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Force and Pressure by Mind Map: Force and Pressure
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Force and Pressure

What is a Force?

A push of pull

What are the effects of forces?

Change the speed of a moving object, either by increasing its speed or slowing it down

Change the shape of an object or size of an object

Change the direction of a moving object

Start an object moving or stop a moving object

you cannot see a force but you can see the effects of forces.

How can we measure a force?

Using a force-meter

Spring-balances, Extension spring balance, Spring stretches when a force pulls on it, Compression spring balance, Spring is compressed when a force acts on it

SI Unit: Newton(N)

What are the important forces around us?

Frictional Force

Occurs whenever there are two moving surfaces in contact

Slows down and stops a moving object

Produces heat

Friction can be useful, Friction holds a nail in the wall, Friction between the wheel and the brakes slow down the bicycle, Friction between our feet and the ground gives us the grip needed to walk and run

Friction can be a problem, Makes movement more difficult, Wears away materials

Ways to reduce Friction, Use smooth surfaces, Ball bearings, Lubrication, Streamlining

Magnetic Force

Magnets can attract objects made of iron and steel

Magnets exert a force called magnetic force

Examples of Magnetic Force, Magnetic catch for the door of a cabinet keeps the door shut, The needle of a compass is a small magnet. A compass is used to give directions, A magnet attracts steel pin. Picking up the pins ourselves may injure our fingers, A crane uses a powerful magnet to lift iron and steel objects

Forces between magnets, Magnets can exert a force on other magnets, Bar magnets each have a North and South pole, Like poles repel (Push), Unlike poles attract (Pull)

Gravitational Force

A force that pulls objects towards the Earth

Exists between any two objects


Weight of an object depends on the force of gravity pulling on that object

The greater the force of gravity pulling on an object, the heavier the object

What is Pressure?

The amount of area applied onto an object

Pressure depends on 2 things: 1) Force 2) Area

The pressure increases when the force increases, while the area decreases

Increasing Pressure by reducing Area

For the same force, when a smaller surface is in contact with an object, the pressure exerted on the object is higher

Reducing Pressure by increasing Area

Low pressures are needed when people or machines move on soft ground or snow

When a larger surface is in contact with the ground, the pressure exerted on the ground is lower, so people and machines can move without sinking

Calculating Pressure

Pressure is the force acting per unit area

Pressure = Force divided by Area

Unit of Force is newton (N)

(Pa) is the SI unit for Pressure