This is page 284 of An Icelandic-English Dictionary by Cleasby/Vigfusson (1874)

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caught the blow, was hit, Gullþ. 51; margr veit hverju hann sleppir en ekki hvað hann hreppir, a saying.

HREPPR, m. :-- this word remains in 'the Rape of Bramber' in Sussex, and is undoubtedly Scandinavian, being probably derived, as Pal Vídalín suggested, from hreppa, and thus originally meaning a share, allodium; it may be that the proper name Hrappr (Landn.) is akin ( = a yeoman, master of a Rape?); for the bad sense of that name ( = a traitor) is a metonyme, borrowed from the person of that name in the Njála. After the introduction of Christianity, all Icel. was, for the maintenance of the poor, divided into poor-law districts called hreppar, which still exist, being in most cases, though not always, identical with the sókn or parish; and it is remarkable that the district round the Bishop's seat at Skalholt bears the local name Hreppar, indicating that this division had the Bishop's house as its nucleus. The occurrence therefore of this name in the Landn. is an anachronism; as probably are also the few instances in which hreppr is used as an appellative in records of the heathen age, e.g. Lv. l.c. It is not known when the division into Rapes took place; perhaps it took place gradually during the 11th century; vera á hrepp, koma á hreppinn, to be or become a pauper. In the Grágás a special section (and as it seems one of the oldest) is called 'um Hreppa-skil,' Kb. ii. 171-180; 'um Hreppa-lög,' Sb. i. 443-458. Twenty franklins at least constituted a lawful Rape, Kb. ii. 171. (These remarks are partly due to Konrad Maurer.) COMPDS: hreppa-dómr, m. a Rape court, Grág. i. 245, 448. hreppa-lög, n. pl. the laws and rules of a Rape, Grág. i. 443. Hreppa-maðr, m. a man from the district Hreppar, Sturl. ii. 248. hreppa-mál, n. Rape affairs, Grág. ii. 178 new Ed. hreppa-mót, n. pl. the march or border of two Rapes, Grág. i. 444. hreppa-skil, n. pl. Rape business, Lv. 17; in mod. usage, the autumn meeting held in every Rape. hreppa-tal, n. the census of a Rape, Grág. i. 443. hrepps-fundr, m. a Rape meeting, Grág. i. 296, 446, 448. hrepps-maðr, m. a franklin of a certain Rape, Grág. i. 248, 256, 262, 295, 445. hrepps-sókn, f. the management of a Rape, the office of the Rape councils, = mod. hreppstjórn, Grág. i. 445. hreppsóknar-menn, m. pl. the members of the five Rape councils, Grág. i. 295, 455, passim. hrepps-stjóri, a, m. = hreppstjóri, Grág. i. 262. hrepps-úmagi, a, m. a pauper.

hrepp-stefna, u, f. = hreppsfundr, Sturl. i. 185.

hrepp-stjóri, a, m. a 'Rape-steerer,' overseer, Jb. 186, Vm. 116: in each Rape in Icel. the best yeoman is chosen as hreppstjóri by the sheriff (amtmaðr) or, as in former days, by the parishioners, but he is not paid; he has, jointly with the parish priest, to manage the business of the Rape, esp. to see to the maintenance of the poor, fix the poor-rate of each franklin, and, as there are no poor-houses, to arrange the distribution of the poor (úmagar) among the parishioners. In the days of the Commonwealth there was a committee of five members, called hreppstjórnarmenn (q.v.), which discharged the duties of the present hreppstjóri; með ráði heima-prests ok hreppstjóra, Vm. 116. This word does not occur in the Grágás, but only after A.D. 1281; for the reading hreppstjóri in the D. I. i. 199 (in a deed supposed to be of A.D. 1150) is only found in a mod. transcript, and the original prob. had hreppstjórnarmenn (pl.)

hrepp-stjórn, f. the office of a hreppstjóri, Jb. 184: the management of a Rape, K. Á. 96, Jb. 178. hreppstjórnar-þing, n. = hreppa-skil or hreppsfundr, Jb. 182.

