TY - JOUR AU - Bajracharya, Jiwak Raj PY - 2019/12/31 Y2 - 2021/08/01 TI - Instructional Design and Models: ASSURE and Kemp JF - Journal of Education and Research JA - J Educ & Res VL - 9 IS - 2 SE - Editorial DO - 10.3126/jer.v9i2.30459 UR - https://www.nepjol.info/index.php/JER/article/view/30459 SP - 1-8 AB - <p>Instructional Design (ID) is a procedure for developing an educational or training programme, curricula, or courses sequentially and authentically (Branch &amp; Merrill, 2011). This procedure enables instructors to create instructions, which involves the “systematic planning of instruction” (Smith &amp; Ragan, 2005, p. 8), ranging from instructional analysis to evaluation (Mager, 1984). Thus, ID can be referred to as a “systematic and reflective process of translating principles of learning and instruction into plans for instructional materials, activities, information resources, and evaluation” (Smith &amp; Ragan, 2005, p. 4). As such, taken as a framework, ID provides the process to create instructions based on the necessity of a teaching and learning environment. Thus, ID can be defined as a process to develop directions and specifications using learning and instructional theory to ensure the quality of instruction.</p> ER -