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Harmonic Balancer

Harmonic Balancer

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Harmonic Balancer at 1A Auto

What is a harmonic balancer and where is it located?

While the harmonic balancer may sound like it should be some sort of quest item in a video game or fantasy novel, it is actually an important part of your engine’s functioning. It can be found at the front of the engine connected to the end of the crankshaft. It helps to dampen the vibrations of the crankshaft, and for this reason it is sometimes called a crankshaft damper (or dampener) or a torsional damper (or dampener). In addition to these, you may also hear a few other names used when referring to a harmonic balancer, including:

  • Harmonic damper 
  • Crank pulley damper
  • Vibration damper



In many vehicles, the harmonic balancer serves double duty, also acting as the crank shaft pulley, which drives the serpentine belt to run the water pump, alternator, and other engine accessories. For this purpose, the outside of the ring will have timing marks and pulley grooves.

How do I know if my harmonic balancer needs to be replaced?


The ability of the harmonic balancer to dampen torsional vibrations can be compromised by damage or wear to the rubber ring. Heat generated by the engine and from the forces experienced by the harmonic balancer can wear down the rubber over time. The rubber can also be degraded by oil leaking from the engine. If the rubber wears down it may separate from the outer metal ring, making the harmonic balancer less effective. Separation of the outer ring may cause a knocking noise. If the outer ring separates completely from the rubber and comes off, it could damage nearby engine parts. 



Can I replace a harmonic balancer myself?


The repair may involve the removal of systems like the air intake, radiator, and serpentine belt to access the harmonic balancer. To remove the balancer you will need a tool called a harmonic balancer puller and a method to keep the crankshaft in place, such as making a holding tool with a plank of wood. Keep the crank shaft in place and loosen the balancer bolt. Then mount the puller with two or three bolts to the balancer, and tighten the puller. This should loosen the harmonic balancer pulley and then pull it free. 

To reinstall, line up the balancer and tap it into place. Then tighten the harmonic balancer bolt into place. Keep the crankshaft in place, and tighten the bolt to the pulley. There are many ways to install the bolt, like using a special tool or building your own holding tool and it is best to stick with a method good for your engine. Then torque the harmonic balancer bolt to the vehicle's torque specification. Then reinstall the serpentine belt and any other parts removed like the air intake and engine cover.


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