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CBSE Important Questions Physics Electrostatics Class XII

Important Questions
Class XII
Physics : Electrostatics

Questions having one mark each:
  1. Write the S.I unit of
    i. electric field intensity
    ii. Electric dipole moment.
  2. How does the coulomb force between two point charges depend upon the dielectric constant of the intervening medium?
  3. Draw an equipotential surface for a system, consisting of two charges Q, -Q separated by a distance ‘r’ apart.
  4. Show graphically the variation of charge ‘q’ with time’t’ when a condenser is charged.
  5. What orientation of an electric dipole in a uniform electric field would correspond to stable equilibrium?

Questions having 2 marks each:
  1. Two point charges, q1 =10×10-8 C and q2 = -2×10-8 C are separated by a distance of 60 cm in air.
    i. Find at what distance from the 1st charge, q1, would the electric potential be zero.
    ii. Also calculate the electrostatic potential energy of the system.
  2. Two capacitors of capacitance 6µF and 12µF are connected in series with a battery. The voltage across the 6µF capacitor is 2V. Compute the total battery voltage.
    i. parallel to the field,
    ii. perpendicular to the field.
  4. An electric dipole of length 10 cm having charges ± 6×10-3 C, placed at 300 with respect to a uniform electric field experiences a torque of 6√3 N-m. Calculate
    i. magnitude of electric field
    ii. the potential energy of the dipole.
  5. Electric charge is distributed uniformly on the surface of a spherical rubber balloon. Show how the value of electric intensity and potential vary
    i. on the surface
    ii. inside and
    iii. outside?

Questions having 3 mark each:
  1. State Gauss’s theorem in electrostatics. Apply this theorem to derive an expression for electric field intensity at a point near an infinitely long straight charged wire.
  2. Explain the underlying principle of working of a parallel plate capacitor.
    If two similar plates, each of area A having surface charge densities +σ and –σ are separated by a distance‘d’ in air, write the expressions for
    i. The electric field at points between the two plates.
    ii. The potential difference between the plates.
    iii. The capacitance of the capacitor so formed.
  3. A 20 µF capacitor is charged by a 30 V d.c. supply and then connected across an uncharged 50 µF capacitor. Calculate
    i. the final potential difference across the combination.
    ii. Initial and final energies. How will you account for the difference in energies?
  4. The battery remains connected to a parallel plate capacitor and a dielectric slab is inserted between the plates. What will be the effect on its
    i. capacity
    ii. charge
    iii. potential difference
    iv. electric field
    v. energy stored?
  5. Define the term electric potential due to a point charge. Calculate the electric potential at the centre of a square of side √2 m, having charges 100 µC, -50µC, and 20µC and-60µC at the four corners of a square.

Questions having 5 marks each:
  1. Explain the principle on which Van-de-Graaff generator operates. Draw a labeled schematic sketch and write briefly its working. A Van-de- Graaff type generator is capable of building up potential difference of 15×106 V. The dielectric strength of the gas surrounding the electrode is 5×107 Vm-1. What is the minimum radius of the spherical shell required?
  2. An electric dipole is held in a uniform electric field.
    i. Show that no translatory force acts on it.
    ii. Derive an expression for the torque acting on it.
    iii. The dipole is aligned parallel to the field. Calculate the work done in rotating it through 1800

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