Genetics of Diabetes

Diabetes mellitus is a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by persistent hyperglycemia. The two most common forms of diabetes are type1 diabetes (T1D, previously known as insulin-dependent diabetes or IDDM) and type 2 diabetes (T2D, previously known as non-insulin-dependent diabetes or NIDDM). Both are caused by a combination of genetic and environmental risk factors. However, there are other rare forms of diabetes that are directly inherited. These include maturity onset diabetes in the young (MODY), and diabetes due to mutations in mitochondrial DNA.

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