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Adenosine triphosphate transports chemical energy within cells for metabolism. It is one of the end products of photophosphorylation, cellular respiration, and fermentation and used by enzymes and structural proteins in many cellular processes
Matter occupy space and has mass
Molecules particles of matter composed one or more atoms
elements pure substances composed of one kind of atom
Compound made up of two or more elements and has the ability to be broken down into the elements that form it.
ionic bond one or more electrons are transferred from one atom to another, resulting in a change that attracts the atoms.
covalent bond formed when two atoms share a pair of electrons.
inorganic compounds do not contain carbon-carbon bonds or carbon-hydrogen bond
Isotopes element contain the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons
Organic compounds contain carbon and include carbon-carbon bonds and/or carbon-hydrogen bonds
Cations are positively charged (Na+)
Anions are negatively charged (Cl-)
buffer is a chemical substance that prevents a sharp change in the pH of a fluid when an acid or base is added to it
Carbohydrates energy source and are composed of monosaccha ride units that can be broken apart to yield energy.
Lipids source of energy that is stored in the body in many forms. They are fat molecules composed mainly of glycerol and fatty acids.
Proteins are composed of amino acids and are responsible for proper growth, development, and maintenance of health
Nucleic acids are involved in the determination and transmission of genetic characteristics. Nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) are composed of nucleotides. These nucleotides serve as a code for assembling proteins.
tryglycerides lipid molecules formed by one glycerol unit and three fatty acids. Stores energy in cells for later use
enzymes ferment, chemical catalyst, (protein)
DNA molecule of heredity
polysaccharides many saccharides units joined. (carbohydrate). glycogen, starch
monosaccheride basic unit carbohydrate molecules.(glucose, galactose, fructose)
phospholipids stable bilayer structure allows foundation for the cell membrane, soluble in water and oil
Sodium Na, natrium
Chlorine CI, 7
Iodine I, 7
deoxyribonucleic nucleic acid DNA, contains genetic code for making protein
ribonucleic nucleic acid RNA, serves as copy of portion of the genetic code
Deoxyribose DNA (sugar)
Ribose RNA sugar
RNA nucleotides base Cytosine, Guanine, Adenine, Uracil
DNA nucleotides base Cytosine, Guanine, Adenine, Thymine
nucleotides components phosphate unit, sugar, nitrogen base
Oxygen O, 6
Carbon C, 4
Hydrogen H, 1
Nitrogen N, 5
Calcium Ca, 2
Phoshorus P, 5
Potassium K, 1 (Kalium)
Structural protein fibers, form structure of the body
Functional protein facilitate chemical reaction; send signals; regulates function
Electrolytes Molecules that form ions when dissolved in water. Conduct electrical current in the body and allow the body's electrical impulses to be measured for an EEG or ECG
Salt any compound that results from the chemical interaction of an acid and a base. Dissociate in solution to form positively and negatively charged ions.
polymer a compound formed from two or more polymeric compounds
Peptides short polymer chain
Polypeptides long polymer chain
amino acids The elements that make up a protein molecule are bonded together to form chemical units Are the building blocks of proteins
Protein polymer chain exceeds about 100 amino acids, (molecule)
Complementary Base Pairing Adenine can only pair with thymine (A-T). Cytosine can only pair with guanine (C-G).
Disaccheride two monosaccharides units joined. (carbohydrate). sucrose, lactose, maltose.
atomic number total protons
atomic mass total protons & neutrons
Prostaglandins are often referred to as tissue hormones
When RNA is used by a cell to "grab" a specific amino acid and place it in the correct sequence when building a primary protein strand, it is then known Transfer RNA (tRNA)
dehydration synthesis converts smaller molecules into larger ones by removing water
Which type of chemical bond does not result in the formation of a new molecule? Hydrogen bond
Created by: ptenz