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passageway for air and food

tidal volume

the amount of air that moves in or out during a single respiration cycle

vital capacity

maxium amount of air a prson can exhale after taking the deepest breathe possible

nose, nasal cavity, sinuses, and pharynx

upper respiratory tract

larynx, trachea, bronchial tree, and lungs

lower respiratory tract

thyroid cartilage

largest cartilage is called what also known as adams apple

vocal chords

inside of larynx, two pair of folds of muscle and connective tissue covered with mucous membrane make up the what?


triagluar slit that air passes through


closes the glottis off when swallowing


where does actual gas exchange take place


the movement of air in and out of the lungs

atmospheric pressure

the force that moves air into the lungs


keeps the alveoli from sticking to each other

tidal volume

volume of air that enters and leave th elungs during one respiratory cycle

inspiratory reserve volume

additional volume that can be inhaled by forced inspiration

expiratory reserve volume

additional volume that cna be exhaled by force expiration

residual volume

air remaining in bronchial tree after exhalation

carbon dioxide

control levels of oxygen in blood

carbon dioxide, oxygen, blood pH

3 things that affect breathing


only site of gas exchange between the atmosphere and the blood

alveolar duct

alveoli are tiny sacs delivered at the distal ends of what?


98% of oxygen is carried in blood bound to what


the portions of the laynx that prevent foriegn objects from entering the trachea are the ?

cartilaginous rings

the trachea is maintained in an open position by

visceral pleura

serous membrane covering the lungs is the

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