GI cards

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GI cards
2011-02-02 17:17:01
GI system

GI system
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  1. What is Dyspepsia?
    upper abdominal discomfort associated with eating
  2. What is Achalasia?
    the absence of peristalis of the lower esophagus resulting in difficulty swallowing, regurgitation and sometimes pain
  3. What is amylase?
    an enzyme that aids in the digestion of stach
  4. what is chyme?
    mixture of food with saliva and salivary enzymes as the food passes throught the mouth , esophagus and the stomach
  5. What is a fibroscopy?
    intubation of a part of the GI system witha flexble lighted tube to assist in diagnosis and tx of diseases of that area
  6. what is intrinsic factor?
    • a gastric secretion that combines with
    • B12 so that the vitamin can be absorbed.
  7. What is lipase?
    an enzyme that aids in the digestion of fats
  8. What is pepsin?
    a gastric enzyme that is important in protien digestion
  9. What is trypsin?
    an enzyme that aids in the digestion of protien.
  10. What is Dysphagia?
    difficulty swallowing
  11. What is dysplasia?
    abnomal change in cells
  12. What is a esophagogastroduodenoscopy(EGD) ?
    A passage of a fiberoptic tube through the mouth and throat into the digestive tract for visualization of the esophagus, stomach and small intestine. BX can be performed.
  13. What is gastroesophageal reflux?
    backflow of gastric or duodenal contents into the esophagus
  14. What is a hernia?
    A protrusion of an organ or part of an organ through the wall of the cavity that normally contains it
  15. What is a lithotripsy?
    use of shock waves to break up or disintegrate stones
  16. What is odynophagia?
    pain on swallowing
  17. What is parotitis?
    inflammation of the parotid gland
  18. What is periapical abscess?
    abscessed tooth
  19. What is pyrosis?
    Heart burn
  20. What is sialadenitis?
    inflammation of the salivary glands
  21. What is stomatitis?
    inflammation of the oral mucosa
  22. A group of conditions that cause pain or dysfunction of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is what ?
    Termporomandibular disorders
  23. Dumping syndrome; gastrointestinal symptoms such as diarrhea and abd cramping resulting from rapid gastric emptying is called what?
    Vagotomy Syndrom
  24. What is the medical term fro dry mouth?
  25. What is the valve that prevents return or backward flow of fluid?
    Antirefulx valve
  26. What is the removal or substance by suctioning ; the breathing of fluid or food into the trachea and lungs?
  27. What is a feeding that is administered in large amounts to the stomach at designated intervals?
    A bolus
  28. What is a CVAD (central venous access device)?
    A device designed for long term administration of medications and fluids into central veins.
  29. What is a cyclic feeding?
    periodic infusion of feedings given over a short period (8-18 hours)
  30. What is a rapid emptying of the stomach contents in to the small intestine that causes diarrhea sweating , and weakness called?
    Dumping syndrome
  31. What is the first part of the small intestine called ?
  32. Feedings that are introduced through a tube directly into the GI Tract are classified as what kind?
    Enteral nutrition
  33. What is a surgical creation of an opening into the stomach called?
  34. What is intubation?
    A insertion or placement of a tube into a body structure or passageway
  35. What is the second portion of the small intesting called?
    The Jejunum
  36. What is the flushing of the stomach with water or other fluids with a gastric tube called?
    A lavage
  37. What is a nasoduodenal tube ?
    A tube that is inserted through the nose into the proximal potion of the small intestine
  38. What is a nasoenteric tube
    a tube that is inserted through the nose into the stomach and beyond to the pylorus into the small intestine
  39. What is a orogastric tube?
    A tube inserted through the mouth into the stomach
  40. The ionic concentration of a fluid is called what?
  41. What is parenteral nutrition?
    Method of supplying nutrients to the body by intravenous route
  42. Can be easily located on a XRAY
  43. An artifical opening between a body cavity and the body surface is called what?
    a stoma
  44. What is a stylet?
    A stiff wire placed in a catheter or tube that allows the tube to maintian its shape while being inserted
  45. What is TNA(Total nutrient admixture)?
    an admixture of lipid emulsions, proteins, carbohydrates, electrolyes, vitamins, reace minerals and water
  46. What is anchlorydria?
    lack of hyrdochloric acid in digestive secretions of the stomach
  47. What is an antrectomy?
