CryptocurrencyA type of currency that uses cryptography instead of a central bank to provide security and verify transactions. Bitcoin is the first cryptocurrency.
AltcoinAn altcoin is the community accepted name for any coin that isn’t Bitcoin. Altcoins that we’ve previously discussed include Dash and Monero.

BlockchainA publicly shared record of every (e.g bitcoin) transaction that has ever been processed. The blockchain is in chronological order to easily navigate where your bitcoins came from and where they go after you send them to someone else. Every ten minutes a new block is added to the blockchain through mining.
Blockchain ExplorerExplorer is an online tool/site that allows you to view information about blocks, addresses, and transactions on the Coin blockchain.
AssetAsset (or Cryptoasset) is a currency or token that depends on a cryptocurrency blockchain (usually on Ethereum blockchain) as a platform to operate.
Fiat moneyFiat or Fiat money physical money (paper money and coins), while representative money is something that represents intent to pay the money such as a check. Fiat money is backed by the government, and representative money can be backed by different things. For example, a personal check is backed by the money in a bank account. Without backing, both fiat money and representative money are completely worthless.
Address (Public Key)A string of letters and numbers which bitcoins can be sent to and from. A bitcoin address can be shared publicly, and like sending a message to an email address, a bitcoin address can be provided to others that wish to send you bitcoin.
Private KeyEvery public key (bitcoin address) has a private key associated with it. A private key is a secret piece of data that proves your right to spend bitcoins from your wallet. Your private key(s) are stored in your computer if you use a software wallet; they are stored on some remote servers if you use a web wallet. If you don’t encrypt your bitcoin wallet it makes it easier for someone to steal your private keys. Anyone with access to your private keys can spend your bitcoin from any computer worldwide.
Mining"The act of generating new bitcoins/Altcoins by solving cryptographic problems using computing hardware.", also the process by which transactions are verified and added to a blockchain. This process of solving cryptographic problems using computing hardware also triggers the release of cryptocurrencies.
Block RewardA reward that is given to a miner after successfully hashing a transaction block.
Cloud MiningCloud Mining is the process of mining utilizing a remote datacenter with shared processing power often contracted through a Cloud Mining company. This type of mining allows users to mine Bitcoins / Altcoins without having to manage their own hardware. Since Cloud Mining is provided as a service there is generally some cost, and this can result in lower returns for the miner.
NodeA computer that possesses a copy of the blockchain and is working to maintain it.
ForkA situation where a blockchain splits into two separate chains. Forks generally happen in the crypto-world when new ‘governance rules’ are built into the blockchain’s code.
Hash"A mathematical process that takes a variable amount of data and produces a shorter, fixed-length output."
PoW Proof of work:
"A system that ties mining capability to computational power."
PoS Proof of Stake:
"An alternative to proof of work, in which your exiting stake in a currency is used to calculate the amount of that currency that you can mine."

Pump and Dump

WhalesA whale is a large holder, who owns enough coins to move the market by a substantial amount when they buy or sell.
mBTCA bitcoin metric of 1 thousandth of a bitcoin (0.001 BTC).
Satoshi The satoshi is currently the smallest unit of the bitcoin (It is a one hundred millionth of a single bitcoin), The unit has been named in collective homage to the original creator of Bitcoin, Satoshi Nakamoto.
Satoshi Nakamotothe pseudonym used by the original inventor of the Bitcoin protocol.
WalletWhere you store your bitcoins. A bitcoin wallet is a program that manages all of your bitcoin addresses and allows you to save or spend your bitcoin.
Paper walletA hard copy containing bitcoin/altcoin wallet information such as addresses and their corresponding private keys. Paper wallets are often used to store bitcoins/altcoins securely in a non-software capacity.
Hardware walletA Hardware wallet is a USB device with usually 2 buttons. It stores the keys. The private keys never leave the device so they won’t be stolen/copied by malware. A hardware wallet communicates with a wallet on the computer or a web wallet running in a browser. Transactions are send from the client computer to the hardware wallet through a USB connection. A user can sign/confirm or cancel a transaction by using the buttons on the hardware wallet. Hardware wallets often use a PIN chosen by the user or a password to confirm transactions. You also don’t have to download the entire blockchain.
Electrum WalletLightweight wallet, based on a client-server protocol, It protects you from losing coins in a backup mistake or computer failure, because your wallet can be recovered from a secret phrase (Seed) that you can write on paper or learn by heart. There is no waiting time when you start the Wallet, because it does not download the Coin blockchain.
HD WalletAn HD wallet, or hierarchical deterministic wallet, is a system of bitcoin/altcoin key and address generation that allows for an initial seed (a number based on the 12 random words) to control subsequent behavior. Standard wallets generate both change and new addresses in a random fashion, meaning that the private keys to each newly generated address are wholly independent from one another. In a standard wallet, if a newly generated private key is lost, it cannot be derived from previous inputs to that standard wallet system. However, with HD wallets, an initial seed value acts as a sort of master key, such that private keys generated after the initial seeding are regenerable as long as that single seed value remains known to the user. The usability upside to this deterministic system is coupled with the potential vulnerability of losing control of many private keys if the seed is compromised.

