Physical evidences Definition and Application

The evidence ,which can be touched, seen , smell or any evidence which gives  the relevancy with the fact  of scene of crime is known  as physical evidence.    Physical evidences are directly link up the scene of crime.It consists in providing the presence of suspect at the scene  of crime or in showing  that an object  which can  be  conclusively  linked  with him/her  in some way was  used in the commission  of crime.Physical evidence is reliable evidence, which  can prove  the presence  of offender  in scene of crime, the notion behind  this is “every contact  leaves  trace”.Physical  evidences are left  by the offender  at a time  of occurrence of crime, and take  something  from  the body or scene  of crime  which  was not before.

Generally we  can found two types of evidence  within the physical  evidence having  class character, and evidence having  individual  character. From  the evidence  having class  character, the offender  can not find exactly. Class character denotes  the evidence  found in scene of crime , which can be used by a large  number of people .Such as, shoe marks, tire marks, and so on. But in individual character  evidence , investigator can find  out  the offender exactly. Individual character evidence  can not be found in  repeated  form  and it  poses  the unique  in nature, it can not be duplicated and can not be found another similar potential value, such as finger print,  foot print  and palm print. To fully appreciate the potential  value  of physical  evidence , the investigator  must understand  difference between  class  character  and individual  character of physical   evidence that are  termed class character.

Evidence with high degree  of probability , as original  with a particular  source. The ability to established individuality  distinguishes  this type  of physical evidence from that possessing  only  class characteristics.Such as , finger print, foot print and palm print.

Application of Physical Evidence:

Physical evidence has unique in nature and which can not duplicate by any one.  It has individual nature  and distinct  from any other  person. In Nepalese context, the uses of physical evidence  to convict suspect is very  poor. Nepalese  criminal justice system is based on confession , so criminal justice system of Nepal has to develop to collect  the best evidence. We get exceptional case of  using  the physical evidence to convict  the suspect. If the physical evidences are use to  convict  the suspect  the possibility  of punishing  the innocent will be reduced.