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We've collected this information to help you to understand important things about staying healthy and happy. This packet is to be submitted to your teacher.

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Presentation on theme: "We've collected this information to help you to understand important things about staying healthy and happy. This packet is to be submitted to your teacher."— Presentation transcript:

1 We've collected this information to help you to understand important things about staying healthy and happy. This packet is to be submitted to your teacher when classes resume. Make sure you follow the instructions carefully. Make sure all answers are on a separate looseleaf of paper. Make sure name, per is written on all papers.

2 Heart-y sayings Have you thought about all the sayings we have about the heart? Here’s a list that some kids came up with. I love you with all my heart. She has broken my heart. He died of a broken heart. He wore his heart on his sleeve. She was heartsick. I give you my heart. His heart leaped into his throat. Her heart missed a beat. You have my heartfelt thanks. Can you think of any more? Create a table list of 3-4 heart sayings on a separate sheet of paper. I guess that over the years people have noticed that when you have a powerful feeling like fear, anger or excitement, the heart beats faster and so maybe they thought that the heart was where all the strong feelings hang out. Dr Kim says "The changes in the heart and blood vessels which cause heart attacks in adults are now starting in many more children and young people. They won’t have a heart attack while they are kids, but some of the damage is done then. Keep your heart healthy by eating healthy food, exercising, getting plenty of sleep and having fun!"


4 Blood Pressure Sounds When blood pressure is measured, a cuff is inflated to constrict an artery so that no blood flows through. Since the pressure in the cuff is greater than the pressure in the artery, the artery is closed off and no blood flows through. As the cuff pressure is gradually released, but the artery is still partially constricted, blood flow resumes. Sounds can be heard with a stethoscope because the blood flows turbulently, causing audible sounds. When enough pressure is released to fully open the artery, the blood flows freely and the sounds disappear because smooth flowing blood does not create sounds. Checking Blood Pressure The first sounds that are heard indicate systolic pressure. When the sounds stop, diastolic pressure has been reached. Record your BP on the following page BLOOD PRESSURE= / systolic/diastolic

5 BLOOD PRESSURE WORKSHEET Name: Per To: Physician/Clinic/Technician/Medical Facility/ Family member Please record the blood pressure and pulse after the examinee has been recumbent for at least 5 minutes and then after standing motionless for 3 minutes. A mercury sphygmomanometer or an automated BP device is to be used. The pulse and blood pressure should be taken twice daily (morning and afternoon) for three consecutive days.

6 Day 1 Date:______ 2 Date:______ 3 Date:______ Time____AM Recumbent BP Recumbent Pulse Standing BP Standing Pulse Time____PM Recumbent BP Recumbent Pulse Standing BP Standing Pulse

7 Blood Pressure Graph By taking your pulse, you can feel that blood pressure fluctuates with each heartbeat. The pulse which you feel is actually a pressure wave which travels from your heart throughout the arteries. We can use the graph created by this pressure wave to identify the component parts of blood pressure. Label the 2 important parts of this graph :


9 On the next page you will be asked to evaluate your heart rate. Disregard the 100 and 200 meters. Walking in place, walking in different areas of your house, around the block, to your friends with different pace and slow to moderate jogging are great ways to see the changes in your heart rate.