HRESS, adj. [cp. A. S. and Hel. hrôr, and prob. akin to hraustr, qs. 'hrers;' cp. Germ. rührig, rüstig] :-- hale, hearty, in good spirits; hann var af æsku-aldri ok þó maðr inn hressasti, Eg. 202; en þó var Kveldúlfr hress maðr ok vel færr, 84; hraustr ok vel hress, Ld. 56; en er allr herrinn hafði drukkit, þá vórum vér hressir, Al. 167; hann var hinn hressasti, he was quite well (after a sickness), Sturl. ii. 182; ú-hress, low, sickly, Stj. 374.

hressa, t, to refresh, cheer; hressa kararmenn, 655 xiii. B. 3; h. halta, Mar.; hón lét gera honum laugar ok h. hann, Bret. 164; tökum nú til fæðu ok hressum oss, 656 C. 22; hann bað hann hressa sik, he bade him be of good cheer, bade him cheer up, Eg. 102: with prepp., h. upp, to restore a building, 623. 14; at hann skyldi ráðask norðr til Múnka-þverár ok h. staðinn, Sturl. i. 223. II. reflex. to recover one's strength or spirits, be refreshed, Fms. ii. 59, 270, vi. 303, Finnb. 234, Bs. i. 319, Fas. ii. 356, Eg. 645.

hressing, f. recovery of strength, refreshment.

hress-leiki, a, m. good health, heartiness, Fms. iv. 13.

HRET, n. a tempest, storm, Edda 99, Hkr. i. 282: freq. in mod. usage, esp. of a lasting storm and tempest, viku-hret, hálfs-mánaðar-hret, a tempest lasting a week or fortnight; Þorra-hret, Jónsmessu-hret, a tempest in the month of Thorri, on St. John Baptist's day; kafalds-hret, a snow storm.

hret-viðri, n. a tempest, Þd., Sturl. (in a verse).

HREYFA, ð, [Ivar Aasen royva], to stir, with acc., (but in mod. usage, with acc. of a person, and dat. of a thing); nú varðar eigi þótt sá seyðr rjúki er þeir hafa hreyft, Fms. vi. 105; engi knút fékk hann leyst ok engi álar-endann hreyft, Edda 28. II. reflex. to put oneself into motion, stir, Mag. 93: of a bird ( = beina flug), rœyfðisk inn hösfjaðri, Fagrsk. (Hornklofi), of the raven, to shake his feathers, cp. Fms. x. 130 (in a verse); hann hreyfðisk at fljúga, Konr.; feldr nokkurr liggr þar -- mér þykkir sem hræfisk (i.e. hrœyfisk) stundum er ek lít til, Fas. ii. 167. 2. metaph., hefsk upp ok hreyfisk í farsælligum hlutum, Stj. 376. III. this word, which in old writers is of rare occurrence and limited in sense, has in mod. usage become one of the general terms for to move, stir, and is usually, though erroneously, spelt with ei, hreifa; hreifa við e-u, to touch on a thing; hreifa sig, to stir the limbs; hann hreifir sig ekki, he does not stir :-- also with dat., h. e-u máli, to move, bring forward a case; hann hreifði því ekki, he did not even mention it; hvar sem ófriðr hreifir sér, Pass. 21. 13.

hreyfing, f. motion, movement, (mod. and spelt hreifing.)

hreyrar, see heyrar.

HREYSI, n. and hreysar, f. pl., Fms. v. 70, Jb. 211, N. G. L. i. 14, 431; [Ivar Aasen rös; cp. Dunmail Raise (i.e. Dunmail's Cairn) in Westmoreland] :-- a heap of stones ( = Icel. urð), where wild beasts abide, Hým. 35; holt ok hreysar, Fms. v. 70; hölkn eða hreysar, Jb. 211; hangar eðr hreysar, N. G. L. i. 14, 431; þeir drógu í burt líkama hans ok reyrðu í hreysi nokkuru, Fms. vii. 227; skríða í hreysi, to slink into a den, Hkv. 1. 33, Lv. 61; í hreysum eðr holum, Bárð. 168; liggja í hreysum, Fms. vi. 425; þú liggr þá í hreysum eðr fylgsnum, viii. 157, Konr. 22. 2. in mod. usage = a poor wretched cottage, a hovel. COMPDS: hreysi-köttr, m. a wild cat, Stj. 93. hreysi-vísla, u, f. a weasel, Rb. 356.

hreysingr, m. in íll-hreysingr, a savage ruffian.

hreysta, t, to make valiant, Finnb. 332; h. sik, to comfort oneself, cheer oneself up, Grett. 138.

