Pharmacology Vocab Part 2

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Pharmacology Vocab Part 2
2014-06-07 04:09:38

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  1. antibacterial
    drugs used to destroy or inhibit the growth of bacteria
  2. local anesthetic
    produces loss of sensation in a limited area of the body by "deadening" the nerves in that area
  3. general anesthetic
    produce unconciousness with muscle relaxation and suppression of reflexes
  4. regional anesthetic
    • injected into the space between the membranes surrounding the sacrococcygeal area of the spinal cord to produce anesthesia from the area of injection down
    • epidural
    • peripheral nerve block
  5. antacid
    gastrointestinal drug which neutralizes the acid in the stomach
  6. antiarrhythmic
    cardiovascular drug which helps to restore heart rhythm to a regular cycle
  7. anticonvulsant
    a drug used to to prevent convulsions, such as in epilepsy
  8. antidiarrheal
    drug used to prevent diarrhea
  9. antinauseant
    agent which relieves nausea and vomiting
  10. cardiotonic
    drug which promotes the muscle tone (contractility) of the heart
  11. cathartic
    strong laxative
    drug which relieves constipation
  12. cumulation
    administration of small repeated doses of a drug so that the drug builds up, or accumulates in the body
  13. depressant
    agent that reduces functional activity
  14. hospital formulary
    hospital reference listing of drugs and their appropriate clinical usage for that particular hospital
  15. hypnotic
    an agent which induces sleep or dulls the senses
  16. metabolism
    • combined chemical and physical process that takes place in the body
    • how the body rids itself of the drug
    • involves the distribution of nutrients and results in growth, energy production, elimination of wastes, and other body functions
  17. parasympathomimetic agent
    drug which acts in the same manner as the parasympathetic nervous system (reduces heart rate and stimulates peristalsis (smooth contractions of the digestive tract)
  18. parenteral administration
    administration of drugs by injection into the skin, muscles or veins
  19. phenothiazines
    major tranquilizers used for control of psychosis
  20. Sulfonamides
    (a family of antibiotics)
    • antibacterial agents that act by halting the growth and reproduction of bacteria but do not kill the bacteria
    • true antibiotics do kill, sulfas just inhibit
  21. sympathomimetic
    • drug which acts like the sympathetic nervous system (increases heart rate, BP and opens air passages)
    • this drug is our fight or flight reaction eg adrenaline. works in balance with a parasympathomimetic agent
  22. toxicity
    harmful effects of a drug to the degree of being poisonous
  23. tranquilizers
    • drugs used to control anxiety
    • calming effect
  24. antiparkinson agent
    used in the tx of Parkinson's disease
  25. anxiolytic
    drugs used to relieve anxiety and tension
  26. antipsychotic
    given to reduce mental tension and anxiety related to psychotic disorders
  27. antidepressant
    used to relieve depression
  28. insulin
    hormone necessary for the metabolism of carbohydrates. lowers blood sugar.
  29. oral hypoglycemic
    drugs to control hyperglycemia in stable or mild conditions of diabetes mellitus
  30. glucocorticoids
    steroid drugs used to treat inflammatory conditions and severe allergic reactions
  31. antitussive expectorant
    drugs that facilitate expectoration and control cough
  32. bronchodilator
    open up constricted air passages. they act by dilating the bronchial tubes
  33. statin
    drugs used to reduce blood cholesterol
  34. antiretroviral drugs
    • drugs used in the tx of HIV or AIDS
    • ARV's
    • anti-HIV or anti-AIDS drugs
  35. antineoplastic agents
    drugs used to prevent or inhibit the maturation and proliferation (increase of numbers) of neoplasms
  36. cathartic/laxative
    drugs used to treat constipation
  37. antidiarrheals
    used to treat diarrhea
  38. anti-secretory agents
    drugs used to treat ulcers by reducing gastric acid secretion
  39. cardiac drugs
    affect the heart by improving its pumping action
  40. antihypertensive agents
    treat high BP
  41. vasodilating agents
    cause the blood vessels to dilate
  42. antianginal agents
    management of angina/chest pain
  43. diuretics
    increase urine production, which aids in lowering BP
  44. vitamins
    essential for the maintenance of normal body functions
  45. antihistamines
    treat allergic reactions and post-operative nausea/vomiting
  46. iron deficiency treatment
    drugs used to treat anemia
  47. parasympatholyics
    overcome spasm of involuntary muscle and inhibit secretions
  48. potassium supplement
    drugs to help replace postassium expelled in urine
  49. antiseptic throat lozenge
    used to treat a minor sore throat

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