svtoan's version from 2015-06-16 08:01


Question Answer
Pharmacokinetics is defined aswhat the body does to the drug OR how the drug concentration changes as it moves through the body
Pharmacodynamics is defined aswhat the drug does to the body OR how the drug exerts its effects on the body
What are the routes of drug administration?Oral or Enteral, Parenteral, Inhalation and Topical
What are the barriers to drug distribution?Blood-brain barrier and Placental barrier
Bio availability is defined asthe amount of administered dose of a drug that remains intact when it reaches the systemic circulation


Question Answer
The process of reversible transfer of a drug between one location and another in the body is called what?Drug distribution
Put these oral drug forms in order of fastest to slowest absorption; Tablets, Powders, Enteric-coated tablets, Syrups and elixirs, Suspension solutions, liquids, coated tablets, capsulesLiquids > Elixirs and Syrups> Suspension Solutions > Powders > Capsules > Tablets > Coated Tablets > Enteric-coated tablets
Schedule 1 drugs includeArsenic, Poison, Weed Killers
Schedule 2 drugs includedrugs available OTC (over the counter) and on public shelves, drugs that don't require a prescription
Schedule 8 drugs includedrugs illegal without special script authority, controlled substances, stored and disposed under strict legal obligations, only available after careful consideration of high dependency potency and toxicity risks
Schedule 4 drugs includeprescription only medicines, drugs monitored for effects and side effects
Schedule 3 drugs includedrugs not available on public shelves, drugs only given by consulting with the pharmacist, drugs that may or not may require medical diagnosis, drugs safe to use with consultation with a pharmacist
Schedule 9 drugs includeprohibited and illegal substances such as heroin, ecstasy and recreational drugs


Question Answer
The transition of the drug from the small intestine to the liver is called what?Hepatic first pass
Onset of Action is defined astime from administration to when therapeutic effect starts
Duration of action is: length of time the drug is therapeutic
Question Answer
Half life is referred to asthe time it takes for the plasma concentration of the drug to fall to half its original value AND the time it takes for half of the drugs’ value to be eliminated by the body
Peak concentration occurs whenthe absorption = elimination rate
Therapeutic window/index isthe margin of safety
Drug absorption is affected by whatBlood flow to target area, Solubility of the drug, Route of Administration, Dissolvability of the medication, Body surface area


Question Answer
Examples of opioids areFentanyl, Morphine, Codeine, Methadone, Oxycodone
The antagonist for morphine isnaloxone and naltrexone
Cholingeric drugs act on what neurotransmitterAcetycholine
Cholinergic agonists do whatstimulate muscle causing bradycardia, salivation, blood vessel dilation, pulmonary bronchiole constriction, pupil constriction, increased activity in the GI tract and increased tone and contraction of bladder muscles
What do Anticholinestrase drugs do?block action of the enzyme acetycholinestrase therefore preventing breakdown of acetycholine
What are the indications for anticholinestrase drugs?decrease eye pressure in glaucoma and eye surgery, improve muscle tone, treat mild to moderate alzheimers and dementia, antidote to anticholinergic drugs such as opioids