HREYSTI, f. [hraustr], valour, prowess, Eg. 16, Nj. 266, Fs. 55, Gullþ. 65, Fms. i. 34, vi. 58, vii. 326, Eb. 116, Fas. iii. 144, passim. COMPDS: hreysti-bragð, n. a feat of prowess, Karl. 417, 451. hreysti-maðr, m. a valiant man, Eg. 73, Edda 16, Fb. ii. 72. hreysti-mannliga, adv. gallantly, Fms. vii. 289. hreysti-mannligr, adj. gallant, bold, Fms. ii. 120. hreysti-orð, n. a word of prowess, Fms. i. 180. hreysti-raun, f. a trial of valour, Fms. vi. 260. hreysti-verk, n. a deed of prowess, a deed of derring-do, Fms. ii. 105, Finnb. 330.

hreysti-liga, adv. stoutly, boldly, Fms. i. 42, Ísl. ii. 369.

hreysti-ligr, adj. stout, bold, Nj. 200.

HREYTA, t, [hrjóta], to spread, scatter, throw about, with dat., Rm. 35, Am. 43, Sks. 226, 229, Eb. 200 new Ed.

hreyting, f. a spreading, Lv. 75.

hreytir, m. a sprinkler, Lat. sparsor, Lex. Poët.

hreyti-speldi, n. a top, as a child's toy, Fms. iii. 227.

hriflingr, m. a kind of shoes or stockings (?), Parc. (thrice), a part of Percival's dress when he left his mother. hriflinga-björg, f. a hand to mouth life, Fas. iii. 538.

hrifs, n. robbery; rifs ok rán, Stj. 236, Fms. xi. 252, Fb. i. 363.

hrifsa, að, or older rifsa, [cp. A. S. reafian; Engl. to rob, rifle; Scot. reif, reff = plunder, reiver = robber; Germ. rauben, etc.] :-- to rob, pillage; rifsa ok grápa, Stj. 78, 154; rænt ok rifsat, 236; hripsa ok ræna, Thom. 534.

hrifsan, f. a robbing, pillaging, Fb. ii. 412.

hrifsing, f. = hrifsan, Fas. i. 92.

HRIKI, a, m. a huge fellow, Fas. ii. 378, freq. in mod. usage: a giant, Edda (Gl.) COMPDS: hrika-legr, adj. (-lega, adv.), huge. hrika-leikr, m. a game of giants, Bjarni 34.

hrikta, t, to creak, Am. 36 (of door hinges), where spelt hricþo, as if from hrika, which seems the true old form; but the mod. form is hrikta.

hrina, see hrinur.

HRINDA, pres. hrind; pret. hratt, 2nd pers. hratt, mod. hrazt, hraztu, Ó. H. (in a verse); pl. hrundu; subj. hryndi; imperat. hrind, hritt', and hrittú, Fsm. 43; part. hrundinn; in mod. usage pres. weak hrindi, and even a pret. hrinti is in use: [A. S. hrindan] :-- to push, kick, throw, with dat.; ef hann hrindr manni í eld, Grág. ii. 129; Þorkell hratt Knúti af baki, Fb. ii. 23; hann hratt hestinum í vök eina, Fms. i. 211, Nj. 91; skaut hann við honum hendi ok hratt honum, Fms. vi. 6; þá höfðu þeir út hrundit skipunum, Hkr. i. 153; h. skipi fram or í vatn, to launch a ship, Eg. 142, Nj. 18, Fms. i. 58, Ó. H. 109, Fas. iii. 40; var þá hrundit bátnum, the ship's boat was put out or off, Grett. 95; h. e-m í eld, to kick him into the fire, Akv. 20; h. hurð, to push the door open, Eg. 560; h. á hurð, Fsm. 43; h. í myrkva-stofu, to cast into prison, Post. 656 C. 33; h. á braut, to drive away, Fms. ix. 380; brot hrundinn or sæti, Sks. 623; hratt (threw) á völl brynju, Hkm. 4; að þeir hryndi honum þar af fram, Luke iv. 29. II. metaph., er hann fékk öndinni frá sér hrundit, when he could draw his breath, Eg. 553; þeir hrundu frá honum (kicked away from him) því fólki flestu er þá var með honum, Bs. i. 554; þat hrindr eitri ór, 655 xxx. 12 :-- phrases, h. harmi, to cast off one's grief, Fms. vii. 153; h. ugg ok ótta, vi. 63; hrindum þessu af oss ok verum kátir, let us throw this off and be glad! 127; h. íllu ráði, Merl. 1. 64; h. e-u af e-m, to defend one from one, Fms. v. 113; hann hratt þeim úfriði af sér, Ó. H. 34; til pess at h. þessu ríki af landsmönnum, 232; h. máli, to throw a case back, make it void, Landn. 89; hefir þú drengiliga hrundit þessu máli, i.e. thou hast cleared thyself of it, Fb. ii. 195; at ek gæta þessu íllmæli sem skjótast rutt ok hrundit, Fms. iv. 310; eins þeirra vitni skyldi