Role of Cholesterol In Body Functions

Cholesterol is responsible for several vital biochemical processes in our body. Cholesterol plays an important role in maintaining several vital biochemical processes in our body.For one, it regulates the immunity and defence mechanism systems in our body. It is also respopnsible for transportation of lipid and other vital fats across the body. But perhaps the most vital role played by cholesterol involves providing protection to arteries, veins and muscles of our body.

Cholesterol is essential for the body to function properly. Some of the important functions of cholesterol include:

a)      Cholesterol packs phospholipids from both the sides of cell membrane and forms a large component of our cell membranes. Cholesterol is responsible for maintaining the stiffness, stability and maintenance of cell structure.

b)      Cholesterol is responsible for preventing crystallization of fatty acids and provides optimal temperature to maintain the desired fluidity of membranes. This also prevents accumulation of phospholipids in the cell membrane.

c)      Cholesterol is responsible for proper synthesis of neurotransmitters, which is essential for propagation of nerve impulses through neurons.

d)      Cholesterol plays vital role in secretion of several other vital enzymes and hormones including aldosterone, cortisol, estrogen, cortisone, progesterone, testosterone and Ubiquinone.

e)      Cholesterol plays an important role in synthesis of Vitamin D3 which is responsible for proper bone calcification.

f)        Cholesterol is a precursor to other vital molecules that are important for functioning of the body.


High cholesterol primarily results is the atherosclerosis (thickening or hardening of various arteries). Depending on the artery that is affected, high cholesterol may result in different complications like:

Name of Disease Affected Artery
Myocardial infarction, Angina pectoris (angina) Coronary arteries
Stroke (thrombosis of any of the arteries supplying blood to the brain) Cerebral arteries
aortic dissection or aneurysm Aorta
Arteritis obliterans Lower limbs
Nephroangiosclerosis Renal arteries

Contrary to popular belief, exceedingly low choleserol level is also not good. Extremely Low cholesterol level can result in sloppy arteries and can hinder with the normal blood circulation in the body.

Cholesterol density level of 50-200 mg per 100 ml of blood is considered optimal.