Christopher "moot" Poole 談線上匿名個案
Christopher "moot" Poole: The case for anonymity online
講者：Christopher "moot" Poole
翻譯：                劉契良
編輯：                洪曉慧
簡繁轉換：            陳盈
後制：                劉契良
字幕影片後制：        謝旻均
具爭議性且無審查的線上影像佈告欄 4chan 創辦人敘述自己的次文化，還有其所發起的一些網站「迷因」和其使用者成功且十分公開、精準地駭入主流媒體網站的插曲，這場演講顯露了關於匿名力量與代價的問題。
關於 Christopher "moot" Poole
Christopher "moot" Poole 是 4chan 的創辦人，這是一個線上影像佈告欄，其匿名網民大量傳播了網上最令人迷惑，但也最具影響力的次文化。
自從 2003 年創辦開始，Christopher "moot" Poole 爭議性十足的影像佈告欄 4chan 就未曾甩掉其全球名聲，因它已被公認是諸多最為人熟悉的網路「迷因」催生地（想一下搞笑貓圖）。它同時也是主流媒體網站「高調」駭客的來源地，至少是一個活躍於真實世界中的改革運動，如果不管道德感的話。
除了它所吸引到能癱瘓伺服器的瀏覽之外，這個未被馴服網路的最後主要基地讓廣告商又驚又喜，但 moot 努力讓它繼續存活下去，你也許會認為佈告欄的內容盡是猥褻淫穢，或只是一些怪跏貼文，但它已成為固定於主流邊緣上的必備元素，更別忘它所擁有的文化力量。
「因為沒有規則，4chan 培養出一個創意十足的環境，還有其他來自創意的諸多美好事物」。
Christopher "moot" Poole

