Estancia Ninette



Río Negro

Rio Negro


Latitude: -33.133232

Longitude: -57.983461



00 5 989 963 9588

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Uruguay, officially the Eastern Republic of Uruguay or the Republic East of the Uruguay (River) (Spanish: República Oriental del Uruguay), is a nation located in the southeastern part of South America.  It is bordered by Brazil to the northeast, the Uruguay River to the west, the estuary of the Río de la Plata (literally "River of the Silver", but commonly known in English as "River Plate") to the southwest, with Argentina on the other bank of both, and finally the South Atlantic Ocean to the southeast. About half of its people live in the capital and largest city, Montevideo, just 530 Km². The nation is the second smallest independent country in South America, larger only than Suriname (it is also larger than French Guiana, which is an overseas department of France). It is the most politically and economically stable and the second least corrupt country in Latin America (right after Chile).




The only inhabitants of Uruguay before European colonization of the area were various tribes of hunter gatherer native Americans, the most well known being the Charrúa Indians, a small tribe driven south by the Guaraní Indians of Paraguay. The name “Uruguay” comes from Guaraní. It has many possible meanings since Guaraní is a highly agglutinative language. Two of them are “river of the urus” (uru is a kind of bird) and “river of colorful or ‘painted’ chinchillas”.



The Spanish arrived in the territory of present-day Uruguay in 1516, but the Indians' fierce resistance to conquest, combined with the absence of gold and silver, limited settlement in the region during the 16th and 17th centuries. In the 17th century, Uruguay became a zone of contention between the Spanish and the Portuguese empires.  The first permanent settlement on the territory of present-day Uruguay was founded by the Spanish in 1624 at Soriano on the Río Negro.  In 1669-71, the Portuguese built a fort at Colonia del Sacramento.






Uruguay's politics takes place in a framework of a presidential representative democratic republic, whereby the President of Uruguay is both head of state and head of government, and of a pluriform multi-party system.  The Executive power is exercised by the government.  The Legislative power is vested in both the government and the two chambers of the General Assembly of Uruguay.  The Judiciary power is independent of the Executive and the Legislature powers.



For most of Uruguay's history, the Colorado and National parties have alternated in power.  The elections of 2004, however, brought the Encuentro Progresista – Frente Amplio – Nueva Mayoría, a coalition of socialists, former Tupamaros, communists and social democrats among others to power with majorities in both houses of parliament and the election of President Tabaré Vázquez Rosas by an absolute majority.



At 176.214 square kilometers of Continental Land and 142.199 square kilometers of jurisdictional waters and small river islands.  The landscape features mostly rolling plains and low hill ranges (cuchillas) with a fertile coastal lowland.  The major internal river is the Black River or Río Negro.  The highest point in the country is the Cerro Catedral at 513.66 meters (1,685 ft 3 in) in the “Carape” mountain range.




The climate in Uruguay is template: Warm summers and cold winters.  The predominantly gently undulating landscape is also somewhat vulnerable to rapid changes from weather fronts.  It receives the periodic influence of the polar air.  Without mountains in the zone that act of barrier, the air masses freely move by the territory, causing fast variations of the climate.  The coolest month is June, while the warmest is January.  The rainfall is equally distributed throughout the year, but tends to be a bit more frequent in the autumn months.  There can be frequent thunderstorms in the summer.




Uruguay has a middle income economy, mainly dominated by the services sector, an export-oriented agricultural sector and an industrial sector, Uruguay relies heavily on trade, particularly in agricultural products, leaving the country particularly vulnerable to slumps in commodity prices and global economic slowdowns.


Natural resources and agriculture

  1. Cattle were introduced in Uruguay by Hernando Arias de Saveedra in 1603.  Beef exports in 2006 amounted around a 37% of Uruguayan exports.
  2. Wool is a traditional product exported mainly to China, followed by the UK and India.
  3. Rice: Fine varieties are produced in the lowlands in the east of the country close to Merin Lake on the Uruguay-Brazil border.
  4. Mineral products, including gold, granite and quartz.
  5. Wood, cork and derivative products.


Tourism in Uruguay: Several seaside resorts, including Punta del Este, regarded as a jet set destination in South America, is one but not the only attraction of Uruguay.  International cruises call at Montevideo from October to March every year.  Also, Uruguay hosts many year-round international conferences.


Montevideo is home to the headquarters (secretariat) of Mercosur, the Common Market of the South, whose full members are Uruguay, Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Venezuela, associate members Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru.


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