Hot WalletA Bitcoin/altcoin wallet that resides on a device that is connected to the internet. A wallet installed on a desktop computer or smartphone is usually a hot wallet.
Cold StorageThe storage of Bitcoin/altcoin private keys in any fashion that is disconnected from the internet. Typical cold storage includes USB drives, offline computers, or paper wallets.
Market CapThe market capitalization of a digital currency is the total value of all its coins. It is usually used to compute the currently available supply rather than the expected total supply, and excluding unreleased/premine coins/tokens. So, market cap is derived by multiplying the market price by the number of coins that are released to the open market.
PremineWhen some or all of a coin’s initial supply is generated automatically by the developer at, or prior to, the public launch, rather than being generated over time through a form of mining, this is called a ‘pre-mine’ or ‘premine’. Pre-mines can be used for legitimate purposes: for example to crowdfund development through an ICO, or to put into a fund for the continued development and promotion of a coin. They can also be dumped onto the market, for a quick and easy profit, by a developer who then abandons the coin and disappears in a kind of exit scam.
ROIReturn on Investment. The percentage of how much money has been made compared to an initial investment. (i.e., 100% ROI means someone doubled their money).
ConfirmationA confirmation means that the blockchain transaction has been verified by the network. This happens through a process known as mining, in a proof-of-work system (e.g. Bitcoin). Once a transaction is confirmed, it cannot be reversed or double spent. The more confirmations a transaction has, the harder it becomes to perform a double spend attack.
Double SpendDouble spend refers to a scenario, in the Bitcoin network, where someone tries to send a bitcoin transaction to two different recipients at the same time. However, once a bitcoin transaction is confirmed, it makes it nearly impossible to double spend it. The more confirmations that a particular transaction has, the harder it becomes to double spend the bitcoins.
Genesis BlockThe very first block in a block chain.
HalvingBitcoins have a finite supply, which makes them a scarce digital commodity. The total amount of bitcoins that will ever be issued is 21 million. The number of bitcoins generated per block is decreased 50% every four years. This is called “halving.” The final halving will take place in the year 2140.
WhitepaperA documentation describing a crypto currencies protocol in detail
DecentralizedWithout a central authority or controlling party. Bitcoin is a decentralized network since no company, government, or individual is in control of it.
DAPPSDApp is an abbreviated form for decentralized application, A DApp has its backend code running on a decentralized peer-to-peer network. Contrast this with an app where the backend code is running on centralized servers.
Open SourceSoftware whose code is made publicly available and that is free to distribute. Bitcoin is an open source project and arguably the first open source money.
MooningIn the crypto-world, this does not mean exposing your buttocks. It is referring to a price going up astronomical levels.
BTC  1MVYDpfTZXUXa6d9r6WZkG3bski9ejsSK9
ETH   0x1376e50c4eb49435d6dacc5a0facc8641da6a6ba
LTC   LhuJCPADRqfPFkEymqmj9JjkbdJwEMjRoo
DGB   DBHqdrNYyk189dAdFv6PVdLx3s8K5ozu6J