Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia

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Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
Socijalistička Federativna Republika Jugoslavija
Социјалистичка Федеративна Република Југославија


Flag Coat of arms
Bratstvo i jedinstvo
"Brotherhood and Unity"
"Hej Slaveni"
"Hey, Slavs"
Capital Belgrade
Language(s) Serbo-Croatian,
Slovene, and Macedonian
Government Federal socialist republic
Single-party state
 - 1945 - 1953 (first) Ivan Ribar
 - 1953 - 1980 Josip Broz Tito
 - 1991 - 1992 (last) Stjepan Mesić
Prime Minister
 - 1945 - 1953 (first) Josip Broz Tito
 - 1989 - 1991 (last) Ante Marković
Historical era Cold War
 - Proclamation November 29, 1945
 - UN membership 24 October 1945
 - Constitutional reform 21 February 1974
 - Secessions 25 June 1991 - 27 April 1992 1992
 - July 1989 255,804 km2 (98,766 sq mi)
 - July 1989 est. 23,724,919 
     Density 92.7 /km2  (240.2 /sq mi)
Currency Yugoslav dinar
Calling code +38
Preceded by
Succeeded by
Kingdom of Yugoslavia
Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946)
Republic of Macedonia
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Federal Republic of Yugoslavia

The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia was the Yugoslav state that existed from the second half of World War II (1945) until it was formally dissolved in 1992 (de facto dissolved in 1991 with no leaders representing it) amid the Yugoslav wars. It was a socialist state and a federation made up of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia, and Slovenia. In 1992, the two remaining states still committed to a union, Serbia and Montenegro, formed the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, which had not been recognized as the successor of the SFRY by international leaders.

A provisional parliament met in August 1945, comprising delegates from all parts of the country plus 68 representatives of prewar political parties and 13 independents. Elections for a bicameral parliament, which was to comprise a federal council and a council of nationalities and was to have the powers of a constituent assembly, were held on 11 November 1945: no political opposition to the People's Front was allowed. This situation caused the three royalist representatives, Grol-Subasic-Juraj Sutej, to secede from the provisional government indeed voting was on a single list of People's Front candidates with provision for opposition votes to be cast in separate voting boxes but this procedure made electors identifiable by OZNA agents. A powerful election campaign was mounted to ensure a large majority for Josip Broz Tito's People's Front, the general organization behind which the communist party operated.[1][2]

Legacy[change | change source]

The modern countries whose territory formerly made up Yugoslavia are still today sometimes called the "former Yugoslavia". These countries are:

References[change | change source]

  1. Encyclopædia Britannica, 1967 edition, vol. 23, page 923, article: "Yugoslavia", section: communist Yugoslavia <<All persons over 18 years of age and enlisted people regardless of age were given the vote. Those accused of collaboration were disenfranchised. No political opposition to the People's Front was allowed>>
  2. Communist Yugoslavia, 1969, published in Australia by association of Yugoslav dissident emigrants, pages 4-75-115-208 <<Election was not in secret ballot because provision for opposition votes to be cast in separate voting made electors identifiable by OZNA agents>>