From Fast Wiki
Jump to: navigation, search

A drug patent is assigned by the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office and assigns exclusive legal right to the patent holder to protect the proprietary chemical formulation. The patent assigns exclusive legal right to the inventor or patent holder, and may include entities such as the drug brand name, trademark, product dosage form, ingredient formulation, or manufacturing process A patent usually expires 20 years from the date of filing, but can be variable based on many factors, including development of new formulations uropean pharmacy mail order,pharmacy in europe,world pharmacy store, of the original chemical, and patent infringement litigation.


Fentanyl, also spelled fentanil, is a powerful opioid used as a pain medication and, together with other medications, for anesthesia.[3] It is also used as a recreational drug, sometimes mixed with heroin, cocaine, or methamphetamine, and its potentially deadly overdose effects can be neutralized by naloxone.[5] Fentanyl is commonly used to create counterfeit drugs marketed as OxyContin, Xanax, Adderall, and other pills. It has a rapid onset and its effects generally last under two hours.[3] Medically, it is used by injection, nasal spray, or skin patch, or absorbed through the cheek as a lozenge or tablet.[3][6]

Common side effects from taking Fentanyl include death, suicide overdose, addiction, nausea or vomiting, constipation, sedation, confusion, and injuries related to poor coordination.[3][7] Serious side effects may include respiratory depression, hallucinations, serotonin syndrome, low blood pressure, or development of an opioid use disorder.[3][7] Fentanyl works primarily by activating μ-opioid receptors.[3] It is around 100 times stronger than morphine and about 50 times stronger than heroin. Some fentanyl analogues such as carfentanil are up to ~10,000 times stronger than morphine.[8]

Fentanyl was first made by Paul Janssen in 1960 and approved for medical use in the United States in 1968.[3][9] In 2015, 1,600 kilograms (3,500 lb) were used in healthcare globally.[10] As of 2017, fentanyl was the most widely used synthetic opioid in medicine;[11] it was the 250th-most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 1.7 million prescriptions.[12][13] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.[14]

In recent years, fentanyl has disrupted the North American market for illegal drugs, capitalizing on pre-existing demand for opiates such as heroin and prescription pharmaceuticals. In 2016, fentanyl and fentanyl analogues were the most common cause of overdose deaths in the United States at more than 20,000, about half of all opioid-related deaths.[15][16][17] Most of these overdose deaths were due to illegally made safe online pharmacies in canada,canadian pharmacies ed pills, fentanyl.[18] There is concern that the growing demand may prove highly attractive to organized crime and aspiring criminals, especially those operating in areas around the Golden Triangle in Southeast Asia and Shan State in Myanmar where production of synthetic drugs has expanded dramatically over the last decade. Compared to heroin, it is more potent, has higher profit margins, and, because it is compact, has simpler logistics. It can buying cocaine in bolivia, be cut into, or even replace entirely, the supply caremark pharmacy refills,cvs near me that delivers,cvs order delivery, of heroin and other opiates