The Info List - Thutmose III

--- Advertisement ---





* 1 Family * 2 Dates and length of reign

* 3 Thutmose\'s military campaigns

* 3.1 First Campaign * 3.2 Tours of Canaan and Syria * 3.3 Conquest of Syria * 3.4 Attack on Mitanni * 3.5 Tours of Syria * 3.6 Nubian Campaign

* 4 Monumental construction

* 4.1 Artistic developments * 4.2 Karnak * 4.3 Tomb

* 5 Defacing of Hatshepsut\'s monuments

* 6 Death and burial

* 6.1 Mummy

* 7 See also * 8 References * 9 Further reading * 10 External links


A fragment of a wall block. The hieroglyphs Son of Ra were inscribed over the cartouche of the birth-name of Thutmos III. 18th Dynasty. From Egypt. The Petrie Museum of Egyptian Archaeology, London



Thutmosis III had several wives:

* Satiah : She may have been the mother of his firstborn son, Amenemhat . An alternative theory is that the boy was the son of Neferure. Amenemhat predeceased his father. * Merytre- Hatshepsut . Thutmose's successor, the crown prince and future king Amenhotep II , was the son of Merytre-Hatshepsut. Additional children include Menkheperre and daughters named Nebetiunet , Meryetamun (C) , Meryetamun (D) and Iset . Merytre- Hatshepsut was the daughter of the divine adoratrice Huy. * Nebtu : she is depicted on a pillar in Thutmose III's tomb. * Menwi, Merti, Menhet three foreign wives. * Neferure : Thutmose III may have married his half-sister, but there is no conclusive evidence for this marriage. It has been suggested that Neferure, instead of Satiah, may have been the mother of Amenemhat.



The length of Thutmose III's reign is known to the day thanks to information found in the tomb of the military commander Amenemheb-Mahu . Amenemheb-Mahu records Thutmose III's death to his master's 54th regnal year, on the 30th day of the 3rd month of _Peret _. The day of Thutmose III's accession is known to be I Shemu day 4, and astronomical observations can be used to establish the exact dates of the beginning and end of the king's reign (assuming the low chronology) from April 24, 1479 BC to March 11, 1425 BC respectively.


Further information: Djehuty (general) and The Taking of Joppa Amada - Temple founded by Tuthmosis III end Amenophis II of the XVIIIth dynasty Bronze knife blade inscribed with cartouche of Thutmose III, "Beloved of Min of Koptos". 18th Dynasty. Probably foundation deposit no.1, Temple of Min, Koptos, Egypt. Petrie Museum
















_ Thutmose's tekhen waty_, today standing in Rome as the Lateran obelisk . The move from Egypt to Rome was initiated by Constantine the Great (Roman Emperor, 324–337) in 326, though he died before it could be shipped out of Alexandria. His son, the Emperor Constantius II completed the transfer in 357. An account of the shipment was written by contemporary historian Ammianus Marcellinus .









A crown from Menhet, Menwi and Merti 's tomb. Glass making advanced during the reign of Thutmose III and this cup bears his name. Depiction of Tuthmoses III at Karnak holding a Hedj Club and a Sekhem Scepter standing before two obelisks he had erected there.




East of the Iput-Isut, he erected another temple to Aten where he was depicted as being supported by Amun. It was inside this temple that Thutmose planned on erecting his _tekhen waty_, or "unique obelisk." The _tekhen waty_ was designed to stand alone, instead as part of a pair, and is the tallest obelisk ever successfully cut. It was not, however, erected until Thutmose IV raised it, thirty five years later. It was later moved to Rome by Emperor Constantius II and is now known as the Lateran Obelisk .











After her death, many of Hatshepsut's monuments and depictions were subsequently defaced or destroyed, including those in her famous mortuary temple complex at Deir el-Bahri . Traditionally, these have been interpreted by early modern scholars to be evidence of acts of damnatio memoriae (condemning a person by erasure from recorded existence) by Thutmose III. However, recent research by scholars such as Charles Nims and Peter Dorman has re-examined these erasures and found that the acts of erasure which could be dated only began some time during year forty-six or forty-seven of Thutmose's reign (c. 1433/2 BC). Another often overlooked fact is that Hatshepsut was not the only one who received this treatment. The monuments of her chief steward Senenmut , who was closely associated with her rule, were similarly defaced where they were found. All of this evidence casts serious doubt upon the popular theory that Thutmose III ordered the destruction in a fit of vengeful rage shortly after his accession.



