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Skeletal System C3S

Chapter 3

ankyl/-o crooked , bent
arthr/o- joint; articulation
chondr/o- cartilage
cost/o- "rib": costicartilage
crani/o- skull
kyph/o- prefix meaning "hump":
myel/o- "spinal cord or bone marrow":
lord/o- the anterior concavity in the curvature of the lumbar and cervical spine as viewed from the side.
oss/e- bone
oss/i- prefix meaning "bone
osto/o- Bone marrow on the outside
oste/o- bone.
scoli/o- severe curvation
spondyl/o- vertebra; vertebral column
synovi/o- synovial membrane
synov/o- synovial membrane
sub- means substitute for the bone
meta- Situated behind: metacarpus
-um noun ending
-lysis Decomposition; dissolving; disintegration
-desis a deadly disease
acetabulum the cup-shaped cavity on the lateral surface of the hip bone, receiving the head of the femur.
allogenic denoting an individual or cell type that is from the same species but genetically distinct
ankylosing spondylitis inflammation of the joints in the spine.
arthrodesis the surgical fixation of a joint by a procedure designed to accomplish fusion of the joint surfaces by promoting the proliferation of bone cells;
arthroscopy examination of a joint, specifically, the inside structures
autologous Of or relating to a natural, normal occurrence in a certain type of tissue or in a specific structure of the body.
chondroma a benign tumor or tumor-like growth of mature hyaline cartilage. It may remain centrally within the substance of a cartilage or bone (enchondroma) or may develop on the surface (juxtacortical or periosteal c.) .
chondromalacia abnormal softening of cartilage
comminuted fracture one in which the bone is splintered or crushed
compression fracture one in which the bone is splintered or crushed
costochondritis inflammation and associated tenderness of the cartilage
craniostenosis Premature closure of the cranial sutures, resulting in malformation of the skull.
crepitation a dry sound like that of grating the ends of a fractured bone.
dual x-ray absorptionmetry
fibrous dysplasia abnormal condition characterized by the fibrous displacement of the osseous tissue within the bones affected
hallux valgus angulation of the great toe toward the other toes.
hemopoietic to make related to the process of formation and development of the various types of blood cells
internal fixation The stabilization of fractured bony parts by direct fixation to one another with surgical wires, screws, pins, or plates
Juvenile Rheumatoid arthritis eumatoid arthritis in children, with swelling, tenderness, and pain involving one or more joints, sometimes leading to impaired growth and development, limitation of movement, and ankylosis and flexion contractures of the joint
kyphosis Kyphosis is the extreme curvature of the upper back also known as a hunchback.
lordosis abnormal increase in this curvature
lumboago pain in the lumbar region
malleolus a rounded process, such as the protuberance on either side of the ankle joint at the lower end of the fibula and the tibia
manubrium handle-like structure or part, such as the manubrium of the sternum.
matacarpals the part of the hand between the wrist and fingers, its skeleton being five bones
metatarsals pertaining to the metatarsus
open fracture one in which a wound through the adjacent or overlying soft tissues communicates with the site of the break.
orthopedic surgion surgery performed by a medical specialist
orthotic serving to protect or to restore or improve function; pertaining to the use or application of an orthosis.
osteitis inflammation of bone
osteochondroma A benign cartilaginous neoplasm that consists of a pedicle of normal bone covered with a rim of proliferating cartilage cells.
osteoclasis surgical fracture or refracture of bones
osteomalacia inadequate or delayed mineralization of osteoid in mature cortical and spongy bone
osteomyelitis Osteomyelitis refers to a bone infection, almost always caused by a bacteria. Over time, the result can be destruction of the bone itself.
osteonecrosis necrosis of a bone
osteopenia any decrease in bone mass below the normal.
osteoporosis bones lose an excessive amount of their protein and mineral content, particularly calcium. Over time, bone mass, and therefore bone strength, is decreased. As a result, bones become fragile and break easily
osteoprotic hip fracture a easily broken hip
osteorraphy fixation of fragments of bone with sutures or wires.
Paget's disease an extramammary counterpart of Paget's disease (2), usually involving the vulva, and sometimes other sites, as the perianal and axillary regions.
pathological fracture one due to weakening of the bone structure by pathologic processes, such as neoplasia, osteomalacia, or osteomyelitis
percutaneous vertebroplasty Percutaneous vertebroplasty is a minimally invasive surgical procedure that strengthens spinal bones that have been damaged by cancer.
periostitis Inflammation of the periosteum.
podiatrist A physician who specializes in the medical care and treatment of the human foot.
prosthesis an artificial substitute for a missing body part, such as an arm, leg, eye, or tooth; used for functional or cosmetic reasons or both.
rheumatoid arthritis chronic autoimmune disease that causes inflammation and deformity of the joints
rickets Rickets is a childhood condition caused by serious vitamin D deficiency. This lacking in vitamin D results in weak, soft bones, along with slowed growth and skeletal development
scoliosis Scoliosis is a side-to-side curvature of the spine.
spinal fracture fracture of the spinal cord
spondylolisthesis Forward displacement of one of the lower lumbar vertebrae over the vertebra below it or over the sacrum
spondylosis ankylosis of a vertebral joint
subluxation incomplete or partial dislocation
synovectomy excision of a synovial membrane
vertebrae Bones in the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar regions of the body that make up the vertebral column
Compression fracture Compression fractures occur when the vertebrae collapse,
Created by: 303586