Heart diseases

Cardiac arrhythmia

cardiac arrhythmia

arrhythmia photo cardiac arrhythmia - a disorder sequence, frequency and heart rate.At rest in most cases, a person may feel a faint heartbeat, without feeling his rhythm.Explicit feeling disruptions of the heart (chaotic or rapid contraction, rapid fading) indicate the presence of a human heart arrhythmia

cardiac arrhythmia - Causes

If a person has no heart disease, arrhythmias often occur as randomsingle episode that should not be given too much importance.However, these cases still need to be discussed with your doctor.

Proved are the causes of arrhythmia following: hypertension, cardiac conduction disturbances, heart failure, heart valve defects, coronary heart disease and other cardio - vascular diseases.Despite all the above reasons it is necessary to remember that the arrhythmia is not always indicate the presence of heart disease.The reasons for arrhythmias are many, and in some cases, to install them is not possible.

addition to heart disease, the following aggravating fa

ctors of arrhythmias: the emotional or physical stress, fever, infections, thyroid disease and anemia, taking certain medications and various stimulants (amphetamines, cocaine, alcohol, tobacco, caffeine, and so on.).Some types of arrhythmias can be inherited.

Many cardiac arrhythmia (atrial premature beats, sinus tachycardia) patients may not be felt, and in most cases indicate the presence of a person has a certain extracardiac pathology (increased thyroid function and so forth.), Without leading to any consequences.Particularly life-threatening ventricular tachycardia is that in 85% of cases are the direct cause of sudden cardiac death.Slightly less dangerous are bradycardia (15% of cases the cause of sudden cardiac death), accompanied by short-term sudden loss of consciousness


Depending on the specifics of cardiac arrhythmias are the following kinds of arrhythmias:

Tachycardia - increase (more than 90 beats per minute.) Heart Rate.Despite the fact that tachycardia has many varieties, made to take into account the main ones:

- Sinus (physiological) tachycardia - paroxysmal palpitations appears to 130-210 beats per minute.This type of tachycardia can occur in otherwise healthy people due to emotional or physical stress, after the cessation of the heartbeat that comes back to normal.Also, sinus tachycardia can be caused by heart disease such as heart failure, heart disease, etc.

- Paroxysmal (pathological) tachycardia - shows sharp palpitations to 130-210 beats per minute.Ends attack as abruptly as it begins.The duration of an attack can last from minutes, to days.Pathologic tachycardia often occurs in people with diseases of the central nervous system and heart

bradycardia - slowing of the heart rate of an adult to less than sixty beats per minute.Due to the slow heart rate decreases the level of blood supply to internal organs, which is very negative impact on the adequate operation of the whole organism.The main signs of bradycardia include: fatigue, weakness, dizziness, pain in the heart, sometimes there may be a complete loss of consciousness.Bradycardia occurs when endocrine diseases, neuroses, diseases of the digestive system, increase in blood levels of potassium, etc

Extrasystole - premature reduction in both the heart and its individual parts.The main symptoms of cardiac abnormalities include weakness, dizziness, and so-called "fading" of the heart.Beats is the most common cardiac arrhythmia and can occur not only due to the presence of cardio - vascular diseases, but also in the wrong operation of other internal organs (disorders of the genitourinary system, the gastrointestinal tract and so forth.).By common causes of arrhythmia include stressful situations, as well as the effects of caffeine, alcohol and tobacco

Atrial fibrillation - chaotic contraction of the atria, leading to disruption of the entire circulatory system.Manifested atrial fibrillation sensations irregular heart rate, fatigue, shortness of breath, etc.The reasons for the development of atrial fibrillation include hypertension, heart failure, decreased potassium levels in the blood, abnormal functioning of the thyroid gland, congenital heart

Arrhythmia - Symptoms

all manifestations of this disease are highly subjective and individual, because.feel the heart is able to most people, even those without any cardio - vascular system.Most often it is coming in nature and there lying on the side of the heart.Quite often people feel the work of his own heart was seriously scared, but this is not always talking about if they have severe cardiac disease.Patients suffering from heart disease are experiencing similar conditions repeatedly.In the initial stages of some types of arrhythmias may present with mild or subclinical symptoms, and on the contrary, some arrhythmias clinical picture is very bright, but that does not in most cases, bear any serious consequences.Cardiac arrhythmias may lead to cardiac failure, which is accompanied by dizziness and fainting.In the presence of such manifestations shown holding an emergency diagnosis and prompt treatment assignment.

most common method of diagnosis is the ECG arrhythmia - a graphic representation of the electrical pulses, causes the heart to contract.Based on cardiogram doctor establishes a diagnosis and to appoint necessary treatment

Arrhythmia - Treatment

Methods of treatment of cardiac rhythm disorders may vary depending on the presence or absence of symptoms, the severity (which is the root cause of arrhythmia) heart disease, frequencyarrhythmia.Depending on the type of arrhythmia, the treatment may vary from drug to more complex surgery (heart implantation cardioverter - defibrillator).In some cases, are used to eliminate the arrhythmia specialist or simple pacemakers

Treatment tachycardia

Tachycardia often does not require general any treatment.Patients are advised to avoiding harmful habits (smoking, alcohol, drinking coffee, strong tea, chocolate and Coca-Cola) and maximum (possible) vacation.From the public of medicines recommended Corvalol and valerian tincture.In some cases, the doctor may find it necessary appointment of a specific medical treatment, in which the most commonly prescribed the following drugs: digoxin, propranolol, ritmilen, verapamil, lidocaine

Treating bradycardia

In the case of mild form of the disease, of treatment often is not required.In some cases, bradycardia develops against the background of pathological changes in the myocardium (heart muscle), with adequate timely treatment that disappears and symptoms of bradycardia.If the heart rate becomes less than fifty beats per minute, there is a serious threat to human life and the need to conduct an urgent medical treatment.Drugs prescribed to treat bradycardia: atenolol, alupent, atropine.Independently taking these drugs is strictly prohibited, as they are able to cause arrhythmias.

In severe cases bradycardia, implantation of pacemaker.The function of this device is to increase to normal heart rate, which is achieved by electronic pulses sent by the pacemaker.Directly device itself implanted under the pectoralis major muscle

Treatment beats

treatment of each case may be different.In diseases of the central nervous system the patient is recommended counseling therapist and receiving sedatives.If the cause of the illness are other diseases of internal organs, attention is paid to them.Patients suffering from arrythmia recommended refusal of the use of strong tea and coffee, alcohol abuse and smoking.For the treatment of arrhythmia use the following medications: sotalol, amiodarone, beta-blockers (pindolol, propranolol, metoprolol, oxprenolol, talinolol, atenolol)

treatment of atrial fibrillation

In this disease to restore normal heart rhythm using various combinations of antiarrhythmicdrugs (sotalol etatsizin, propafenone, VFS, quinidine, disopyramide, amiodarone).In each case, drugs meticulously selected by the attending physician.

In the absence of proper medical treatment when the results, shows the use of electrical cardioversion.The purpose of this procedure - the restoration of normal heart rate using delivered directly to the heart of the special electrical discharges.Cardioversion can be both internal and external.To eliminate the uncomfortable feeling, this procedure is performed under general anesthesia.


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