Mummified head of Thutmose III. Statue of Thutmosis III at the Kunsthistorisches Museum , Vienna .

According to the American Egyptologist Peter Der Manuelian, a statement in the tomb biography of an official named Amenemheb establishes that Thutmose III died on Year 54, III Peret day 30 of his reign after ruling Egypt for 53 YEARS, 10 MONTHS, AND 26 DAYS (Urk. 180.15). Thutmose III, hence, died just one month and four days shy of the start of his fifty-fourth regnal year. When the co-regencies with Hatshepsut and Amenhotep II are deducted, he ruled alone as pharaoh for just over thirty of those years.










* Cleopatra\'s Needles * History of ancient Egypt * Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt Family Tree


* ^ Clayton, Peter. Chronicle of the Pharaohs, Thames An Introduction to the Study of Ancient History and the Career of Early Man. Outlines of European History 1. Boston: Ginn and Company, 1914, p.85 * ^ page v–vi of the Preface to Thutmose III: A New Biography, University of Michigan Press, 2006 * ^ Redford, Donald B. _Egypt, Canaan, and Israel in Ancient Times._ p. 156. Princeton University Press, Princeton NJ, 1992. * ^ _A_ _B_ _C_ Steindorff, George; and Seele, Keith. When Egypt Ruled the East. p.53. University of Chicago, 1942. * ^ _A_ _B_ _C_ _D_ Redford, Donald B. _Egypt, Canaan, and Israel in Ancient Times._ p. 157. Princeton University Press, Princeton NJ, 1992. * ^ _A_ _B_ Steindorff, George; and Seele, Keith. When Egypt Ruled the East. p.54. University of Chicago, 1947. * ^ Gardiner, Alan. _ Egypt of the Pharaohs._ p. 192 Oxford University Press, 1964 * ^ Redford 2003 , p. 197. * ^ Urkunden der 18. Dynastie 657.2 * ^ _A_ _B_ Steindorff, George; and Seele, Keith. _When Egypt Ruled the East._ p.55. University of Chicago, 1942. * ^ Steindorff, George; and Seele, Keith. _When Egypt Ruled the East._ p.56. University of Chicago, 1942. * ^ Gardiner, Alan. _ Egypt of the Pharaohs._ p. 193 Oxford University Press, 1964 * ^ _A_ _B_ Grimal, Nicolas. _A History of Ancient Egypt._ p.214. Librairie Arthéme Fayard, 1988. * ^ _A_ _B_ Redford 2003 , p. 53. * ^ Breasted, James Henry. _Ancient Records of Egypt,_ Vol. II p. 191. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 1906. * ^ Breasted, James Henry. _Ancient Records of Egypt,_ Vol. II p. 192. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 1906. * ^ Redford 2003 , p. 213. * ^ Breasted, James Henry. _Ancient Records of Egypt,_ Vol. II p. 193. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 1906. * ^ Redford 2003 , p. 214. * ^ Breasted, James Henry. _Ancient Records of Egypt, Vol. II_ p. 195. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 1906. * ^ _A_ _B_ _C_ Redford 2003 , p. 217 * ^ _A_ _B_ _C_ _D_ _E_ _F_ Redford 2003 , p. 218. * ^ _A_ _B_ _C_ _D_ Grimal, Nicolas. _A History of Ancient Egypt._ p.215. Librairie Arthéme Fayard, 1988. * ^ Redford 2003 , p. 219. * ^ _A_ _B_ _C_ Redford 2003 , p. 226. * ^ _A_ _B_ _C_ _D_ _E_ Redford 2003 , p. 225. * ^ _A_ _B_ _C_ Grimal, Nicolas. _A History of Ancient Egypt._ p.216. Librairie Arthéme Fayard, 1988. * ^ Redford 2003 , p. 81. * ^ Redford 2003 , p. 83. * ^ _A_ _B_ _C_ Redford 2003 , p. 229. * ^ Redford 2003 , p. 84. * ^ _A_ _B_ Redford 2003 , p. 87. * ^ Redford 2003 , p. 234. * ^ Redford 2003 , p. 92. * ^ Redford 2003 , p. 235. * ^ Redford 2003 , p. 94. * ^ _A_ _B_ _C_ Redford 2003 , p. 238. * ^ _A_ _B_ Redford 2003 , p. 240. * ^ Redford 2003 , p. 239. * ^ _A_ _B_ Lipinska, Jadwiga. "Thutmose III," p.403. _The Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Egypt._ Ed. Donald Redford. Vol. 3, pp.401–403. Oxford University Press, 2001. * ^ _A_ _B_ _C_ _D_ _E_ _F_ _G_ _H_ Lipinska, Jadwiga. "Thutmose III," p.402. _The Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Egypt._ Ed. Donald Redford. Vol. 3, pp.401–403. Oxford University Press, 2001. * ^ W.B. Honey. _Review of Glass Vessels before Glass-Blowing by Poul Fossing._ p.135. The Burlington Magazine for Connoisseurs, (Apr. 1941) * ^ Grimal, Nicolas. _A History of Ancient Egypt._ p.302. Librairie Arthéme Fayard, 1988. * ^ _A_ _B_ _C_ _D_ _E_ _F_ _G_ _H_ Grimal, Nicolas. _A History of Ancient Egypt._ p.303. Librairie Arthéme Fayard, 1988. * ^ Breasted, James Henry. _Ancient Records of Egypt, Vol. II._ p. 330. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 1906. * ^ Pemberton, Delia and Fletcher, Joann. Treasures of the Pharaohs. p.61. Chronicle Books LLC. 2004. ISBN 0-8118-4424-2 . * ^ Shaw, Ian, and Nicholson, Paul. The Dictionary of Ancient Egypt. p.120. Harry N. Abrams, Inc. ISBN 0-8109-9096-2 . 1995. * ^ _A_ _B_ Shaw, Ian. The Oxford History of Ancient Egypt. p.241. Oxford University Press. 2000. ISBN 0-19-280458-8 * ^ Russman, Edna R. (ed) Etermal Egypt: Masterworks of Ancient Art from the British Museum. p.120-121. University of California Press. 2001. ISBN 1-885444-19-2 . * ^ Peter Der Manuelian, Studies in the Reign of Amenophis II, Hildesheimer Ägyptologische Beiträge(HÄB) Verlag: 1987, p.20 * ^ Forbes, Dennis C. Tombs, Treasures, Mummies: Seven Great Discoveries of Egyptian Archaeology, p.43-44. KMT Communications, Inc. 1998. * ^ _A_ _B_ Romer, John. The Valley of the Kings. p182. Castle Books, 2003. ISBN 0-7858-1588-0 * ^ _A_ _B_ Maspero, Gaston. _History Of Egypt, Chaldaea, Syria, Babylonia, and Assyria, Volume 5 (of 12)_ at the Wayback Machine (archived May 23, 2006), Project Gutenberg EBook, Release Date: December 16, 2005. EBook #17325. * ^ Smith, G Elliot. The Royal Mummies, p.34. Duckworth, 2000 (reprint) * ^ Forbes, Dennis C. Tombs, Treasures, Mummies: Seven Great Discoveries of Egyptian Archaeology, p.631. KMT Communications, Inc. 1998.


