unbekannter Gast

Zambia: People & Society#

Nationalitynoun: Zambian(s)
adjective: Zambian
Demographic profileZambia’s poor, youthful population consists primarily of Bantu-speaking people representing nearly 70 different ethnicities. Zambia’s high fertility rate continues to drive rapid population growth, averaging almost 3 percent annually between 2000 and 2010. The country’s total fertility rate has fallen by less than 1.5 children per woman during the last 30 years and still averages among the world’s highest, almost 6 children per woman, largely because of the country’s lack of access to family planning services, education for girls, and employment for women. Zambia also exhibits wide fertility disparities based on rural or urban location, education, and income. Poor, uneducated women from rural areas are more likely to marry young, to give birth early, and to have more children, viewing children as a sign of prestige and recognizing that not all of their children will live to adulthood. HIV/AIDS is prevalent in Zambia and contributes to its low life expectancy. Zambian emigration is low compared to many other African countries and is comprised predominantly of the well-educated. The small amount of brain drain, however, has a major impact in Zambia because of its limited human capital and lack of educational infrastructure for developing skilled professionals in key fields. For example, Zambia has few schools for training doctors, nurses, and other health care workers. Its spending on education is low compared to other sub-Saharan countries.
Age structure0-14 years: 46.08% (male 3,590,466/female 3,556,756)
Dependency ratiostotal dependency ratio: 95.4%
youth dependency ratio: 89.7%
elderly dependency ratio: 5.7%
potential support ratio: 17.6% (2015 est.)
Median agetotal: 16.7 years
male: 16.6 years
female: 16.9 years (2016 est.)
Population growth rate2.94% (2016 est.)
Birth rate41.8 births/1,000 population (2016 est.)
Death rate12.4 deaths/1,000 population (2016 est.)
Net migration rate0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2016 est.)
Urbanizationurban population: 40.9% of total population (2015)
Major urban areas - populationLUSAKA (capital) 2.179 million (2015)
Sex ratioat birth: 1.03 male(s)/female
0-14 years: 1.01 male(s)/female
15-24 years: 1 male(s)/female
25-54 years: 1.02 male(s)/female
55-64 years: 0.88 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.76 male(s)/female
Mother's mean age at first birth19.2
Maternal mortality rate224 deaths/100,000 live births (2015 est.)
Infant mortality ratetotal: 62.9 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 68.3 deaths/1,000 live births
Life expectancy at birthtotal population: 52.5 years
male: 50.8 years
female: 54.1 years (2016 est.)
Total fertility rate5.67 children born/woman (2016 est.)
Contraceptive prevalence rate40.8% (2007)
Health expenditures5% of GDP (2014)
Physicians density0.17 physicians/1,000 population (2012)
Hospital bed density2 beds/1,000 population (2010)
Drinking water sourceimproved:
urban: 85.6% of population
rural: 51.3% of population
total: 65.4% of population
urban: 14.4% of population
rural: 48.7% of population
total: 34.6% of population (2015 est.)
Sanitation facility accessimproved:
urban: 55.6% of population
rural: 35.7% of population
total: 43.9% of population
urban: 44.4% of population
rural: 64.3% of population
total: 56.1% of population (2015 est.)
HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate12.91% (2015 est.)
HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS1,211,900 (2015 est.)
HIV/AIDS - deaths19,800 (2015 est.)
Major infectious diseasesdegree of risk: very high
vectorborne diseases: malaria and dengue fever
water contact disease: schistosomiasis
animal contact disease: rabies (2016)
Obesity - adult prevalence rate7.2% (2014)
Children under the age of 5 years underweight14.8% (2014)
Education expenditures1.1% of GDP (2008)
Literacydefinition: age 15 and over can read and write English
total population: 63.4%
male: 70.9%
female: 56% (2015 est.)
Child labor - children ages 5-14total number: 1,000,850
percentage: 41%

note: data represent children ages 7-14 (2005 est.)
Unemployment, youth ages 15-24total: 15.2%
male: 14.6%
female: 15.8% (2012 est.)