AKT1 Proteins

AKT1 (AKT Serine/Threonine Kinase 1) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with AKT1 include Proteus Syndrome and Cowden Syndrome 6. Among its related pathways are Signaling by GPCR and Regulation of TP53 Activity. Gene Ontology (GO) annotations related to this gene include identical protein binding and protein kinase activity. An important paralog of this gene is AKT3.

The following recombinant AKT1 proteins are manufactured in house under a complete QC system by CUSABIO. They are expressed by Yeast, E.coli, Baculovirus, Mammalian cell, In Vivo Biotinylation in E.coli. Highlights of these recombinant AKT1 proteins as follow:
In addition, various options on sizes, excellent technical support, and recombinant AKT1 proteins custom service will be also offered.

AKT1 Proteins Catalog

AKT1 Proteins for Homo sapiens (Human)

AKT1 Proteins for Mus musculus (Mouse)

AKT1 Proteins for Rattus norvegicus (Rat)

AKT1 Proteins for Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly)

AKT1 Proteins for Xenopus laevis (African clawed frog)

AKT1 Proteins for Oryza sativa subsp. japonica (Rice)

AKT1 Proteins for Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress)

AKT1 Proteins for Oryza sativa subsp. indica (Rice)

AKT1 Background

AKT1, encoded by the Akt1 gene, is the predominantly expressed isoform of the AKT family. AKT was named after a cell transforming retrovirus found in a spontaneous thymic lymphoma of an AKR mouse [1]. It is also called RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase, v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog, or protein kinase B (PKB). AKT1 mainly localizes at the plasma membrane and cytosol, and it may translocate to the nucleus after growth factor stimulation [2][3]. AKT1 is activated by phosphorylation at two regulatory sites Thr308 and Ser473 through various factors such as insulin, PI3K (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase), and IGF1 (insulin-like growth factor 1) [4][5]. Activated AKT1 phosphorylates serine or threonine residues on a range of downstream substrates regulating cell growth, metabolism, apoptosis, angiogenesis, and drug responses. AKT1 kinase helps control apoptosis, which is the self-destruction of cells when they become damaged or are no longer needed. Due to its involvement in various cellular processes that promote cell survival and growth, the AKT pathway is a major target for cancer drug discovery. The PI3K/AKT/mammalian target of the rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway is hyperactivated or altered in many cancers and regulates a broad range of cellular processes including survival, proliferation, growth, metabolism, angiogenesis, and metastasis [6]. The RAF/MEK/ERK pathway is a main compensatory pathway in the downstream events of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway [7]. Furthermore, activation of AKT and Ras pathways is often implicated in carcinogenesis [7]. AKT1 also stimulates glucose uptake by mediating insulin-induced translocation of Glut-4 (glucose transporter 4) to the plasma membrane of fat and muscle cells [8]. Post-mortem brain studies of schizophrenic patients have identified a reduced level of AKT1 in the frontal cortex [9]. Besides, the AKT1 signaling pathway also mediates FOXO1-dependent autophagy induced by FOXO3 [10].

[1] Staal, S. P. Molecular cloning of the akt oncogene and its human homologues AKT1 and AKT2: amplification of AKT1 in a primary human gastric adenocarcinoma [J]. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA . 1987, 84:5034.
[2] Andjelkovic M., Alessi D. R., et al. Role of translocation in the activation and function of protein kinase B [J]. J. Biol. Chem. 1997, 272, 31515-31524.
[3] Meier R., Alessi D. R., et al. Mitogenic activation, phosphorylation, and nuclear translocation of protein kinase Bbeta [J]. J. Biol. Chem. 1997, 272, 30491-30497.
[4] Alessi DR, Andjelkovic M, et al. Mechanism of activation of protein kinase B by insulin and IGF-1 [J]. EMBO J. 1996; 15:6541–6551.
[5] Kitamura T, Ogawa W, et al. Requirement for activation of the serine-threonine kinase Akt (protein kinase B) in insulin stimulation of protein synthesis but not of glucose transport [J]. Mol Cell Biol. 1998;18:3708-3717.
[6] Ersahin T, Tuncbag N, et al. The PI3K/AKT/mTOR interactive pathway [J]. Mol Biosyst. 2015 Jul;11(7):1946-54.
[7] Ho C1, Wang C, et al. AKT (v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 1) and N-Ras (neuroblastoma ras viral oncogene homolog) coactivation in the mouse liver promotes rapid carcinogenesis by way of mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1), FOXM1 (forkhead box M1)/SKP2, and c-Myc pathways [J]. Hepatology. 2012 Mar;55(3):833-45.
[8] Kohn AD, Summers SA, et al. Expression of a constitutively active Akt Ser/Thr kinase in 3T3-L1 adipocytes stimulates glucose uptake and glucose transporter 4 translocation [J]. J Biol Chem. 1996; 271:31372-31378.
[9] Cohen MM Jr. The AKT genes and their roles in various disorders [J]. Am J Med Genet A. 2013 Dec;161A(12):2931-7.
[10] Jingyi Zhou, Wenjuan Liao, et al. FOXO3 induces FOXO1-dependent autophagy by activating the AKT1 signaling pathway [J]. Autophagy vol. 8,12 (2012): 1712-23.