11 You can find extensive information on the heart and how it works at

12 aorta - the biggest and longest artery (a blood vessel carrying blood away from the heart) in the body. It carries oxygen-rich blood from the left ventricle of the heart to the body. inferior vena cava - a large vein (a blood vessel carrying blood to the heart) that carries oxygen-poor blood to the right atrium from the lower half of the body. left atrium - the left upper chamber of the heart. It receives oxygen-rich blood from the lungs via the pulmonary vein. left ventricle - the left lower chamber of the heart. It pumps the blood through the aortic valve into the aorta. mitral valve - the valve between the left atrium and the left ventricle. It prevents the back- flow of blood from the ventricle to the atrium. pulmonary artery - the blood vessel that carries oxygen-poor blood from the right ventricle of the heart to the lungs. pulmonary valve - the flaps between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery. When the ventricle contracts, the valve opens, causing blood to rush into the pulmonary artery. When the ventricle relaxes, the valves close, preventing the back-flow of blood from the pulmonary artery to the right atrium. pulmonary vein - the blood vessel that carries oxygen-rich blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart. right atrium - the right upper chamber of the heart. It receives oxygen-poor blood from the body through the inferior vena cava and the superior vena cava. right ventricle - the right lower chamber of the heart. It pumps the blood into the pulmonary artery. septum - the muscular wall that separates the left and right sides of the heart. superior vena cava - a large vein that carries oxygen-poor blood to the right atrium from the upper parts of the body. tricuspid valve - the flaps between the right atrium and the right ventricle. It is composed of three leaf-like parts and prevents the back-flow of blood from the ventricle to the atrium.

13 Label the heart anatomy diagram below using the heart glossary. Note: On the diagram, the right side of the heart appears on the left side of the picture (and vice versa) because you are looking at the heart from the front.heart glossary

14 Unit Introduction: “Heart /Disease/ blood/vessels – What Do You Know?” Name: ___________________________Date:________Period:________ In this Cardio unit, you will learn/ review about the heart and how the heart works and can become damage. Questions: 1. What is a heart? ____________________________________________________ 2. label the picture of a heart from the previous slide. 3. What is the function of the heart (what does a heart do 4. What is blood?_ 5. What is the main function of blood (what does blood do)? 6. Why do our cells need oxygen?

15 7. What are blood vessels?______________________________________________ 8. What is the function of blood vessels (what do blood vessels do)?_____________ 9. Do you know anyone who has had a heart attack?_________________________ 10. What do you think a heart attack is?____________________________________. 11. What do you think causes heart attacks (list all the contributing factors you can think of)?_________________________________________________________ 12. What do you think you can do to decrease your chances of having a heart attack?. 13. What do Emergency Medical Technicians (EMT’s) do?____________________ Use this website to facilitate the completion of the worksheet.______

16 Prior Knowledge Questions: 1.) What is the heart’s job?__________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ __________2.) Can a person live without a heart? Explain your answer.________________________ _______________________________________________________ _________________ 3.) What else do you know about the heart?_____________________________________ 4.)How many times does a heart beat per minute, if one counts 18 beats in 15 seconds? Show your math. 5.) What is “heart rate”?__________________________________________________ __

17 6.) What are some sayings or phrases about blood? 7.) What diseases affect the blood? Images of Blood Draw what you think blood will look like on a slide circle enlarged 400 times under a microscope. Use color. Imagine that the circle is the field of view that you see when you look into the microscope. Show the different components of blood. 400X Answer the TRUE/FALSE questions below. 1.) The human body contains about 20 liters of blood. TRUE / FALSE 2.) Animal blood can be used instead of human blood for a transfusion. TRUE / FALSE 3.) Leukemia is a cancer that begins in the blood cells. TRUE / FALSE 4.) Blood can carry diseases such as hepatitis or HIV, the virus that cause AIDS TRUE / FALSE 5.) Blood is pumped through the body by the lungs. TRUE / FALSE 6.) Some of the components or parts of blood are made in bone marrow. TRUE / FALSE

18 Blood Type Inheritance Possibilities Based on Parents' Types PARENTAL COMBINATIONS Possible Inheritances AB/ AB AB/ B AB/ A AB/ O B/ B A/ B A/ A O/ B O/ A O/ O Ono ye s A no ye s no ye s no Byes no ye s no AByes no ye s no

19 What is Non-Communicable or chronic disease? Name them Is CVD a non communicable or chronic condition?

20 Conditions and Diseases Of the heart, blood, blood vessels, and blood pressure What is cardiovascular disease? Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is not one single disease or condition. It is a group of different disorders that affect your heart and blood vessels. You are born with some types of cardiovascular diseases, and you develop others during your lifetime. What are the different risk factors?

