When we first look at a dataset, we want to be able to quickly understand certain things about it:

  • Do some values occur more often than others?
  • What is the range of the dataset (i.e., the min and the max values)?
  • Are there a lot of outliers?

We can visualize this information using a chart called a histogram.

For instance, suppose that we have the following dataset:


A simple histogram might show us how many 1’s, 2’s, 3’s, etc. we have in this dataset.

Value Number of Samples
1 3
2 5
3 2
4 4
5 1

When graphed, our histogram would look like this: histogram



Look at the histogram to the right. How many values in the data set are equal to either 5 or 6?

Save the amount to the variable value.

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