Genetic Engineering.

Essay by HomeworksucksHigh School, 10th gradeA+, September 2005

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Genetics is the science that studies all aspects of inherited characteristics. Genetic engineering is when the knowledge of genetics is applied to altering the genetic makeup of a living organism (Levine). Many people throughout history have contributed to the development of the refined genetic engineering techniques in use today, which present commercial and social advantages that outweigh the ethical dilemmas they pose. Genetic engineering can provide hope to people suffering from genetic diseases that seem to be incurable, solve the problem of hunger in Third World countries, and provide a means of destroying dangerous nuclear waste. However, there are individuals who are misusing the abilities of genetic engineering, overshadowing its many benefits. "Genetic engineering is one of the most impressive--to some people one of the most frightening--achievements of the 20th century; one that will affect all people" (Edelson 46).

One division of genetics is heredity, the passing of genes from one generation to the next.

Humans have long tried to find possible ways to alter their heredity and genes, looking for advantages that would aid them in their daily lives. Selective replanting and breeding were the first and most basic methods humans used to alter genes. They were used to change the genes of crop plants or farm animals to increase production of food and other usable materials. Earliest evidence dates selective breeding back to 6750 B.C. in Iraq (Levine). Gregor Mendel, an Augustinian monk and botanist, is credited as the founder of the science of genetics and heredity. Gregor Mendel's experiments in selective breeding of pea plants in the 1850s and 1860s demonstrated how traits were inherited in living organisms (Revolution 7). Mendel's work was essential in future scientists' discovery of Deoxyribonucleic acid, more commonly known as DNA. DNA is found in every living creature and its purpose is...