Bio142 Ph5 Ip


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  • This presentation is meant to educate staff members on pyelonephritis. This will allow them to be informed enough to educate patients they are seeing regarding this type of infection. A discussion of the urinary system is needed to properly understand what parts of the body it affects. There will also be discussion of the symptoms and treatment of pyelonephritis.
  • The Kidneys-shaped like a bean on both left and right sides. The kidneys job is to control the composition, volume, and pH of the body’s fluids.They remove the waste that are metabolic from the blood and it excretes them.The kidneys also normalize the rate of red blood cell construction.The Urinary BladderThis is a hollow, muscular, distensible organ.Located slightly above the urethra.In the female, the bladder touches the vagina and uterus walls.In the male, the bladder is posteriorly located next to the rectum.The bladder holds the urine until it is time to discard it through the urethra and sexual organs.The UretersThis organ is shaped like a tube and there are 2 on each side connecting directly to the kidneys and urinary bladder.Ureters transport urine from the kidneys to the bladder.The UrethraIs a tube-like organ that pushes the urine out of the body. Located within the sexual organs of both male and females.Female urethras are about 4 cm long. (It has 2 sections)Male Urethras are about 19.5 cm long. (It has 3 sections) (Shier, Butler& Lewis 2007)
  • Urine is made from wastes, water and glucose your body absorbs or ingests. Nephrons in the kidneys break down this waste and push it through the renal pelvis. It is then passed into one of two ureters and then on to the urinary bladder. The urethra is what pushes the urine out of the body through the penis or vagina (Shier, Butler& Lewis 2007).
  • If the kidneys cannot be properly flushed, the urinary tract and kidneys become infected causing some very unwanted discomfort (National Kidney and Urologic Diseases Information Clearinghouse (NKUDIC), 2007).
  • If any of these symptoms occur, especially together, it is pertinent that the person seek medical attention at once. If a kidney infection is not treated promptly, it can cause serious damage. Scarring can start to formulate on the kidneys and this would be a really bad thing(NKUDIC, 2007).
  • A doctor will take a proper examination to find out the severity of the infection. Once this is completed the doctor will confer with the patient on a plan of action. If the patient cannot keep down liquids and appears to be dehydrated, the doctor may request that they remain in the hospital for a day or two until they can hold down liquids on their own(NKUDIC, 2007).
  • Bio142 Ph5 Ip

    1. 1. Pyelonephritis<br />Sherri Luallen<br />BIO142-0902B-05/Phase 5 IP<br />Instructor: Dr. O. Vines<br />Colorado Technical University<br />June 23, 2009<br />
    2. 2. What is Pyelonephritis?<br /><ul><li>A Kidney Infection.
    3. 3. It happens in women more often than men.
    4. 4. It is Caused by Escherichia coli bacteria which is usually located in the large intestine.
    5. 5. “Infections usually ascend from the genital area through the urethra to the bladder, up the ureters, into the kidneys”(Shankel,2007).</li></li></ul><li>What is in the Urinary System?<br />A trip through the urinary system.<br /><ul><li>The urinary system is made up of the kidneys, urinary bladder, ureters, and urethra.</li></ul>Female Urinary System <br />Male Urinary System<br /><ul><li>Kidneys (L&R)
    6. 6. Urinary Bladder
    7. 7. Ureters (L&R)
    8. 8. Urethra</li></ul>Images: (Touch of Life Technologies, 2008)<br />
    9. 9. How Urine is Moved!<br />Image: (Touch of Life Technologies, 2008)<br />Waste, water, glucose and extra salt is broken down.<br />Urine is then pushed through the Ureters!<br />The Urinary Bladder collects the urine.<br />The Urethra pushes the urine out through the vagina or penis.<br />Filtration + Reabsorption + Secretion = Urine Output<br />
    10. 10. What are Causes of Pyelonephritis<br />Bladder infections<br />Catheterization<br />If a cystoscope is used examine the urethra and bladder<br />Urinary tract surgeries<br />“conditions such as prostate enlargement and kidney stones that prevent the efficient flow of urine from the bladder”(NKUDIC, 2007). <br />If the urinary tract has defects or abnormalities that obstruct the path of the urine.<br />Kidney stones<br />
    11. 11. <ul><li>Pain in the side, groin and/or back
    12. 12. Having to urinate frequently and urgently
    13. 13. Urinating is painful and/or burns
    14. 14. fever
    15. 15. The feeling of nausea and/or vomiting
    16. 16. The urine has a pus in it or is bloody </li></ul>Symptoms of Pyelonephritis <br />
    17. 17. Treatment<br /><ul><li>Antibiotics
    18. 18. These are taken for many weeks
    19. 19. Hospitalization can occur depending on the severity of the infection.
    20. 20. Any abnormalities that are associated with the infection may have to be taken out.
    21. 21. Pain medication may also be administered
    22. 22. An electric heating pad may also be used to help with inflammation, pain, and discomfort.</li></li></ul><li>References<br />Shankel, MD, S. (2007, September). Kidney Infection (Pyelonephritis) . In      Merck Manual Online Medical Library. Retrieved June 25, 2009, from <br />Shier, D., Butler, J., & Lewis, R. (2007). Chapter 20: The Urinary System. In      Hole&apos; Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th ed., pp. 791-822). Michelle      Watnick: McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.<br />The National Kidney and Urologic Diseases Information Clearinghouse (NKUDIC). (2007, June). Pyelonephritis (Kidney Infection) in Adults. Retrieved June 25, 2009, from National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) Web site: <br />Touch of Life Technologies (Toltec). (2008). VH Dissector Lite (Version 4.7.1) [Computer software]. Colorado: Touch of Life Technologies.<br />