    removal of the pyloric portion of the stomach with anastomosis to the duodenum
  48. What is the fluoroscopic xray of the small intesting, when a tube is placed through the nose through the esophagus to the stomach and a braium based liquid is inserted an xrays are performed while the liquid passes through the duodenum
    Its called a enteroclysis
  49. A spiral shaped , gram negative bacterium that colonizes in the gastric mucosa and is invloved in most cases of peptic ulcer disease
    Helicobacter pylori
  50. What is it called when the pt vomits blood?
  51. A pharmacologic agent that inhibits histamine action at the H2 receptors of the stomach resulting in inhibition of gastric acid secretions is called ???
    Histamine-2 (H2 ) receptor antagonist.(fancy that) :)
  52. What is the ligament ot Treitz?
    a suspensory ligament of the duodenum;important anatomic landmark ised to divide GI tract into upper and lower portions
  53. Black and tarry stools are called ?
  54. What is classified as morbid obsity?
    more then twice the ideal body weight. 100 lbs or more over ideal weight or a BMI exceeding 30 kg/m2
  55. What is the thin membrane that lines the inside walls of the abd and covers all adb organs called?
  56. What is pyloroplasty ?
    a surgical procedure to increase the opening of the pyloric orifice
  57. What is serosa?
    the thin membrane that covers the outer surface of the stomach
  58. What is the narrowing or tighening of an opening or passage in the body called?
  59. What is the rumbling noise cause by the movement of gas through the intestines medically termed?
  60. Inflammation of the diverticulum from obstruction, resulting in abscesss formation.
  61. Presence of several diverticula in the intesine, common in middle age
  62. What are diverticulum
    saclike outpouching of the lining of the bowel protruding thought the muscle of the intestinal wall, usually caused by high intraluminal pressure
  63. A normal or abnormal fold, groove or crack in body tissue is called ?
    A fissure
  64. What is a fistula?
    An anatomically abnormal tract that arises between two internal organs or between an internal organ and the body surface
  65. What is a Kock pouch ?
    a type of continent ileal reservoir created surgically by making an internal pouvh with a portion of the ileum and placing a nipple flush with the stoma
  66. Impaired transport across the mucosa is called ?
  67. Inflammation of the lining of the abd cavity usually as a result of infection ?
  68. What is steatorrhea?
    excess of fatty wastes in the feces or urine
  69. What is tenesmus?
    ineffective and sometimes painful strainging to eleminate either feces or urine
  70. what is the valsalva maneuver?
    forcible exhalation agaisnt closed glottis followed bu a rise in intrathoracic pressure and subsequent possible dramatic rise in arterial pressure may occur when straining to stool
  71. Involuntary flapping mocements of the hands associated with metabolic liver dysfunction
  72. The use of balloons placed within the esophagus and proximal portion of the stomach and inflated to compress bleeding vessels
    Balloon tamponade
  73. What is Budd-Chiari Syndrome?
    hepatic vein thrombosis resulting in non cirrhotic portal hypertension
  74. What is cirrhosis?
    a chronic liver disease characterized by fibrotic changes and the formations of dense connective tissues within the liver susequent degenerative changes and loss of functioning cells
  75. The inability to draw figures in two or three demensions is what?
    Constructional Apraxia
  76. What is Fetor Hepaticus?
    sweet, slightly fecal odor to the breath presumed to be of intestinal origin, prevalent with the extensive collateral portal circulation in chronic liver disease
  77. Sudden severe onset of acute liver failure that occurs withing 8 weeks from the first symptoms of jaundice
    Fulminant hepatic failure
  78. What is hepatic encephalopathy?
    central nervous system dysfunction resulting from liver disease, frequently associated with elevated ammonia levels that produce changes in mental status , altered level of consciousness and coma
  79. Grafting of a donor liver into the normal anatomic location with removal of the diseased native liver
    Orthotopic Liver Transplantation(OLT)
  80. What is Portal Hypertension?
    Elevated pressure in the portal circulation resulting from obstruction of venous flow into and through the liver
  81. Transplantation of organs from one species to another
  82. What is the removal of the gallbladder called?
  83. Inflammation of the gallbladder
  84. What is lithotripsy?
    disintrgration of gallstones by shockwaves
  85. What is the pancreatic enzyme that aids in digestion of protiens?

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