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FC: River Valley Civilizations By:Heta Desai

1: Table of Contents Mesopotamia...............pages 1-2 Nile civilization...........pages 3-4 Indus river valley.............pages 5-6 Yellow river civilization...pages 7-8

2: Mesopotamia is located between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers. The people of Mesopotamia were polytheistic. The Mesopotamians wrote in cuneiform. | The Tigris and Euphrates rivers flood at least once a year, providing fertile soil. The government of Mesopotamia was controlled by temple priests. page 1

3: The Mesopotamians created the 60 second unit. The Mesopotamians created the wheel and the sail. | The Sumerians were one of the first people to settle in Mesopotamia. The land that Mesopotamia lies on is called the fertile crescent. Kings, landholders, and some priests at the highest level of society.Wealthy merchants came next and slaves were last. page 2

4: The Egyptian civilization was located in Northeast Africa. The flooding of the Nile river caused the land around the Nile to be fertile. | The Egyptians constructed pyramids which were tombs for pharaohs. The pharaohs were kings and were seen as gods. The Egyptians developed hieroglyphics which is a type of writing. page 3

5: The switch between the fertile land surrounding the Nile and the desert around it is very distinct. The civilization of Egypt was separated into Upper Egypt and Lower Egypt. | The most important gods of the Egyptian religion were Re,the sun god, and Osiris, the god of the dead. Egyptians used mummification to preserve dead bodies. Egyptians created the calender. page 4

6: The Indus river valley civilization was located in and around present day Pakistan. The Indus river valley was separated by mountains in the north and a desert in the south. | The written language of the Indus river valley civilization has not been translated yet. The Indus river valley experiences monsoons. The culture of the Indus river valley civilization was based on agriculture. page 5

7: The Indus river valley civilization formed the beginnings of Hinduism. The Indus river valley civilization developed plumbing and sewage systems. | A tectonic plate shift might have brought an end to the Indus river valley civilization. The Indus civilization had thriving trade. The Indus people developed a grid system to lay cities on. page 6

8: The early Chinese civilization is located between the Yellow and Yangzi rivers. The flooding of the rivers leaves behind loess (fertile soil). The Himalayas are to the south and the Gobi desert is to the north of the civilization. | Family was central to the Chinese society. The Shang Dynasty were the first people to rise to power in the Chinese civilization. Shang society was divided into nobles and peasants. page 7

9: The written language of the Chinese civilization was different from the spoken so that everyone could understand it. The Zhou Dynasty established feudalism. | The Chinese believed that the family ancestors had the power to bring good fortune. The Zhou Dynasty introduced coined money. page 8

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  • By: Heta D.
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