Christopher "moot" Poole 的英文網上資料

Tom Green：那是 4chan 的玩意兒，這些小朋友在網路上，他們有這麼一群小朋友，他們喜歡說些玩笑話，像是「星際穿梭」，那是來自電玩「星際火狐」的招式，「星際火狐 20」？（助理：「星際火狐 64」），Tom Green：Yeah！而這已困擾了我一整年的時間，我必需要先訴你，它快把我搞瘋了，真的，有時我會在半夜驚醒並尖叫「4chan」！
Christopher Poole：我 15 歲時，我發現了這個網站，名為雙葉頻道，那是個日本論壇與影像佈告欄，而那種格式的論壇在當時並不為日本以外的地方所熟知，所以，我做的就是將它翻譯成英文，然後很神氣地提供給我的朋友使用，現在，六年半之後，超過七百萬人在用它，每天有 700,000 條的貼文，我們也從原來的一個版，擴展到 48 個版，這就是它看起來的樣子，而這個網站最特別的地方是它全部匿名，而且不存記憶、沒有記錄、沒有障礙且無需註冊，這些我們習以為常的論壇公約都不存在於 4chan，而那也就導致討論完全自然且不受過濾，且成為網站著名的原因，因為它擁有這麼一個環境，它促進了許多網路現象、病毒影視等的發明，統稱作「迷因」，其中兩個出自本站的最重要迷因是你們有些人可能熟悉的搞笑貓圖，就只是附文字的傻笑貓圖，這還引起了數百萬人的回響，明顯地，因為有數以萬計張這類的圖，現在已形成一個獨特的部落格王朝，專門收集這類的搞笑圖，另一個迷因是 Rick Astley 的重生，就在最近這兩年，「瑞奇惡搞」是種請君入甕的策略，十分簡單，經典的掛羊頭賣狗肉，某人說要提供一個有趣的連結，但你連到的是一首 80 年代的流行歌曲，就這麼簡單，而其流行程度大到在去年梅西百貨的感恩節遊行中有一台花車，中途 Rick Astley 突然現身且來場本尊對嘴式的「瑞奇惡搞」，幽了電視機前數百萬人一默（笑聲）。
數以千計的迷因都來自網站，有一部份甚至已竄入主流，就像我剛播放的那一項，但每天、每月人們都在製造數以千計像這樣的迷因，所以，像這樣的網站是否有規範？我們確實有，我擬編了一些有系統的規範，但整個社群基本上是不鳥我的，他們有自己所擬的規範，「網路規範」，有三條我特別想要在此提出，第一條，不提 /b/，第二條，絕不提 /b/，第三條有點趣味，「如果真有規範，必內藏色情，絕無例外」（笑聲），我就略過那張幻燈片，但我向各位保證，那條是來真的，/b/ 是我們的開站首版，它在很多方面都是這個網站的躍動心臟，那也是三分之一的站內流量所在，而 /b/ 之所以出名是，且超越任何事，不只是他們所創造的迷因，而是其輝煌成就，Chris 剛有提到其中一樣，即「時代 100」推選，有人在時代雜誌認為提名我應會很好玩，將我推選進去年的這一項活動，所以他們將我放入選單，而網路聽到風聲，我的社群決定，他們要讓我贏得頭獎，我並未指示他們那麼做，他們自己決定那是他們要幹的事，所以，我想 390% 的推舉率還不賴（笑聲），他們沖爆了那項推選活動，結果是我摘下冠軍的頭銜，我並參加了這一個非常豪華的派對，但那並非這個事件有趣之處，因為他們不只將我推向榜上第一名，他們還非常不落俗套地玩弄了所有前 21 名的位置，得獎者是「mARBLECAKE 也有參賽喔」（笑聲），花在該項工作上的時間和精力，絕對是驚人的，而「marble cake」很重要，因為那是這個名為「匿名」社群所組織的頻道，而「匿名」就是這群以抗議山達基教會聞名的人們，故事是這樣的，山達基教會製作了一支令湯姆‧克魯斯難堪的影帶，而且還上線，雖然他們後來下線，但也惹毛了一些網民，所以這些人，超過 7,000 人，在一個月內於全球組織了一百個城市，這是在洛杉磯，出面抗議山達基教會，而且還持續這麼做，到現在已經滿兩年了，他們仍在抗議（笑聲），所以我們有這個行動主義者的社群，這種草根性的社群來自這個網站。
最後，我要講的例子是「小貓灰灰」的故事，灰灰是我們為這隻貓所取的名字，這位年輕人上傳了一支影帶到 YouTube，內容關於他如何虐待他的貓，當然，這惹火了人們，接著大量的反對聲浪出現，呼籲人們進行制裁，而他們的做法是，我想說的是，他們讓 C.S.I. 蒙羞，讓網路偵探出馬，他們比對並找出他的 MySpace 檔案，他們再拿出 YouTube 影帶仔細分析每個細部，24 小時內，他們得到他的名字，48 小時內，他被捕了（掌聲）。所以，我認為很奇妙的地方，關於像 4chan 這樣一個社群，是它是一個開放的空間，如我所說，它自然、未經過濾，而現今像這樣的網站好像已走入歷史，它們快絕種了，因為我們正走向社交網絡，我們正走向一種恆持的身分認同，我們正走向一種缺乏隱私的身分，真的，我們因此犧牲很多，我認為那樣做的後果是，走向那些方向的後果是我們失去了一些有價值的東西，感謝聆聽（掌聲）。
Chris Anderson：感謝您，有些問題請教，如果我問他們，TED 網站會消失嗎？
CA：嗯，但天曉得，他們有些人，我們在全球 75 個國家都有人在聽講，不要告訴任何人，但說真的，這個匿名的議題是，我指的是你提出這個議題，但匿名基本上允許人們談論任何事，完全沒有規則，你必需對抗的是像兒童色情之類的事，我好奇的是，你是否有時會晚上睡覺時睜開眼，擔心著你已開啟了潘朵拉的盒子？
CP：Yes and no，我是說，看看那些正面，來自這個環境的正面效應，當然也會有很多負面的事，而且還是很多，但我認為較多正面的效應，已由這個環境所提供，即讓人們可以沒有很多像這樣的地方是你可以到訪而不需身分，完全匿名
CA：告訴我，我是說你有在版上提問，你在 TED 該說些什麼，對嗎？！
CP: Yeah，我貼了一條文，就在星期天，24 小時內，已有超過 12000 條的回應，而事實上，我並沒有採納任何意見到今天的演講中，因為，我根本就無法跟你們分享任何他們說的話，大致如此（笑聲），99 % 的回應都將會被「嗶」－消音，但也還是有些正面的建議（笑聲），就有人提及像愛與和平。
CP：我讓那條貼文掛在那兒幾天，它接著吸引了近 16,000 條回應，現在已移除了。
現在，我不確定我當初是否該建議 TED 迷前去一探究竟，Chris，你自己呢？我是說你是位具有複雜情節的角色，你擁有這種驚人的半地下影響力，但那還未讓你賺很多錢，對嗎？心中有沒有個商業願景？
CA：哪種對話是你曾和，或現在和你媽會談的話題？關於 4chan。
CA：所以，往後 10 年的時間，你對未來有何願景？
CA：Chris，感謝您，超精彩的演講，感謝您來 TED。