21  Holes in the Heart Holes in the Heart  How the Heart Works How the Heart Works  Hypotension Hypotension  Kawasaki Disease Kawasaki Disease  Long QT Syndrome Long QT Syndrome  Marfan Syndrome Marfan Syndrome  Metabolic Syndrome Metabolic Syndrome  Mitral Valve Prolapse Mitral Valve Prolapse Overweight and Obesity High Blood Cholesterol High Blood Pressure Coronary Microvascular Disease Endocarditis Heart Attack Heart Attack Cardiac Rehabilitation Cardiac Rehabilitation Cardiogenic Shock Cardiomyopathy Carotid Artery Disease Congenital Heart Defects Coronary Artery Disease Heart and Blood Vessel Diseases  Heart Block Heart Block  Heart Disease Risk Factors Heart Disease Risk Factors  Heart Failure Heart Failure  Heart Murmur Heart Murmur  Heart Palpitations Heart Palpitations Heart Valve Disease Aneurysm Angina Arrhythmia Atherosclerosis Atrial Fibrillation Atrial Septal Defect  Patent Ductus Arteriosus Patent Ductus Arteriosus  Pericarditis Pericarditis  Peripheral Arterial Disease Peripheral Arterial Disease  Raynaud's Disease Raynaud's Disease  Sudden Cardiac Arrest Sudden Cardiac Arrest  Tetralogy of Fallot Tetralogy of Fallot  Varicose Veins Varicose Veins  Vasculitis Vasculitis  Ventricular Septal Defect Ventricular Septal Defect Tests and Procedures  Angioplasty Angioplasty  Cardiac Catheterization Cardiac Catheterization  Cardiac CT Cardiac CT  Cardiac MRI Cardiac MRI  Cardioversion Cardioversion  Carotid Endarterectomy Carotid Endarterectomy  Carotid Ultrasound Carotid Ultrasound  Catheter Ablation Catheter Ablation  Coronary Angiography Coronary Angiography  Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting  Coronary Calcium Scan Coronary Calcium Scan  Echocardiography Echocardiography  Electrocardiogram Electrocardiogram  Heart Surgery Heart Surgery  Heart Transplant Heart Transplant  Holter and Event Monitors Holter and Event Monitors  Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator  Nuclear Heart Scan Nuclear Heart Scan  Pacemaker Pacemaker  Stents Stents  Stress Testing Stress Testing  Total Artificial H Total Artificial H

22 What is a heart murmur? When your heart is working normally it sounds quiet and smooth.  It’s like a tap which is turned on enough for the water to flow quietly and smoothly. If you turn the tap onto full then the water becomes more turbulent (forceful) and the sound gets louder. A heart murmur in young children is when the heart beats quite fast and sounds louder. Usually this happens when the child is tired, unwell, or after exercise. The blood flow gets faster and noisier. This is not a health problem. A heart murmur can be a sign of a health problem when there is a hole between two parts of the heart and the blood is coming from two directions at once, mixing together and causing turbulence and you can hear it. This type of heart murmur may be a problem. It depends on how much blood is going in the wrong direction.  There may need to be an operation to block off the hole as the blood may not be able to pick up enough oxygen from the lungs to take it all round the body.  This can mean that kids get tired easily and may not be able to do sport or exercise. It can also mean that the body cannot grow tall and strong and the kid stays small and weak. If you have a heart murmur and the doctor doesn’t think that there is a problem then don’t worry about it. It shouldn’t stop you from doing anything. So, get out there and start joining in. Your heart needs the exercise.

