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lacrimal apparatus


extrinsic eye muscles

skeletal muscles that attach to the outside of the eyeball and bones of the orbit

intrinsic eye muscles

smooth muscles located within the eye


regulates size of pupil; colored part of the eye that consists of smooth muscle fibers that form a doughnut-shaped structure; attaches to the ciliary body

ciliary muscle

controls shape of lens


outer layer; tough, white, fibrous tissue


outer layer; the transparent anterior portion that lies over the iris; no blood vessels found


middle layer; pigmented membrane lining more than two thirds of the posterior fibrous outer coat

ciliary body

thickening of choroid; fits between the anterior margin of retina and posterior margin

suspensory ligament

attached to the ciliary processes and blends with the elastic capsule of the lens to hold it in place

optic nerve

second cranial nerve extends from eyeball to brain

retina blood vessels

critical to normal visual function

anterior chamber

contains aqueous humor; space anterior to the iris and posterior to the cornea

posterior chamber

contains vitreous humor; small space posterior to the iris and anterior to the lens

fovea centralis

small depression in the center of a yellowish area

macula (macula lutea)

yellowish area found near center of retina

optic disk (blind spot)

small circular area in the posterior part of the eyeball; light rays striking this area cannot be seen


hole-shaped opening in middle of iris; controlled by the iris to adjust amount of light


helps refract light to be focused on the retina

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