Psych: Chapter 9 Life Span Development

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Psych: Chapter 9 Life Span Development
2013-12-02 21:23:53
psych barbagallo marking period jun life span development chapter
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  1. A period of special sensitivity to specific types of learning that shapes the capacity for future development
    Critical Period
  2. The inability to consider another's point of view, which Piaget considered a hallmark of preoperational stage
  3. The third, and final stage of prenatal development (8 weeks to birth), characterized by rapid weight gain in the fetus and the fine detailing of body organs and systems
    Fetal Period
  4. Prejudice or discrimination against an individual based on physical age
  5. A strong affectional bond with special others that endures over time
  6. An innate form of learning within a critical period that involves attachment to the first, large moving object seen
  7. How do teratogens affect the individual?
    They have to pass through the placental barrier
  8. Environmental agent that causes damage during prenatal development. Anything bad that the mother can do that can cause damage.
  9. Biological changes during adolescence that lead to an adult-sized body and sexual maturity
  10. Piaget's 1st stage (0-2 years old) in which schemas are developed through sensory and motor activities
    Sensorimotor Stage
  11. 2nd stage of the prenatal development that begins after uterine implantation and lasts through the 8th week
    Embryonic Period
  12. Piaget's 4th stage (11 years+) characterized by abstract and hypothetical thinking
    Formal Operational Stage
  13. When the sperm fuses with the egg
  14. Research that measures people of various ages at one point in time and gives info about age differences
    Cross-Sectional Method
  15. The study of age-related changes in behavior and mental processes from birth to death
    Developmental Psychology
  16. Piaget's third stage (7-11 years). The child can perform mental operations on concrete objects and understand reversibility and conservation, but abstract thinking is not yet present
    Concrete Operational Stage
  17. Understanding that certain physical characteristics (such as volume) remain unchanged, even when their outward appearance changes.
  18. In Piaget's theory, adjusting old schemas and developing new ones to better fit with new info.
  19. An infant's understanding that objects or people continue to exist even why they cannot be directly see, heard or touched
    Object Permanence
  20. A combination of birth defects, including organ deformities and mental, motor, or growth retardation, that results from maternal alcohol abuse
    Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
  21. Absorbing new information into existing schemas
  22. Development governed by automatic, genetically predetermined signals
  23. Research that measures a single individual or group of individuals over an extended period and gives info about age changes (life span changes)
    Longitudinal Method
  24. 1st stage of prenatal development that begins with conception and ends with implantation in the uterus (first 2 weeks)
    Germinal Period
  25. Piaget's second stage, (2-7 years) characterized by the ability to employ significant language and to think symbolically
    Preoperational Stage
  26. What is poorly developed during birth?
  27. Gradual, inevitable changes vs. changes due to disease, disuse, or neglect
    Primary Aging
  28. Believed infants begin at a cognitively "primitive" level and progress in distinct stages
    Jean Piaget
  29. Most basic unit of intellect, which acts as patterns that organize interactions with the environment (Piaget)
  30. Physical Characteristics of FAS?
    • Smooth Upper Lip (philtrum)
    • Less brain mass
    • Underdeveloped frontal lobe
  31. Non-Physical characteristics of FAS?
    • Lowered IQ (under 70)
    • Not mentally retarded
    • Fine muscle movement "pinching"
  32. What are the effects of smoking cigarettes while pregnant?
    Premature Birth
  33. These are examples of:
    Lack of eyelids
    Respiratory problems
    Translucent skin
    Excess digits of finger or toes
    Nicotine Addicition
    Premature Birth
  34. What is the normal curve for IQ?
  35. What is Down's Syndrome caused by?
  36. What are the 4 physical characteristics of Down's Syndrome?
    • Protruding tongue
    • Rounded Head
    • Upturned nose
    • Blank stare
  37. When is someone most likely to have a miscarriage?
    Germinal Period
  38. How do we know a child can see?
    If you show them the same image over and over again they turn their head away, they get bored
  39. When rubbing a baby's cheek and it turns its head and opens it's mouth in search of a nipple for food
    Rooting Reflex
  40. 3 flaws of Piaget's theory?
    • Children don't develop the same way
    • Culture wasn't a factor
    • Longitudinal/Case study of a few children
  41. Child stays close to mother, shows moderate distress when separated, and is happy when mother returns
    Securely Attached
  42. Strange situation procedure; identified three types of attachment in children
  43. Child treats mother and stranger the same and rarely cries when mother leaves
    Avoidant Attachment
  44. Child is upset as mother leaves; cries uncontrollably and mother provides no real sense of comfort when she returns
    Anxious/Ambivalent Attachment
  45. Which level of attachment is healthiest?
    Securely Attached
  46. What are the three types of Parenting styles?
    • Permissive
    • Authoritarian
    • Authoriative
  47. 3 Levels of Attachment?
    • Securley attached
    • Avoidant
    • Anxious/Ambivalent
  48. 4 Stages of Cognitive?
    • Sensorimotor
    • Preoperational
    • Concrete Operational
    • Formal Operational
  49. Object Permanence and Stranger Anxiety
  50. Egocentrism, Animistic thinking, and lack of conservation
  51. Gain of conservation, simple operations and language development
    Concrete Operational
  52. Abstract logical thought
    Formal Operational
  53. They set little rules, boundaries, and they don't care. The worst parenting style
  54. Overly strict, no reason as to why. 2nd worst parenting style
  55. They are strict, but it's for a good reason. Best parenting style
  56. 3 Major Research issues in developmental psychology
    • Nature vs. Nurture
    • Continuity vs. Stages
    • Stability vs. Change
  57. Heredity vs. Environment
    Nature vs. Nurture
  58. Continuous and gradual vs. Periods of abrupt changes and then periods of little change
    Continuity vs. Stages
  59. Characteristics maintained vs. Characteristics different
    Stability vs. Change

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