23  Blood diseases and disorders  Anemia Anemia  Antiphospholipid Antibody Syndrome Antiphospholipid Antibody Syndrome  Aplastic Anemia Aplastic Anemia  Deep Vein Thrombosis Deep Vein Thrombosis  Excessive Blood Clotting Excessive Blood Clotting  Fanconi Anemia Fanconi Anemia  Hemochromatosis Hemochromatosis  Hemolytic Anemia Hemolytic Anemia  Hemophilia Hemophilia  Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura  Iron-Deficiency Anemia Iron-Deficiency Anemia  Lymphocytopenia Lymphocytopenia  Pernicious Anemia Pernicious Anemia  Polycythemia Vera Polycythemia Vera  Pulmonary Embolism Pulmonary Embolism  Sickle Cell Anemia Sickle Cell Anemia  Rh Incompatibility Rh Incompatibility  Thalassemias Thalassemias  Thrombocytopenia Thrombocytopenia  Thrombocythemia and Thrombocytosis Thrombocythemia and Thrombocytosis  Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura  Von Willebrand Disease Von Willebrand Disease Tests and Procedures  Blood and Marrow Stem Cell Transplant Blood and Marrow Stem Cell Transplant  Blood Tests Blood Tests  Blood Transfusion Blood Transfusion  Bone Marrow Tests Bone Marrow Tests

24 Introduction: Teens don’t usually worry very much about cardiovascular disease, but you should: it is the third most prevalent cause of death among children and adolescents. There are many steps you can take to avoid heart disease now and as you get older. The Web site below explores more about the cardiovascular system, some common heart and circulatory conditions, and how you can best prevent these problems. Links to Explore: Healthy Living: Medical Conditions, Heart and Circulatory System MedicalConditions/MedicalConditionsArticle/tabid/383/newsid/20540/Default.aspx MedicalConditions/MedicalConditionsArticle/tabid/383/newsid/20540/Default.aspx Directions: Click on the link and read the article. Then answer the following questions: 1.What are the best ways to keep the heart healthy and avoid long-term problems like high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and heart disease? 2.How can an untreated strep throat infection lead to Rheumatic heart disease? 3.What percentage of teens have high cholesterol levels that put them at increased risk of cardiovascular disease? 4.What are some causes of high blood pressure in infants, children, and teens 5.What is Hyper/hypo BP? Why are they dangerous? What happen as a result of these conditions?


26 Organ Donation Fact Sheet Every year, hundreds of lives are saved with the help of donated organs. 89,000 people are currently waiting for an organ; 17 people die each day while waiting. In addition to the heart, many other organs and tissues may be donated including skin, bone and cartilage, ligaments and tendons, bone marrow, cornea, kidney, liver, lung, small intestine and pancreas. Organ transplant recipients are selected based on the seriousness of their medical condition and compatible body size and blood chemistry. A person’s race, sex, or religion does not matter when finding a match. Organs must be removed from the donor within 8-16 hours after brain death. Brain death is when the brain permanently stops working. It is not the same thing as a coma. A person cannot recover from being brain dead. A doctor is required Funded by a Science Education Partnership Award from the National Center for Research Resources of the National Institutes of Health 2 to declare a person brain dead before any organs can be removed for transplantation. A transplanted heart may be preserved for 4-6 hours between donation and transplantation in the recipient. While most major religions support organ donation, some do not. You can read about how specific religions feel about organ donation at the following website:

27 I. Organ/ blood Donation - Your Opinions: This is an opportunity for you to state your opinion based on what you believe. Opinions are different from facts. While facts require evidence to back them up, opinions are based on values and beliefs (how you feel about an issue). For each of the statements below, decide whether you agree or disagree with the statement and then circle the word “agree” or “disagree,” depending upon your opinion. There is no right or wrong answer. 1) Being an organ/blood donor is a good way to help other people, even after you die. Agree/Disagree 2) If a person has agreed to be an organ/blood donor, doctors will not try as hard to save that person’s life if they are injured. Agree/Disagree 3) To have a proper burial, a person’s body needs to be buried intact (with all of their Organs/blood). Agree/Disagree 4) The people who should be first on the list to get an organ/blood transplant should be the people who are the sickest. Agree/Disagree 5) A person who is 80 years old should have the same chance of having a transplant as someone who is 8 years old. Agree/Disagree


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