About this talk


About Christopher "moot" Poole

Christopher "moot" Poole is founder of 4chan, an online imageboard whose anonymous denizens have spawned the web's most bewildering -- and influential -- subculture. Full bio and more links


Tom Green: That's a 4chan thing. These kids on the Internet, they have this group of kids and they like to say funny words like "barrel roll." It's a video game move from "Star Fox." "Star Fox 20"? (Assistant: "Star Fox 64.") Tom Green: Yeah. And they've been dogging me for a year. I got to tell you, it's driving me nuts, actually. Sometimes I wake up in the middle of the night and I scream, "4chan!"

Christopher Poole: When I was 15, I found this website called Futaba Channel. And it was a Japanese forum and imageboard. And that format of forum, at that time, was not well-known outside of Japan. And so what I did is I took it, I translated it into English, and I stuck it up for my friends to use. And now, six and a half years later, over 7 million people are using it, contributing over 700,000 posts per day. And we've gone from one board to 48 boards. This is what it looks like. So, what's unique about the site is that it's anonymous, and it has no memory. There's no archive. There are no barriers. There's no registration. These things that we're used to with forums don't exist on 4chan. And that's led to this discussion that's completely raw, completely unfiltered. And what the site's known for, because it has this environment, is it's fostered the creation of a lot of Internet phenomena, viral videos and whatnot, known as "memes."

Two of the largest memes that have come out of this site some of you might be familiar with are these LOLcats -- just silly pictures of cats with text. And this resonates with millions of people, apparently, because there are tens of thousands of these, and there is a whole blogging empire now dedicated to pictures like these. And Rick Astley's kind of rebrith these past two years ... Rickroll was this bait and switch, really simple, classic bait and switch. Somebody says they're linking to something interesting, and you get an '80s pop song. That's all it was. And it got big enough to the point where there was a float last year at the Macy's Thanksgiving Day parade, and Rick Astley pops out, and rickrolls millions of people on television. (Laughter) There are thousands of memes that come out of the site. There are a handful that have escaped into the mainstream, the ones I've just shown you, but every day, every month, people are producing thousands of these.

So does a site like this have rules? We do; they're the codified rules that I've come up with, which are more-or-less ignored by the community. And so they've come up with their own set of rules, the "Rules of the Internet." And so there are three that I want to show you specifically. Rule one is you don't talk about /b/. Two is you do not talk about /b/. And this one's kind of interesting: "If it exists, there is porn of it. No exceptions." (Laughter) And I will spare you that slide. I assure you, it is very true.

/b/ is the first board we started with, and it is, in many ways the beating heart of the website. It is where a third of all the traffic is going. And /b/ is known for, more than anything, not just the memes they've created, but the exploits. And Chris just touched on one of those a second ago, and that was the Time 100 poll. So somebody at Time, at the magazine, thought it would be fun to nominate me for this thing they did last year. And so they placed me on it, and the Internet got wind of it. My community decided they wanted me to win it. I didn't instruct them to do it; they just decided that that's what they wanted. And so, you know, 390 percent approval rating ain't so bad. (Laughter) So they broke that poll. And I ended up on top. I ended up at this really fancy party.

But that's not what's interesting about this. It's that they weren't putting me at the top of this list; they were actually -- it got so sophisticated to the point where they gamed all of the top 21 places to spell "mARBLECAKE. ALSO, THE GAME." (Laughter) The amount of time and effort that went into that is absolutely incredible. And "marble cake" is significant because it is the channel that this group called Anonymous organized. And Anonymous is this group of people that protested, very famously, Scientology. And so the story is, Scientology had this embarrassing video of Tom Cruise. It went up online. They got it taken offline and managed to piss off part of the Internet. And so these people, over 7,000 people, less than one month later, organized in a hundred cities around the globe and -- this is L.A. -- protested the Church of Scientology, and they have continued to do so, now, two full years after the fact. They are still protesting. (Laughter) So we've got this activist group that's this grassroots group that's come out of the site.

