Conservative force

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Conservative forces are those that possess certain properties:[1]

  1. The work it does on a particle is independent of its trajectory.
  1. The work done on a particle that moves along a closed trajectory (where the initial and final positions are the same, or di = df) = 0) is zero.
  1. The force can be written as the negative of the gradient of a potential energy function, i.e. .
  1. The curl of the force, is zero,

When the only forces present in a system are conservative, energy is conserved.

Examples of conservative forces include:

Friction is an example of a non-conservative force:

