chapter 46

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chapter 46
2013-04-21 01:23:02
chapter 46

chapter 46
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  1. the respiratory system has two primary functions
    1. exchange oxygen from the atmosphere for carbon dioxide waste

    2. maintain acid-base balance in the body failure of this fuction will cause acidosis or alkalosis
  2. respiratory acidosis occurs if the
    patient experiences hypoventilation and carbon dioxide levels increase in the body causing hypercapnia
  3. thoracic cage is sometimes called the
    rib cage
  4. seven ribs attach directly to the sternum are called
    true ribs
  5. ribs 8 , 9 , 10 fasten one to another forming the
    false ribs
  6. ribs 11 and 12 are the ____ ribs
    floating ribs or half ribs because they are only attached to the thoracic vertebrae
  7. at the base or floor of the rib cage is the
  8. the respirator system is divided into two anatomic regions the
    • upper respiratory tract
    • lower respiratory tract
  9. the upper repiratory includes the
    nose, pharynx , larynx

    transports air from the atmosphere to the lungs
  10. pharynx also called the
  11. larynx is also called
    voice box
  12. the lower respiratory tract consists of
    trachea , bronchial tubes , and lungs
  13. trachea also called the
  14. right lung has ____ lobes
  15. left lung has ____ lobes

    indentation in the center known as the cardiac notch
  16. gaseous exchange is called
  17. the movement of oxygen from the atmospher into the alveoli is known as
  18. the movement of waste gases from the alveoli into the atmosphere is called
  19. apnea
    absence of breathing
  20. atelectasis
    collapsed lung
  21. dyspnea
    difficulty breathing
  22. empyema
    accumulation of pus in the pleural space
  23. hemoptysis
    expectoration of blood
  24. hemothorax
    accumulation of blood and fluid in the pleural cavity
  25. hypercapnia
    greater than normal amounts of carbon dioxide in the blood
  26. hyperpnea
    deep rapid labored respiration that may occur because of exercise or pain and fever
  27. hypoxemia
    low level of oxygen in the blood
  28. orthopnea
    person must sit or stan to breathe comfortably
  29. pleurisy
    inflammation of the parietal pleura
  30. pneumothorax
    collapse of the lung as a result of the collection of air or gas in the pleura space
  31. pyothorax
    collection of pus in the pleural cavity caused by infection
  32. rales
    bubblin or popping sound heard on auscultation
  33. rhinoplasty
    plastic surgery to repair or alter the structure of the nose
  34. rhinorrhea
    excessive drainage from the nose
  35. rhonchi
    continuous rumbling sound heard on auscultation
  36. many disease affect the respirator system the major ones can be divided into
    infectious disease , obstructive disorders , and tumor
  37. respiratory diseases cause common symptoms including
    sneezing , productive or nonproductive cough , sore throat , or hoarseness , fever , general malaise , altered breath sounds and changes in breathing patterns
  38. COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
    is a group of diseases with the common characteristic of chronic airway obstruction

    fourth leading cause of death
  39. lung cancer is the

    90% of lung tumor are linked

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