Version Control

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Version Control (a.k.a. Revision Control or Source Control) is the practice of keeping record of changes to a file or set of files over time so that you can recall specific versions later.

Version control helps to identify which changes to a source code have caused a problem (a bug) in a software. VC systems allow comparing the current source code to an earlier, working version of the software, and allow restoring the source code to a previous state.

Centralized Version Control Systems (CVCS), such as CVS, Subversion, Perforce, use a central server to store and retrieve all changes (“central repository”). In Distributed Version Control Systems (DVCS), such as Git, Mercurial, Bazaar, each “local copy” is a full mirror of “the” repository. There is no single point of failure in a DVCS, and each repository can pull changes from or push changes to another one.

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