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El Salvador: People & Society#

Population6,125,512 (July 2014 est.)
Population growth rate0.27% (2014 est.)
Age structure0-14 years: 28.1% (male 882,185/female 837,646)
15-24 years: 20.8% (male 640,322/female 635,409)
25-54 years: 37.5% (male 1,056,779/female 1,243,220)
55-64 years: 6.9% (male 182,937/female 224,019)
65 years and over: 6.7% (male 187,664/female 235,331) (2014 est.)
Sex ratioat birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
0-14 years: 1.05 male(s)/female
15-24 years: 1.01 male(s)/female
25-54 years: 0.85 male(s)/female
55-64 years: 0.93 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.8 male(s)/female
total population: 0.93 male(s)/female (2014 est.)
Birth rate16.79 births/1,000 population (2014 est.)
Death rate5.67 deaths/1,000 population (2014 est.)
Ethnic groupsmestizo 86.3%, white 12.7%, Amerindian 1% (2007 census)
Infant mortality ratetotal: 18.44 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 20.52 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 16.27 deaths/1,000 live births (2014 est.)
LanguagesSpanish (official), Nahua (among some Amerindians)
Life expectancy at birthtotal population: 74.18 years
male: 70.9 years
female: 77.62 years (2014 est.)
Literacydefinition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 84.5%
male: 87.1%
female: 82.3% (2010 est.)
Nationalitynoun: Salvadoran(s)
adjective: Salvadoran
Net migration rate-8.44 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2014 est.)
Total fertility rate1.95 children born/woman (2014 est.)
HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate0.6% (2012)
HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS24,900 (2012)
HIV/AIDS - deaths1,000 (2012)
Median agetotal: 25.6 years
male: 24.1 years
female: 27.1 years (2014 est.)
Major infectious diseasesdegree of risk: high
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea
vectorborne diseases: dengue fever (2013)
male: 12 years
female: 12 years (2012)
Education expenditures3.4% of GDP (2011)
Urbanizationurban population: 64% of total population (2010)
Drinking water sourceimproved: urban: 94.2% of population
rural: 81.4% of population
total: 89.7% of population
unimproved: urban: 5.8% of population
rural: 18.6% of population
total: 10.3% of population (2011 est.)
Sanitation facility accessimproved: urban: 79.4% of population
rural: 52.6% of population
total: 70% of population
unimproved: urban: 20.6% of population
rural: 47.4% of population
total: 30% of population (2011 est.)
Major urban areas - populationSAN SALVADOR (capital) 1.605 million (2011)
Maternal mortality rate81 deaths/100,000 live births (2010)
Children under the age of 5 years underweight6.6% (2008)
Health expenditures6.8% of GDP (2011)
Physicians density1.6 physicians/1,000 population (2008)
Hospital bed density1 beds/1,000 population (2011)
Obesity - adult prevalence rate25.8% (2008)
Unemployment, youth ages 15-24total: 12.4%
male: 12.8%
female: 11.7% (2012)
Child labor - children ages 5-14total number: 179,303
percentage: 4 %
note: data represents children ages 5-17 (2007 est.)
Mother's mean age at first birth20.8 (2008 est.)
Demographic profileEl Salvador is the smallest and most densely populated country in Central America. It is well into its demographic transition, experiencing slower population growth, a decline in its number of youths, and the gradual aging of its population. The increased use of family planning has substantially lowered El Salvador's fertility rate, from approximately 6 children per woman in the 1970s to replacement level today. A 2008 national family planning survey showed that female sterilization remained the most common contraception method in El Salvador - its sterilization rate is among the highest in Latin America and the Caribbean - but that the use of injectable contraceptives is growing. Fertility differences between rich and poor and urban and rural women are narrowing.
Salvadorans fled during the 1979 to 1992 civil war mainly to the United States but also to Canada and to neighboring Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, and Costa Rica. Emigration to the United States increased again in the 1990s and 2000s as a result of deteriorating economic conditions, natural disasters (Hurricane Mitch in 1998 and earthquakes in 2001), and family reunification. At least 20% of El Salvador's population lives abroad. The remittances they send home account for close to 20% of GDP, are the second largest source of external income after exports, and have helped reduce poverty.
Contraceptive prevalence rate72.5%
note: percent of women aged 15-44 (2008)
Dependency ratiostotal dependency ratio: 59 %
youth dependency ratio: 47.6 %
elderly dependency ratio: 11.3 %
potential support ratio: 8.8 (2013)