How Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) Works

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol

How Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) Works is a client/server protocol that gives an IP address to an IP host. additionally, to the IP address, the DHCP server also provides configuration-related information like the default gateway and subnet mask. When a Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol client device boots up, it participates in traffic broadcasting.

DHCP can assign IP configuration to hosts connecting to a network. The distribution of IP configuration to hosts simplifies the administrator’s work to take care of IP networks.

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DHCP servers maintain TCP/IP configuration information during a database like valid TCP/IP configuration parameters, valid IP addresses, and duration of the lease offered by the server. It provides address configurations to DHCP-enabled clients within the sort of a lease offer.

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Working of DHCP:

  1. The client broadcasts DHCPDISCOVER/SOLICIT request asking for DHCP Configuration information.
  2. DHCP-relay agent captures the client request and unicasts it to the DHCP servers available within the network.
  3. Relay agent broadcasts DHCPOFFER/ADVERTISE within the client’s subnet.
  4. The client broadcasts DHCPREQUEST/REQUEST asking DHCP server to supply the DHCP configuration information.
  5. The DHCP server sends unicast DHCPACK/REPLY message to the client with the IP config and information.

Benefits of DHCP

DHCP provides the following benefits.

    • Centralized and automated TCP/IP configuration.
    • The efficient handling of IP address changes for clients that must be updated frequently, such as those for portable devices that move to different locations on a wireless network.
    • The forwarding of initial DHCP messages by using a DHCP relay agent, which eliminates the need for a DHCP server on every subnet.

DHCP port number for the server is 67 and for the client is 68. It is a Client-server protocol which uses UDP services. An IP address is assigned from a pool of addresses. In Training ECIHv2 you learn How DHCP works join Infosavvy Chennai Location.

Also Read:- DHCP Request/Reply Messages

Questions related to this topic

  1. What are the steps a client uses to acquire an address from a DHCP server?
  2. What is the IP address of the DHCP server?
  3. What are the 4 steps of DHCP?
  4. How does DHCP assign IP addresses?
  5. How Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) Works?

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