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Classical Greece Outcome: The Athenian Golden Age.

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Presentation on theme: "Classical Greece Outcome: The Athenian Golden Age."— Presentation transcript:

1 Classical Greece Outcome: The Athenian Golden Age

2 1. Setting the Stage a. The Greek Civilization was a collection of city-states b. Athens and Sparta were two of the most powerful cities for different reasons

3 Athens Today

4 Ancient Athens


6 The Athenian Golden Age 2. Athens a. From 477 to 431 B.C., Athens experienced a growth in intellectual and artistic learning. This was known as the Golden Age of Athens. b. Pericles : held power in Athens for 32 years i. Goals: 1. Strengthen Athenian Democracy 2. To hold and strengthen the empire 3. Glorify Athens- a. Architecture: The Parthenon on the Athenian Acropolis b. Direct Democracy was introduced under Pericles c. Head of Delian League, an alliance system created after the defeat of the Persians

7 Athenian Acropolis

8 The Parthenon

9 Sparta



12 The Athenian Golden Age 3. Sparta a. Sparta was a military city-state b. Sparta had a better army than Athens; Athens had the better navy c. Weren’t Builders d. Due to its inland location, Sparta could not be attacked by sea e. Many men in Sparta were soldiers for life

13 The Athenian Golden Age 4. Peloponnesian War: Athens vs. Sparta a. As Athens grew, city-states viewed it with hostility b. Sparta declared war in 431 B.C. c. Sparta marched to Athens and burned food supply d. Plague hits Athens in 2 nd year of the war- 1/3 rd die including Pericles e. 421 B.C. a truce is signed but doesn’t last long f. In 413 B.C Athens’ navy is decimated at Syracuse (Spartan ally) g. Athens survives for 9 more years but surrenders to Sparta in 404 B.C.

14 Peloponnesian War

15 The Athenian Golden Age 5. Philosophers a. After the Peloponnesian War, many Athenians lost confidence in democracy b. Great thinkers known as philosophers began to seek truth c. Philosophers ( lovers of wisdom ) had two assumptions i. The universe is put together in an orderly way, and subject to absolute and unchanging laws ii. People can understand these laws through logic and reason

16 The Athenian Golden Age d. Important philosophers i. Socrates 1. “ The unexamined life is not worth living ” 2. In 399 B.C. brought to trial for “ corrupting the youth of Athens” 3. Jury condemned him to die : drank hemlock (poison)

17 The Athenian Golden Age ii. Plato 1. Student of Socrates 2. Wrote “ The Republic ” –perfectly governed society 3. Pupil- Aristotle

18 The Athenian Golden Age iii. Aristotle 1. Questioned the nature of the world 2. Invented method of arguing according to rules of logic 3. His work provides basis of the scientific method today 4. Pupil- Alexander the Great

19 The Athenian Golden Age

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