the NOR, so inhibitory (adenylyl cyclase)
    • beta 1: excitatory (on heart mainly)
    • beta 2: inhibitory
    • Both beta receptors stimulate adenylyl cyclase and result in an increase in cyclic AMP
  25. Exception:
    T/F: Adrenal medulla secretes epinephrine as the hormone into the blood rather than norepinephrine.
  26. T/F: Alpha 1 and 2 show greater affinity for Norepinephrine than epinephrine

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