* Eloise Jarvis McGraw , "Mara, Daughter of the Nile" * Redford, Donald B. (2003). _The Wars in Syria and Palestine of Thutmose III_. Culture and History of the Ancient Near East 16. Leiden: Brill. ISBN 90-04-12989-8 . * Der Manuelian, Peter, Studies in the Reign of Amenophis II, Hildesheimer Ägyptologische Beiträge(HÄB) Verlag: 1987 * Cline, Eric H. and O\'Connor, David , _ Thutmose III : A New Biography_, University of Michigan Press, 2006. ISBN 0-472-11467-0 , incorporates a number of important new survey articles regarding the reign of Thutmose III, including administration, art, religion and foreign affairs * Reisinger, Magnus, Entwicklung der ägyptischen Königsplastik in der frühen und hohen 18. Dynastie, Agnus-Verlag, Münster 2005, ISBN 3-00-015864-2 * Breasted, James Henry . _Ancient Records of Egypt_, , University of Illinois Press, 2001. ISBN 0-252-06974-9 * River God by Smith, Wilbur along with the rest of his Egyptian series of historical fiction novels are based in a large part on Thutmose III's time along with his story and that of his mother through the eyes of his mother's vizier mixing in elements of the Hyksos' domination and eventual overthrow.


_ Wikimedia Commons