And last, I'm going to show you the example, the story of Dusty the cat. Dusty is the name that we've given to this cat. This young man posted a video of him abusing his cat on YouTube. And, you know, this didn't sit well with people, and so there was this outpouring of support for people to do something about this. So what they did is they -- I mean, they put C.S.I. to shame here -- the Internet detectives came out. They matched, they found his MySpace. They took the YouTube video and they mashed everything in the video. And within 24 hours, they had his name. And within 48 hours, he was arrested.


And so, what I think is really intriguing about a community like 4chan is just that it's this open place. As I said, it's raw, it's unfiltered. And sites like it are kind of going the way of the dinosaur right now. They're endangered because we're moving towards social networking. We're moving towards persistent identity. We're moving towards, you know, a lack of privacy, really. We're sacrificing a lot of that, and I think in doing so, moving towards those things, we're losing something valuable.

Thank you.


Chris Anderson: Thank you. Got a couple questions for you. But if I ask them, is the TED website going to go down?

CP: You're lucky that this is not being streamed to them live right now. CA: Well, you never know. Some of them -- we've got people in 75 countries out there watching. Don't tell. But seriously, this issue on anonymity is -- I mean, you made the case there. But anonymity basically allows people to say anything. All the rule's gone. You've had to wrestle with issues like child pornography. And I'm just curious whether you sometimes lie awake in the night worrying that you've opened Pandora's box.

CP: Yes and no. I mean, for as much good that kind of comes out of this environment, there is plenty of bad. There are plenty of downsides. But I think that the greater good is being served here by just allowing people -- there are very few places, now, where you can go and not have identity, to be completely anonymous and say whatever you'd like. And saying whatever you like, I think, is powerful. Doing whatever you like is, now, crossing a line. But I think it's important to have these places. When I get emails, people say, "Thank you for giving me this place, this outlet, where I can come after work and be myself."

CA: But words, saying things, you know, can be constructive; it can be really damaging. And if you cut the link between what is said and any attribution back to you, I mean, surely there are huge risks with that.

CP: There are, certainly. But --

CA: Tell me about what -- I mean, I think you asked the board what you might say at TED, right.

CP: Yeah, I posted a thread on Sunday. And within 24 hours, it had over 12 thousand responses. And the thing is, I didn't make it into that presentation because I can't read to you anything that they said, more or less. (Laughter) 99 percent of it is just, would have been, you know, bleeped out. But there were some good things that came out of that too. (Laughter) Love and peace were mentioned.

CA: Love and peace were mentioned, kind of with quote marks around them, right?

CP: Cats and dogs were mentioned too. CA: And that content is all off the board now. Right, it's gone? Or is it still up there?

CP: I stuck that thread so it lasted a few days. It went up to about 16,000 posts, and now it has been taken off.

CA: Okay, well. Now, I'm not sure I would have necessarily recommended everyone at TED to go and check it out anyway. Chris, you yourself? I mean, you're a figure of some intrigue. You've got this surprising semi-underground influence, but it's not making you a lot of money, yet. What's the commercial picture here?

CP: The commercial picture is that there really isn't much of one, I guess. The site has adult content on it. I mean, obviously, it's got some very obscene content on it, just in terms of language alone. And when you've got that, you've pretty much sacrificed any hope of making lots of money.

CA: But you still live at home, right?

CP: I actually moved out recently.

CA: That's very cool.


CP: I got out of mom's, and I'm back in school right now.

CA: But what conversations did you or do you have with your mother about 4chan?

CP: At first, very kind of pained, awkward conversations. The content is not dinner table conversation in the least. But my parents -- I think part of why they kind of are able to appreciate it is because they don't understand it. (Laughter) CA: And they were probably pleased to see you on top of the Time poll.

CP: Yeah. They still didn't know what to think of that though.


CA: And so, in 10 years' time, what do you picture yourself doing?

CP: That's a good question. As I said, I just went back to school, and I am considering majoring in urban studies and then going on to urban planning, kind of taking whatever I've learned from online communities and trying to adapt that to a physical community.

CA: Chris, thank you. Absolutely fascinating. Thank you for coming to TED.



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先說聲抱歉,如果打擾到您們。 誠摯告訴您一個機會：　 你想致富嗎? 相信我 ! 這是一個已被眾多名人保證最有效, 低 門 檻 的 創 業 ->

workonet, 2010-10-13 15:24:40
你的每一篇　都很精采呢　，　我很喜歡　：）　 誠心誠意給您　一 個 工 具 參 考　 若你願意了解 , 那你會得到一個 被 證 明 是 最 卓 越 的 致 富 工具 ! ->
workonet, 2010-09-30 12:27:37
