Factors and Multiples



What are factors?

Numbers that can be multiplied to make another number is called factor.
Example: Factors for number 6 are 6, 1 and 2, 3
What are multiples?

Number that can be made by multiplying by a certain number is called multiples.
Example: Multiples of 6 are 6, 12, 18, 24…….
GCF: Greatest Common Factor
How to find GCF?
a) List the prime factors of each number
b) Multiply the common factors of both the numbers.
Example: GCF of 18 and 24
Prime factors of 18 = 2x 3x3
Prime factors of 24 = 2x 2 x 2 x 3
There is one 2 and one 3 in common
The GCF is 2 x 3 = 6
1) Find LCM of 2 and 5

Answer: Multiplies of 2 are 2,4,6,8,10,12,142
Multiples of 5 are 5,10,15,20,25,30
Least common multiple is 10.

NOTE: When LCM and product of numbers is given to find the GCF then the formulaused is LCM x GCF = product of two numbers
  • If x ≥y then LCM (x, y) is x.
  • If x ≥ y then GCF (x, y) is y.

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